Performed Activity Delay Duration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Delay Duration

Effect of Interval-Delay Duration on Prospective Memory in HIV-1

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven P. Woods ◽  
Matthew S. Dawson ◽  
Catherine L. Carey ◽  
Erin E. Morgan ◽  
Igor Grant
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Delay Duration ◽  
Interval Delay ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals The effects of delay duration on visual working memory for orientation

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongsup Shin ◽  
Qijia Zou ◽  
Wei Ji Ma
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Delay Duration

scholarly journals Delay for First Consultation and Its Associated Factors among New Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients of Central Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wongsa Laohasiriwong ◽  
Roshan Kumar Mahato ◽  
Rajendra Koju ◽  
Kriangsak Vaeteewootacharn
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Delay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Delay Duration ◽  
Development Region ◽  
Public Health Challenge

Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major public health challenge in Nepal and worldwide. Most transmissions occur between the onset of symptoms and the consultation with formal health care centers. This study aimed to determine the duration of delay for the first consultation and its associated factors with unacceptable delay among the new sputum pulmonary tuberculosis cases in the central development region of Nepal. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in the central development region of Nepal between January and May 2015. New pulmonary sputum positive tuberculosis patients were interviewed by using a structured questionnaire and their medical records were reviewed. Among a total of 374 patients, the magnitude of patient delay was 53.21% (95% CI: 48.12–58.28%) with a median delay of 32 days and an interquartile range of 11–70 days. The factors associated with unacceptable patient delay (duration ≥ 30 days) were residence in the rural area (adj. OR = 3.10, 95% CI: 1.10–8.72;pvalue = 0.032) and DOTS center located more than 5 km away from their residences (adj. OR = 5.53, 95% CI: 2.18–13.99;pvalue < 0.001). Unemployed patients were more likely to have patient delay (adj. OR = 7.79, 95% CI: 1.64–37.00;pvalue = 0.010) when controlled for other variables.

Subway user behaviour when affected by incidents in Toronto (SUBWAIT) survey — A joint revealed preference and stated preference survey with a trip planner tool

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 623-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teddy Lin ◽  
Siva Srikukenthiran ◽  
Eric Miller ◽  
Amer Shalaby
Keyword(s):  
Stated Preference ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Delay Duration ◽  
Service Conditions ◽  
Service Disruption ◽  
Actual Response ◽  
Trip Planner ◽  
The City

Transit user behavioural response under disrupted service conditions, specifically how transit riders choose among available mode options to complete their trips, is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate transit user mode choice in response to rapid transit service disruption in the City of Toronto, incorporating such factors as the type of disruption, stage of the passenger’s trip (pre-trip or en-route), weather conditions, and uncertainty of delay duration. A joint revealed preference (RP) and stated preference (SP) survey was designed where the RP part gathered information on the respondent’s actual response to the most recent service disruption while the SP part solicited the respondent’s travel choices under a set of hypothetical service disruption scenarios. A transit trip planner tool was developed to generate alternative transit mode and path options to avoid the disrupted segment. An empirical model using RP data is presented to verify the survey design technique.

scholarly journals Optimized delay of the second COVID-19 vaccine dose reduces ICU admissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (35) ◽  
pp. e2104640118
Author(s):  
Paulo J. S. Silva ◽  
Claudia Sagastizábal ◽  
Luís Gustavo Nonato ◽  
Claudio José Struchiner ◽  
Tiago Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Vaccine Production ◽  
Partial Protection ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Optimal Delay ◽  
Delay Duration ◽  
Optimal Duration ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Dose Delay

Slower than anticipated, COVID-19 vaccine production and distribution have impaired efforts to curtail the current pandemic. The standard administration schedule for most COVID-19 vaccines currently approved is two doses administered 3 to 4 wk apart. To increase the number of individuals with partial protection, some governments are considering delaying the second vaccine dose. However, the delay duration must take into account crucial factors, such as the degree of protection conferred by a single dose, the anticipated vaccine supply pipeline, and the potential emergence of more virulent COVID-19 variants. To help guide decision-making, we propose here an optimization model based on extended susceptible, exposed, infectious, and removed (SEIR) dynamics that determines the optimal delay duration between the first and second COVID-19 vaccine doses. The model assumes lenient social distancing and uses intensive care unit (ICU) admission as a key metric while selecting the optimal duration between doses vs. the standard 4-wk delay. While epistemic uncertainties apply to the interpretation of simulation outputs, we found that the delay is dependent on the vaccine mechanism of action and first-dose efficacy. For infection-blocking vaccines with first-dose efficacy ≥50%, the model predicts that the second dose can be delayed by ≥8 wk (half of the maximal delay), whereas for symptom-alleviating vaccines, the same delay is recommended only if the first-dose efficacy is ≥70%. Our model predicts that a 12-wk second-dose delay of an infection-blocking vaccine with a first-dose efficacy ≥70% could reduce ICU admissions by 400 people per million over 200 d.

scholarly journals Apparent preferences for cognitive effort fade when multiple forms of effort and delay are interleaved in a foraging environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Toro-Serey ◽  
Gary Kane ◽  
Joseph McGuire
Keyword(s):  
Prey Selection ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Acceptance Rate ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Physical Effort ◽  
Delay Duration ◽  
Cost Of Time ◽  
Acceptance Rates

Cognitive and physical effort are typically regarded as costly, but demands for effort also seemingly boost the value of prospects under certain conditions. One contextual factor that might influence the perceived value of effort is the mix of different demand types a decision maker encounters in a given environment. Here, we embedded both cognitive and physical effort in a "prey selection" foraging task, which required decision makers not only to evaluate the magnitude and delay of a focal prospective reward but also to estimate the general opportunity cost of time. In two experiments, participants encountered prospective rewards that required equivalent intervals of cognitive effort, physical effort, or unfilled delay. Monetary offers varied per trial, and the two experiments differed in whether the type of effort or delay cost was the same on every trial (between-participant manipulation, n=21 per condition), or varied across trials (within-participant manipulation, n=48). When each participant faced only one type of cost, cognitive effort persistently produced the highest acceptance rate compared to trials with an equivalent period of either physical effort or unfilled delay. We theorized that if cognitive effort were intrinsically rewarding, we would observe the same pattern of preferences when participants foraged for varying cost types in addition to rewards. Contrary to this prediction, in the within-participant experiment, an initially higher acceptance rate for cognitive effort trials disappeared over time amid an overall decline in acceptance rates as participants gained experience with all three conditions. Our results indicate that cognitive demands may reduce the discounting effect of delays, but not because decision makers assign intrinsic value to cognitive effort. Rather, the results suggest that a cognitive effort requirement might influence contextual factors such as subjective delay duration estimates, which can be recalibrated if multiple forms of demand are interleaved.

Delay detectability and speech rate as a function of delay duration in auditory feedback.

2010 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 2287-2287
Author(s):  
Sudipa Bhattacharyya ◽  
Joy Armson ◽  
Michael Kiefte
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Feedback ◽  
Speech Rate ◽  
Delay Duration

scholarly journals Exploring the Relationships between the Topological Characteristics of Subway Networks and Service Disruption Impact

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiru Wang ◽  
Wubin Ma ◽  
Albert Chan
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Service Interruption ◽  
Delay Duration ◽  
Topological Characteristics ◽  
Service Disruption ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Although numerous studies have considered the topological characteristics and the impact of disruptions in subway systems, their results have not been verified by empirical data. To address this limitation, we used a data set containing 392 detailed records of disruptions to subway services in Beijing from 2011 to 2017. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient analysis results indicate that the delay duration exhibits no significant relationship with the topological characteristics, whereas the reverse is true for the relationship between the number of affected trains and the topological characteristics. The results also demonstrate that subway network expansion will not result in a paradox between convenience and vulnerability from an actual data perspective. Moreover, contrary to previous research results, no significant relationship was found to exist between service interruption impact and the transit and key bridge stations. However, a high degree of clustering, characterized by redundant tracks between neighbours, tends to provide protection against service disruption for stations. In terms of the spatial variation, the influence of the disruption is greater when the station is further from the centre of the line. These results can support sustainable design in subway network planning.

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