Right Lung, Inferior Lobe, Lateral Basal Segment

AbstractObjective:The inhaled sharp foreign body is usually amenable to bronchoscopic extraction. When this fails, management poses a challenge. We present a logical approach to the inhaled pin inaccessible to the bronchoscope.Case report:A 12-year-old girl presented to the accident and emergency unit after accidentally inhaling a pin. Multiple attempts with both rigid and flexible bronchoscopy failed to access the pin, which had lodged distally in the anteromedial basal segment of the left lung. Eventually, the pin was extracted at thoracotomy.Conclusion:We discuss the reasons for extracting such pins, as opposed to leaving them in situ, and when to proceed from endoscopy to open surgery. Such knowledge is useful, not only to guide the multidisciplinary team in their combined approach to this unique challenge, but also to explain to the patient the rationale for the proposed treatment protocol.

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Peripheral representation of antennal orientation by the scapal hair plate of the cockroach Periplaneta americana

Journal of Experimental Biology ◽

10.1242/jeb.204.24.4301 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 204 (24) ◽

pp. 4301-4309 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Okada ◽

Y. Toh

Keyword(s):

Single Unit ◽

Periplaneta Americana ◽

Vertical Component ◽

Horizontal Component ◽

Vertical Position ◽

Horizontal Position ◽

Joint Movement ◽

Basal Segment ◽

Dynamic Phase ◽

Hair Sensilla

SUMMARY Arthropods have hair plates that are clusters of mechanosensitive hairs, usually positioned close to joints, which function as proprioceptors for joint movement. We investigated how angular movements of the antenna of the cockroach (Periplaneta americana) are coded by antennal hair plates. A particular hair plate on the basal segment of the antenna, the scapal hair plate, can be divided into three subgroups: dorsal, lateral and medial. The dorsal group is adapted to encode the vertical component of antennal direction, while the lateral and medial groups are specialized for encoding the horizontal component. Of the three subgroups of hair sensilla, those of the lateral scapal hair plate may provide the most reliable information about the horizontal position of the antenna, irrespective of its vertical position. Extracellular recordings from representative sensilla of each scapal hair plate subgroup revealed the form of the single-unit impulses in response to hair deflection. The mechanoreceptors were characterized as typically phasic-tonic. The tonic discharge was sustained indefinitely (>20 min) as long as the hair was kept deflected. The spike frequency in the transient (dynamic) phase was both velocity- and displacement-dependent, while that in the sustained (steady) phase was displacement-dependent.

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