scholarly journals Oral Microbiology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Microbiology

Clinical oral microbiology: A view of the road ahead

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
Deborah EA Lockhart ◽  
Caroline Pankhurst ◽  
Riina Richardson ◽  
Noha Seoudi ◽  
Andrew Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
The Road ◽  
Oral Microbiology

‘There’s none so blind as those that will not see.’ With almost daily headlines describing novel and re-emerging challenges in healthcare related to infection prevention and antimicrobial resistance, it is quite extraordinary that there are currently only four clinical oral microbiologists in UK consultant posts, and no trainees. Given the backdrop of increasing antimicrobial resistance, and a drive towards optimal diagnosis, surveillance and management of infection in all others areas of healthcare, how has this situation arisen? More importantly, can it be remedied? If so, how?

scholarly journals Dysbiosis From a Microbial and Host Perspective Relative to Oral Health and Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Cugini ◽  
Narayanan Ramasubbu ◽  
Vincent K. Tsiagbe ◽  
Daniel H. Fine
Keyword(s):  
Oral Disease ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Oral Infections ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technical Advances ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Oral Microbiology ◽  
Immunological Research

The significance of microbiology and immunology with regard to caries and periodontal disease gained substantial clinical or research consideration in the mid 1960's. This enhanced emphasis related to several simple but elegant experiments illustrating the relevance of bacteria to oral infections. Since that point, the understanding of oral diseases has become increasingly sophisticated and many of the original hypotheses related to disease causality have either been abandoned or amplified. The COVID pandemic has reminded us of the importance of history relative to infectious diseases and in the words of Churchill “those who fail to learn from history are condemned to repeat it.” This review is designed to present an overview of broad general directions of research over the last 60 years in oral microbiology and immunology, reviewing significant contributions, indicating emerging foci of interest, and proposing future directions based on technical advances and new understandings. Our goal is to review this rich history (standard microbiology and immunology) and point to potential directions in the future (omics) that can lead to a better understanding of disease. Over the years, research scientists have moved from a position of downplaying the role of bacteria in oral disease to one implicating bacteria as true pathogens that cause disease. More recently it has been proposed that bacteria form the ecological first line of defense against “foreign” invaders and also serve to train the immune system as an acquired host defensive stimulus. While early immunological research was focused on immunological exposure as a modulator of disease, the “hygiene hypothesis,” and now the “old friends hypothesis” suggest that the immune response could be trained by bacteria for long-term health. Advanced “omics” technologies are currently being used to address changes that occur in the host and the microbiome in oral disease. The “omics” methodologies have shaped the detection of quantifiable biomarkers to define human physiology and pathologies. In summary, this review will emphasize the role that commensals and pathobionts play in their interaction with the immune status of the host, with a prediction that current “omic” technologies will allow researchers to better understand disease in the future.

scholarly journals Book review: Oral microbiology and immunology, 2nd edition

BDJ ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 216 (10) ◽  
pp. 550-550
Author(s):  
L. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Oral Microbiology

A review of in vitro attempts to develop the axenic culture of Treponema pallidum and genomics-based suggestions to achieve this elusive goal

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Souad Belkacemi ◽  
Maryam Tidjani Alou ◽  
Saber Khelaifia ◽  
Didier Raoult
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Oral Microbiology

To date, the axenic culture of Treponema pallidum remains a challenge in the field of microbiology despite countless attempts. Here, we conducted a comprehensive bibliographic analysis using several databases and search engines, namely Pubmed, Google scholar, Google, Web of Science and Scopus. Numerous unsuccessful empiric studies have been conducted and evaluated using as criteria dark-field microscopic observation of motile spiral shaped cells in the culture and virulence of the culture through rabbit infectivity. All of these studies failed to induce rabbit infectivity, even when deemed positive after microscopic observation leading to the misnomer of avirulent T. pallidum . In fact, this criterion was improperly chosen because not all spiral shaped cells are T. pallidum . However, these studies led to the formulation of culture media particularly favourable to the growth of several species of Treponema, including Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Zürich medium (OMIZ), Oral Treponeme Enrichment Broth (OTEB) and T-Raoult, thus allowing the increase in the number of cultivable strains of Treponema . The predicted metabolic capacities of T. pallidum show limited metabolism, also exhibited by other non-cultured and pathogenic Treponema species, in contrast to cultured Treponema species. The advent of next generation sequencing represents a turning point in this field, as the knowledge inferred from the genome can finally lead to the axenic culture of T. pallidum .

Oral microbiology

1974 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
G.F. Tinsley
Keyword(s):  
Oral Microbiology

scholarly journals Meeting report: The 12th European oral microbiology workshop (EOMW) in Stockholm, Sweden

Virulence ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios N. Belibasakis ◽  
Michael A. Curtis ◽  
George Hajishengallis ◽  
Egija Zaura
Keyword(s):  
Meeting Report ◽  
Oral Microbiology
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