Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy

scholarly journals Dorsal cauda equina nerve root enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging due to ANNA-1-associated paraneoplastic polyneuropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay A Madhavan ◽  
Julie B Guerin ◽  
Laurence J Eckel ◽  
Vance T Lehman ◽  
Carrie M Carr
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy ◽  
Nerve Root Involvement

A 69-year-old female presented with subacute onset ascending weakness and paraesthesias. She was initially diagnosed with Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) based on her clinical presentation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showing albuminocytological dissociation. However, she was later found to have anti-neuronal nuclear antibody 1 (ANNA-1/anti-Hu)-positive CSF and was subsequently diagnosed with small-cell lung cancer. Her neurological symptoms were ultimately attributed to ANNA-1/anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic polyneuropathy. During the course of her evaluation, she had magnetic resonance imaging findings of dorsal predominant cauda equina nerve root enhancement, which has not been previously described. The only previously reported case of cauda equina enhancement due to ANNA-1-associated polyneuropathy described ventral predominant findings. The distinction between ventral and dorsal enhancement is important, since it suggests that different patterns of nerve root involvement may be associated with this paraneoplastic syndrome. Therefore, ANNA-1-associated paraneoplastic inflammatory polyneuropathy can be considered in the differential diagnosis of cauda equina nerve root enhancement with ventral and/or dorsal predominance. This can potentially be helpful in differentiating ANNA-1 polyneuropathy from GBS, which classically has ventral predominant enhancement.

scholarly journals Endometrial Carcinoma Presenting as Vasculitic Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Marketa Vasku ◽  
Thomas Papathemelis ◽  
Nicolai Maass ◽  
Ivo Meinhold-Heerlein ◽  
Dirk Bauerschlag
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Carcinoma ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Metastatic Tumor ◽  
Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy ◽  
Sensorimotor Deficits ◽  
Underlying Malignancy ◽  
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy ◽  
Sporadic Cases ◽  
Recommended Therapy

Paraneoplastic syndromes (PNS) are a heterogeneous group of symptoms which are indirectly caused by primary or metastatic tumor. Paraneoplastic polyneuropathy (PNP) is mostly related to small cell lung cancer (5%), prostate, gastric, and breast cancer. Only sporadic cases have been reported to be associated with endometrial cancer. We present a case of a premenopausal woman with severe vasculitic, asymmetric sensorimotor polyneuropathy that developed in conjunction with an endometrial carcinoma responding to surgical therapy of primary tumor combined to steroid therapy. Neurological symptoms such as asymmetrical sensorimotor deficits and painful paresthesias are suspicious when they occur in otherwise healthy women with no medical history. The phenomenon of a paraneoplastic syndrome can point to an underlying malignancy and can be used as marker of progression or regression of the tumor. Due to the rarity of PNP, there is no standard treatment. Recommended therapy is stage-adjusted treatment of the primary tumor.

Paraneoplastic polyneuropathy and subsequent recovery following tumor removal in a dog

1999 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
CL Mariani ◽  
SB Shelton ◽  
JC Alsup
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Subsequent Recovery ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Peripheral Polyneuropathy ◽  
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy ◽  
Paraneoplastic Neuropathy ◽  
The Right

A 10-year-old, intact female Brittany spaniel was presented for evaluation of progressive tetraparesis. Physical examination and diagnostic testing revealed masses within the right mammary chain and left caudal lung lobe. Neuromuscular electrodiagnostic and histopathological findings were compatible with a peripheral polyneuropathy. Upon removal of the tumors, the dog's paresis disappeared. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case in the veterinary literature of improvement following therapy of a suspected paraneoplastic neuropathy.

RARE PARANEOPLASTIC POLYNEUROPATHY SECONDARY TO SKIN MELANOMA

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. e4.65-e4
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Kioulachidis ◽  
Elena Ailenei ◽  
Fardad Afshari ◽  
Martina Mockova
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Motor Deficit ◽  
Axillary Lymph Nodes ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Braf Gene ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy

Paraneoplastic diseases of peripheral and central nervous systems are rare manifestations of malignancies. Here we report a rare case of 51 year old male who presented with symmetrical progressive sensory and motor deficit over the course of one year. His past medical history included a malignant melanoma excised 5 years ago from the skin of interscapular region.His nerve conduction studies showed evidence of severe, symmetrical, predominantly sensory, axonal peripheral neuropathy. He under-went CT chest-abdomen-pelvis which showed large right axillary lymph nodes. Axillary Lymph node biopsy contained metastatic melanoma cells positive with MelanA and HMB 45. Analysis of the BRAF gene from biopsy sample cells revealed the presence of a mutation within codon 600 of the BRAF gene. All further investigations did not show evidence of any other type of tumour.Paraneoplastic syndromes can affect the motor, sensory and autonomic nervous systems and are associated with lung cancer, especially small-cell lung cancer, lymphoma and gynecological tumors. To our knowledge our case is the first report of paraneoplastic polyneuropathy secondary to malignant melanoma.The presence of paraneoplastic neuropathy should be considered in all patients with malignancy and can happen at any point in the disease prior or after induction of any treatment. We report rare case of malignant melanoma presenting with paraneoplastic polyneuropathy.

Immune Deposits in Sural Nerve Biopsies from Patients with Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy

1980 ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
T. M. Feltkamp-Vroom ◽  
B. W. Ongerboer de Visser ◽  
C. A. Feltkamp
Keyword(s):  
Sural Nerve ◽  
Immune Deposits ◽  
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy

A case of Occult Breast Cancer with Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy

Breast Cancer ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaomi Hanaoka ◽  
Minoru Fujimori ◽  
Kiyoshi Shingu ◽  
Satoshi Hirose ◽  
Masayuki Maruyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Occult Breast Cancer ◽  
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy

Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy Associated with a Carcinoid Tumor of the Cecum

2009 ◽  
Vol 212 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sipilä ◽  
H. Leinonen ◽  
J. Juntunen
Keyword(s):  
Carcinoid Tumor ◽  
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy

Peripheral neuropathy in a cat with renal lymphoma

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 869-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Cavana ◽  
Federica Sammartano ◽  
Maria T. Capucchio ◽  
Deborah Catalano ◽  
Alberto Valazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Axonal Degeneration ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Muscle Denervation ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Neoplastic Processes ◽  
Renal Lymphoma ◽  
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy

A 12-year-old male cat was referred for progressive limb weakness lasting 2 weeks. Physical examination detected muscle atrophy and bilateral renomegaly with distortion of the renal contours. The cat was ambulatory but tetraparetic. It showed a peculiar posture on forelimbs with bilateral flexion of the carpi and extrarotation of forearms. The cat was unable to go upstairs or jump. Neurological examination showed findings compatible with peripheral nervous system involvement. Histopathological findings revealed a high grade non-B, non-T cell renal lymphoma and peripheral neuropathy characterised by demyelination, axonal degeneration and muscle denervation. In the absence of congenital, metabolic and infectious diseases or exposure to toxins, a paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathy was hypothesised. In humans and dogs, paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathies have been documented with different neoplastic processes including lymphoproliferative disorders. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of suspected paraneoplastic polyneuropathy in a cat with malignant tumour.

Clinical and Neurophysiologic Features in Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Valli ◽  
Ornella Strada ◽  
Carlo Pirovano
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Motor Neuropathy ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
The Third ◽  
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy ◽  
Oat Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Progressive Course

Three of 8,954 in- patients have been selected as affected by paraneoplastic polyneuropathy. In all of them the polyneuropathy had a steadily progressive course, with symptoms beginning in the lower limbs and spreading to the upper limbs in a few months. An increase in protein content of the cerebrospinal fluid was evident in each case. No other possible causes of polyneuropathy were found, and the association with malignancy was histologically proved in all 3 cases. A bronchogenic (« oat cell ») carcinoma was present in the first patient, who had an almost exclusively motor neuropathy. An osteosarcoma was diagnosed in the second case, and its association with a polyneuropathy seems to be exceptional. A sigmoid adenocarcinoma was discovered in the third patient. Neurophysiologic investigations were indicative of a polyneuropathy with predominant axonic involvement in all 3 cases.

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