scholarly journals ON THE QUESTION OF DETERMINING THE COST OF PAINTWORK OF WHEELED VEHICLES WITH ELEMENTS OF AIRBRUSHING

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
О. Mykhalskyi ◽  
S. Kiriakov ◽  
D. Fokin
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Tabular Data ◽  
Standard Time ◽  
Auto Parts ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles ◽  
Real Costs

This article outlines problematic issues in determining the cost of paintwork of wheeled vehicles with elements of airbrushing. Options of applying patterns on the auto parts of the body depending on their complexity and the possibility of reapplication are considered. Ways of calculating the number of man-hours on airbrushing work are taken out, namely tabular data on already existing methodological recommendations as well as alternative, more accurate ways of calculating standard time are suggested, which at most reflect real costs, both for the time spent on airbrushing drawing, and on the amount of materials accordingly.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE PREPARATION AND APPOINTMENT OF FORENSIC EXAMINATION OF VEHICLES AND REGISTRATION DOCUMENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
V. Sezonov
Keyword(s):  
Market Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Trace Evidence ◽  
Forensic Examination ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles

The article analyzes the features of the preparation and appointment of forensic examination of vehicles, procedural and tactical requirements for this examination. The vehicle is a special object of forensics, which imposes certain restrictions on its preparation for examination. Specific requirements for the tactics of investigative actions with this object are intended to ensure the legality and admissibility of evidence for criminal proceedings. The vehicle is also an object for conducting expert studies of various types. The issue of changing the identification numbers (body, engine), determining the year of manufacture, replacing the data carriers about the car (number and code plates, etc.) are resolved by means of traceability. To solve the issue of replacing the body number by replacing the panel with a number plate, a complex forensic chemical (paintwork research) and trace evidence examination are appointed. The issue of re-equipment of the vehicle is solved by complex trace evidence and commodity expertise, etc. The complexity of the study of the vehicle and the accompanying documents requires the appointment of directly comprehensive examinations of various types. In the investigation of unlawful acts related to the illegal movement of vehicles across the customs border of Ukraine, auto-merchandising and transport- merchandising examinations can also be carried out to solve the problems associated with determining the market value of wheeled vehicles, their components, as well as the amount of the cost of material losses caused to the owner or to the owner of wheeled vehicles, their components due to damage to the latter. The indicated examinations are quite often appointed in conjunction with the trace evidence examination. The fulfillment of certain procedural requirements is designed to ensure the legality and admissibility of evidence obtained in the course of investigative actions and the results of forensic examinations conducted by them.

Design of the Automatic Guided Vehicle Control System Applied to Automotive Logistics

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 381-384
Author(s):  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Guo Song Liu
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Vehicle Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Circuit Performance ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
Automatic Guided Vehicle ◽  
Distribution Logistics ◽  
Auto Parts ◽  
The Cost

In order to improve the efficiency of auto parts distribution logistics, to lower the cost of auto production in transportation logistics, and to reduce accidents, in this paper it is designed that an automatic guided vehicle control system to replace the manned tractors in the distribution sites. The system is equipped with an infrared homing device that can ensure the automated guided vehicle (AGV) along a predetermined route automatic driving at a given distribution information, without the needs to manually guided. Test results show that the circuit performance of AGV control system is stable to ensure the accuracy of the tracking in the practical application, and the mean absolute error of the tracking is less than 0.04m.

Influence of the cost of technological equipment of body production on indicators of efficiency of working processes

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Index ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Production Body ◽  
Body Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Efficiency Indicators ◽  
Selection Of

The possibilities for the development of bodywork in the context of the growing level of competition are analyzed in the article. The technological processes of bodywork are considered and the problem of choosing technological equipment is indicated. The statistical data about the efficiency indicators of company body divisions, operating in the body repair market in Krasnoyarsk, are presented. A composite quality index for the equipment of the bodywork department (using the example of body stocks) is proposed and calculated, and on its basis, some recommendations are given for companies which plan to enter the market of body repair services. Keywords: body production, body repair, body equipment, body production efficiency, selection of technological equipment

Improving the efficiency of metal-bonded diamond abrasive end tools by improving manufacturing technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-80
Author(s):  
Valentin Smirnov ◽  
◽  
Dmitry Lobanov ◽  
Vadim Skeeba ◽  
Ivan Golyushov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Manufacturing Technology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Diamond Abrasive ◽  
Bearing Part

Introduction. Difficult-to-machine materials with enhanced physical and mechanical properties are increasingly being used in various industries. Such materials are used in mechanical engineering for the manufacture of parts and assemblies of machines and mechanisms, in the production and processing of food products where increased operational requirements are required. In modern production, along with traditional methods of intensifying technological operations, combined and hybrid processing technologies are used. For the finishing of products, abrasive grinding with a diamond tool is used. One of the problems hindering the wide practical application of this method in industry is the fact that it has a high prime cost caused by the cost of materials used in the manufacture and the laboriousness of the tool shaping process. This leads to the need to develop a new technology for manufacturing diamond tools. The purpose of the work is to increase the efficiency of the end diamond abrasive tool with a metal bond by using carbon steels as a body material, increasing the strength of the connection between the body and the diamond-bearing part, as well as choosing an effective tool manufacturing technology. Research methodology. To gain this task, a technology for manufacturing end diamond abrasive tools is developed and tested. Allowing using the technology of capacitor welding to connect the diamond-bearing part with the shank and use medium-carbon hardened high-quality steels with a hardness of 45-60 HRC as the shank material. The strength of the connection of the body with the working diamond-bearing part of the grinding head samples is determined by tensile testing on a 1958U10 tensile machine with maximum load 100 kN. The quality of the joint is assessed visually by the presence of discontinuities in the joint, as well as by examining the microstructure and measuring the microhardness of the weld and heat-affected zones. The microhardness of the welded joint is measured using an HMV-G21ST semi-automatic microhardness tester (Shimadzu, Japan) at a load of 50 g. Results and discussion. Thus, the results of comparative studies allow us to assert that the strength of the connection between the shank and the working diamond-bearing part according to the proposed technology surpasses similar characteristics of the strength of the connection between the shank and the diamond-bearing layer of grinding heads obtained by the method selected by the prototype. Conclusions. The proposed technology for the manufacture of diamond heads increases the strength of the connection between the body and the diamond-bearing working part, reduces the cost of manufacturing the grinding heads due to the use of hardened medium-carbon steels as the material of the tool body instead of high-speed steel grades, the technology is simplified and the possibility of automating the manufacture of tools appears.

scholarly journals Unstable Hemostasis and Specific Postoperative Complications (Literature Review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
D. V. Lebedeva ◽  
E. A. Ilyicheva
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Technical Errors ◽  
Perioperative Bleeding ◽  
The Cost

Perioperative bleeding occupies a leading place among all surgical complications and, despite the rapid development of surgery, remains relevant to this day. In addition to an increase in mortality, bleeding can cause the development of other postoperative complications, which lead to disability of patients and to a decrease in the quality of life in all age groups. Most perioperative bleeding are caused by technical errors. This article reviews the problem of perioperative bleeding from the point of view of impaired coagulation capabilities of the body. The main etiopathogenetic features of hemostasis during the development of this complication are considered. The analysis of postoperative complications, which were directly or indirectly caused by bleeding during or after surgery, is presented. The prevalence of these complications in various areas of surgery has been demonstrated. More detailed study of the hemostasis system and the identification of predictors of hemostasis difficulties before the surgery may cause an improvement in the results of surgical treatment and reduce the number of postoperative complications and the duration of hospital stay. Accordingly, this will lead to a decrease in the cost of treatment and an increase in patient satisfaction with the medical care. In connection with the above, there is a great interest among surgeons and anesthesiologists in preventing the development of perioperative bleeding.

scholarly journals The Peculiarities of Civil-Legal Regulation of Transplantation in Ukraine and Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48
Author(s):  
Alla Herts
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
The Body ◽  
Accessibility Of Health Services ◽  
Surgical Field ◽  
Processed Form ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cadaveric Transplantation

Abstract In modern realities the issue of the quality and accessibility of health services, the cost of medicines, examinations and treatment in general is being increasingly frequently discussed. The attention is focused on such a narrow surgical field as transplantation, because in Ukraine thousands of patients are waiting in line for organ transplantation and very few operations are performed. The main, most secure and common type of transplantation is the transplantation of organs and tissues from a deceased person, the dead body. Cadaveric transplantation, which is used in most developed countries, is hardly carried out in Ukraine. This is due to the fact that the current regulatory base of Ukraine in the field of transplantation does not fully meet the needs of modern medicine and has many gaps. The aim of donation is a future transplantation (including and in cases of blood transfusion and reproductive cells use). The parts (tissues, organs, their parts, individual cells) extracted (separated) from the body in the process of donation can be used generally in the treatment process in a processed form (blood plasma) or in the original state (fertilized reproductive cells). The detailed analysis of the provisions of the national legal system makes it possible to conclude that, despite the absence of direct regulation of relations concerning organ donation and transplantation as material relations, the legal regulations provide the fundamental provisions, which determine their material nature, and therefore offer opportunities for agreementbased regulation. In our opinion, one of the essential legal means of ensuring the rights of participants in the relations of donation and transplantation can be their agreement-based regulation. The peculiarities of civil-legal regulation of transplantation in Ukraine and Europe are simultaneously analysed; and the grounds of its legitimacy are defined.

scholarly journals A MODIFIED GENETIC ALGORITHM FOR FINDING FUZZY SHORTEST PATHS IN UNCERTAIN NETWORKS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B2 ◽  
pp. 299-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Heidari ◽  
M. R. Delavar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Shortest Path ◽  
Shortest Paths ◽  
The Body ◽  
Shortest Path Problems ◽  
Conventional Procedure ◽  
Path Lengths ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Uncertain Networks ◽  
Exploration Exploitation

In realistic network analysis, there are several uncertainties in the measurements and computation of the arcs and vertices. These uncertainties should also be considered in realizing the shortest path problem (SPP) due to the inherent fuzziness in the body of expert's knowledge. In this paper, we investigated the SPP under uncertainty to evaluate our modified genetic strategy. We improved the performance of genetic algorithm (GA) to investigate a class of shortest path problems on networks with vague arc weights. The solutions of the uncertain SPP with considering fuzzy path lengths are examined and compared in detail. As a robust metaheuristic, GA algorithm is modified and evaluated to tackle the fuzzy SPP (FSPP) with uncertain arcs. For this purpose, first, a dynamic operation is implemented to enrich the exploration/exploitation patterns of the conventional procedure and mitigate the premature convergence of GA technique. Then, the modified GA (MGA) strategy is used to resolve the FSPP. The attained results of the proposed strategy are compared to those of GA with regard to the cost, quality of paths and CPU times. Numerical instances are provided to demonstrate the success of the proposed MGA-FSPP strategy in comparison with GA. The simulations affirm that not only the proposed technique can outperform GA, but also the qualities of the paths are effectively improved. The results clarify that the competence of the proposed GA is preferred in view of quality quantities. The results also demonstrate that the proposed method can efficiently be utilized to handle FSPP in uncertain networks.

scholarly journals The burden of the current curative expenditure of injury in Dalian, China-A study based on “System of Health Accounts 2011”

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Sun ◽  
Liuna Yang ◽  
Xinzhu Hu ◽  
Yalan Zhu ◽  
Boxi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Curative Care ◽  
Health Accounts ◽  
System Of Health Accounts ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background Injury is one of the major public health problems, which causes more than 5 million deaths in the world every year. Cases of specific types of injury put a tremendous threat to human health and also add a heavy medical burden on individuals and societies. This study was to calculate and analyze the current curative expenditure (CCE) of injury in Dalian and consequently to provide control strategies for decision-makers. Main text: A total of 565 medical institutions were selected with multistage stratified cluster random sampling, containing 4,375,351 valid samples. Subsequently, the distribution of injury CCE in different dimensions (including age and site of injury) was analyzed under the framework of System of Health Accounts 2011(SHA 2011) using the established database. There were increases from 32.36/100,000 in 2006 to 37.34/100,000 in 2017 and from 46.12/100,000 in 2006 to 54.48/100,000 in 2017 in urban and rural residents respectively. The study found that the CCE of injury in Dalian had reached 1572.73 million RMB, accounting for 7.45% of the total curative care expenditure. In the 15–25 age group, the cost of injury accounts for a larger proportion of CCE than other age groups. Among the injuries in different regions of the body, injuries to the spine, lower limb, head and foreign body entering cost the most. Conclusions Dalian has a relatively serious burden of injury costs. The essential and primary goal is to reduce the cost and increase the benefit of attending to patients with injuries. Specific control strategies should be tilted toward the age group 15–25. Injuries to the spine, lower limb, head and foreign body entering also should be priorities of interventions.

Shape Sensitivity Analysis Applied to Exterior Acoustics

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo R. Feijóo ◽  
Assad A. Oberai ◽  
Peter M. Pinsky
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Auxiliary Problem ◽  
Adjoint Problem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structural Acoustics ◽  
Shape Sensitivity ◽  
Shape Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Primal Problem ◽  
Acoustic Media ◽  
The Cost

Abstract We present a method to calculate the derivative of a functional that depends on the shape of a body immersed in an acoustic media. The functional depends implicitly on the shape through the solution of an exterior acoustic problem. The derivative is calculated in terms of the solution of the primal problem and an auxiliary problem, the adjoint problem. An important aspect of this method is that the cost of calculating the derivative is independent of the number of parameters used to represent the shape of the body. This allows for efficient solution of optimization problems in structural acoustics.

Body Vibrations of a Legged Walking Machine

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochun Gao ◽  
Shin-Min Song
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Walking Machine ◽  
Foot Force ◽  
Robot Hands ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
External Loads ◽  
Wheeled Vehicles ◽  
Quadrupedal Walking

Abstract Unlike in wheeled vehicles, compliance in walking machine systems changes due to the variation of leg geometry, as its body proceeds. This variation in compliance will cause vibration, even if external loads remain constant. A theory is thus developed to predict the body vibrations of a walking machine during walking. On the other hand, dynamic foot forces under body vibrations can be computed by application of the existing numerical methods. As an example, the body vibrations of a quadrupedal walking chair under different walking conditions are simulated in terms of the developed theory. The results show that the influence of body vibrations on the foot force distribution is essential and, in some cases, the walking chair may lose its stability due to its body vibrations, even though it is identified to be stable in a quasi-static analysis. The developed theory can also be extended to other similar multi-limbed robotic systems, such as multi-fingered robot hands.

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