Cystatin-M

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Cystatin M

scholarly journals Cystatin M/E (Cystatin 6): A Janus-Faced Cysteine Protease Inhibitor with Both Tumor-Suppressing and Tumor-Promoting Functions

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1877
Author(s):  
Gilles Lalmanach ◽  
Mariana Kasabova-Arjomand ◽  
Fabien Lecaille ◽  
Ahlame Saidi
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Tight Binding ◽  
Cysteine Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Tumor Promoter ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Cysteine Cathepsins ◽  
Cystatin M

Alongside its contribution in maintaining skin homeostasis and its probable involvement in fetal and placental development, cystatin M/E (also known as cystatin 6) was first described as a tumor suppressor of breast cancer. This review aims to provide an update on cystatin M/E with particular attention paid to its role during tumorigenesis. Cystatin M/E, which is related to type 2 cystatins, displays the unique property of being a dual tight-binding inhibitor of both legumain (also known as asparagine endopeptidase) and cysteine cathepsins L, V and B, while its expression level is epigenetically regulated via the methylation of the CST6 promoter region. The tumor-suppressing role of cystatin M/E was further reported in melanoma, cervical, brain, prostate, gastric and renal cancers, and cystatin M/E was proposed as a biomarker of prognostic significance. Contrariwise, cystatin M/E could have an antagonistic function, acting as a tumor promoter (e.g., oral, pancreatic cancer, thyroid and hepatocellular carcinoma). Taking into account these apparently divergent functions, there is an urgent need to decipher the molecular and cellular regulatory mechanisms of the expression and activity of cystatin M/E associated with the safeguarding homeostasis of the proteolytic balance as well as its imbalance in cancer.

scholarly journals Cystatin M/E Expression is Restricted to Differentiated Epidermal Keratinocytes and Sweat Glands: a New Skin-Specific Proteinase Inhibitor that is a Target for Cross-Linking by Transglutaminase

2001 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick L.J.M. Zeeuwen ◽  
Ivonne M.J.J. van Vlijmen-Willems ◽  
Bastiaan J.H. Jansen ◽  
Fred van Ruissen ◽  
Joost Schalkwijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteinase Inhibitor ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Cystatin M ◽  
New Skin

Cystatin M

2004 ◽  
Vol 64 (19) ◽  
pp. 6957-6964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Ravi Shridhar ◽  
Qun Dai ◽  
Jin Song ◽  
Shayne C. Barlow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystatin M

scholarly journals Cystatin M loss is associated with the losses of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER4 in invasive breast cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunkyung Ko ◽  
Seong-Eun Park ◽  
Eun Yoon Cho ◽  
Yujin Kim ◽  
Jung-Ah Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Invasive Breast Cancer ◽  
Cystatin M

scholarly journals Colocalization of Cystatin M/E and Cathepsin V in Lamellar Granules and Corneodesmosomes Suggests a Functional Role in Epidermal Differentiation

2007 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick L.J.M. Zeeuwen ◽  
Akemi Ishida-Yamamoto ◽  
Ivonne M.J.J. van Vlijmen-Willems ◽  
Tsing Cheng ◽  
Mieke Bergers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Role ◽  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Cystatin M ◽  
Cathepsin V

scholarly journals Cystatin M/E Variant Causes Autosomal Dominant Keratosis Follicularis Spinulosa Decalvans by Dysregulating Cathepsins L and V

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja M. Eckl ◽  
Robert Gruber ◽  
Louise Brennan ◽  
Andrew Marriott ◽  
Roswitha Plank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Index Patient ◽  
Hair Shaft ◽  
Epidermal Differentiation ◽  
Cysteine Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Dominant Inheritance ◽  
Keratosis Follicularis ◽  
Cystatin M

Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans (KFSD) is a rare cornification disorder with an X-linked recessive inheritance in most cases. Pathogenic variants causing X-linked KFSD have been described in MBTPS2, the gene for a membrane-bound zinc metalloprotease that is involved in the cleavage of sterol regulatory element binding proteins important for the control of transcription. Few families have been identified with an autosomal dominant inheritance of KFSD. We present two members of an Austrian family with a phenotype of KFSD, a mother and her son. The disease was not observed in her parents, pointing to a dominant inheritance with a de novo mutation in the index patient. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified a heterozygous missense variant in CST6 in DNA samples from the index patient and her affected son. In line with family history, the variant was not present in samples from her parents. CST6 codes for cystatin M/E, a cysteine protease inhibitor. Patient keratinocytes showed increased expression of cathepsin genes CTSL and CTSV and reduced expression of transglutaminase genes TGM1 and TGM3. A relative gain of active, cleaved transglutaminases was found in patient keratinocytes compared to control cells. The variant found in CST6 is expected to affect protein targeting and results in marked disruption of the balance between cystatin M/E activity and its target proteases and eventually transglutaminases 1 and 3. This disturbance leads to an impairment of terminal epidermal differentiation and proper hair shaft formation seen in KFSD.

scholarly journals 190 Deficiency of the Human Cysteine Protease Inhibitor Cystatin M/E Causes Hypotrichosis and Dry Skin

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (9) ◽  
pp. S247
Author(s):  
P. Zeeuwen ◽  
E. van den Bogaard ◽  
M. van Geel ◽  
I. van Vlijmen-Willems ◽  
P. Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Cysteine Protease ◽  
Cysteine Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Cystatin M

scholarly journals Epigenetic Silencing of the Tumor Suppressor Cystatin M Occurs during Breast Cancer Progression

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (16) ◽  
pp. 7899-7909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingbao Ai ◽  
Wan-Ju Kim ◽  
Tae-You Kim ◽  
C. Robert Fields ◽  
Nicole A. Massoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Breast Cancer Progression ◽  
Epigenetic Silencing ◽  
Cystatin M
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