Compton-camera-based SPECT for thyroid cancer imaging

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Hengyong Yu ◽  
Ge Wang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Resolution Enhancement ◽  
Spect Imaging ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Compton Camera ◽  
Study Results

Thyroid cancer is the most common type of endocrine-related cancer and the most common cancer in young women. Currently, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT) are used with radioiodine scintigraphy to evaluate patients with thyroid cancer. The gamma camera for SPECT contains a mechanical collimator that greatly compromises dose efficiency and limits diagnostic sensitivity. Fortunately, the Compton camera is emerging as an ideal approach for mapping the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals inside the thyroid. In this preliminary study, based on the state-of-the-art readout chip Timepix3, we investigate the feasibility of using Compton camera for radiotracer SPECT imaging in thyroid cancer. A thyroid phantom is designed to mimic human neck, the mechanism of Compton camera-based event detection is simulated to generate realistic list-mode data, and a weighted back-projection method is developed to reconstruction the original distribution of the emission source. Study results show that the Compton camera can improve the detection efficiency for two or higher orders of magnitude comparing with the conventional gamma cameras. The thyroid gland regions can be reconstructed from the Compton camera measurements in terms of radiotracer distribution. This makes the Compton-camera-based SPECT imaging a promising modality for future clinical applications with significant benefits for dose reduction, scattering artifact reduction, temporal resolution enhancement, scan throughput increment, and others.

scholarly journals Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography using Iodine-123 in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer: additional value over whole body planar imaging and SPECT

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 1131-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Barwick ◽  
Iain Murray ◽  
Hakim Megadmi ◽  
William M Drake ◽  
P Nick Plowman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Spect Imaging ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Iodine 123 ◽  
Single Photon Emission Computed ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic performance of co-registered single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) compared to Iodine-123 whole body gamma camera (WBGC) imaging and to SPECT alone in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.MethodsWBGC and SPECT/CT (n=85) imaging of the neck and thorax was performed in 79 consecutive patients. Three experienced observers reviewed: i) WBGC images followed by ii) SPECT alone, and iii) co-registered SPECT/CT. Foci of increased radioiodine uptake were classified on a five-point scale. Biopsy, other imaging modalities, and clinical follow-up served as the reference standard.ResultsTwenty-two patients had local recurrence or metastatic thyroid cancer (11 were radioiodine negative), 9 had remnant thyroid tissue, and 54 had no evidence of disease. When classifying equivocal, probably, and definitely malignant findings as positive for malignancy, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were as follows: 41, 68, 31, and 77% for WBGC imaging; 45, 89, 59, and 82% for WBGC plus SPECT imaging; and 50, 100, 100, and 85% for WBGC plus SPECT/CT imaging respectively. The specificity was improved by the addition of SPECT (P=0.0002) and SPECT/CT (P<0.0001) than to WBGC imaging. SPECT/CT was also more specific than WBGC plus SPECT imaging (P=0.016). In a study-based analysis, SPECT/CT provided additional diagnostic information in 42% (36/85) of cases. SPECT/CT provided further characterization in 70% (63/90) of foci and improved the diagnostic confidence of all three observers.ConclusionThe addition of SPECT/CT significantly improved the diagnostic information over Iodine-123 WBGC imaging and WBGC plus SPECT imaging alone.

SPECT Scan in Somatization Disorder Patients: An Exploratory Study of Eleven Cases

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Garcia-Campayo ◽  
Concepcion Sanz-Carrillo ◽  
Teresa Baringo ◽  
Concepción Ceballos
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Spect Imaging ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Somatization Disorder ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Pain Symptoms

Objective: There are no previous studies using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans in somatization disorder (SD) patients. The aim of this paper is to assess SPECT imaging abnormalities in SD patients and study any relation to laterality. Method: Eleven SD patients from the Somatization Disorder Unit of Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain, not fulfilling criteria for any other psychiatric disorder and showing normal computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images were studied with SPECT. Patients with DSM-IV axis I comorbidity were ruled out because it has been demonstrated that SPECT scans can show abnormalities in patients with depression and anxiety disorders. The technique used for SPECT was 99mTc-D,1,hexamethylpropyleneamide- oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) in four patients and 99mTc-bicisate in the other seven. The SPECT scans were evaluated without knowledge of clinical data and entirely by visual inspection. Results: Seven out of 11 (63.6%) SD patients showed hypoperfusion in SPECT imaging. In four cases there was hypoperfusion in the non-dominant hemisphere and the predominance of pain symptoms took place in the contralateral hemibody. In the other three patients hypoperfusion was bilateral. The anatomical regions affected were cerebellum (four cases), frontal and prefrontal areas (three cases), temporoparietal areas (two cases) and the complete hemisphere (one case). Conclusions: A proportion of SD patients may present hypoperfusion in SPECT images, uni- or bilaterally, in different brain areas. Possible aetiological explanations for this finding are discussed. Controlled studies are necessary to confirm or refute this hypothesis.

scholarly journals Single photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT) for functional investigation of the proximal tubule in conscious mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (2) ◽  
pp. F454-F460 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Jouret ◽  
Stéphan Walrand ◽  
Kleber S. Parreira ◽  
Pierre J. Courtoy ◽  
Stanislas Pauwels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Knockout Mice ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Spect Imaging ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Single Photon Emission Computed ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

Noninvasive analysis of renal function in conscious mice is necessary to optimize the use of mouse models. In this study, we evaluated whether single photon emission-computed tomography (SPECT) using specific radionuclear tracers can be used to analyze changes in renal proximal tubule functions. The tracers included 99mTC- dimercaptosuccinic acid (99mTc-DMSA), which is used for cortex imaging; 99mTc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine (99mTc-MAG3), used for dynamic renography; and 123I-β2-microglobulin, which monitors receptor-mediated endocytosis. 99mTc-DMSA SPECT imaging was shown to delineate the functional renal cortex with a ∼1-mm spatial resolution and accumulated in the cortex reaching a plateau 5 h after injection. The cortical uptake of 99mTc-DMSA was abolished in Clcn5 knockout mice, a model of proximal tubule dysfunction. Dynamic renography with 99mTc-MAG3 in conscious mice demonstrated rapid extraction from blood, renal accumulation, and subsequent tubular secretion. Anesthesia induced a significant delay in the 99mTc-MAG3 clearance. The tubular reabsorption of 123I-β2-microglobulin was strongly impaired in the Clcn5 knockout mice, with defective tubular processing and loss of the native tracer in urine, reflecting proximal tubule dysfunction. Longitudinal studies in a model of cisplatin-induced acute tubular injury revealed a correlation between tubular recovery and 123I-β2-microglobulin uptake. These data show that SPECT imaging with well-validated radiotracers allows in vivo investigations of specific proximal tubule functions in conscious mice.

scholarly journals Stimulated thyroglobulin level at ablation in differentiated thyroid cancer: the impact of treatment preparation modalities and tumor burden

2014 ◽  
Vol 171 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Ciappuccini ◽  
Juliette Hardouin ◽  
Natacha Heutte ◽  
Dominique Vaur ◽  
Elske Quak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Differentiated Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Radioiodine Ablation ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveIn patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), the stimulated serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level at radioiodine ablation is a known predictive factor of persistent disease. This prognostic value is based on data obtained after thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW), but little is known about this prognostic value after recombinant human TSH (rhTSH) stimulation and about the relationship between the stimulated Tg level and the burden of persistent tumor. We aimed to assess the impact of both radioiodine preparation modalities and persistent tumor burden on stimulated Tg levels.Design and methodsThe stimulated Tg level was measured at radioablation in 308 consecutive DTC patients without serum Tg antibodies. Of these, 123 (40%) were prepared with rhTSH and 185 with THW. Post-ablation scintigraphy included total-body scan and neck and thorax single photon emission computed tomography with computed tomography (SPECT–CT). During a mean follow-up of 43 months, persistent/recurrent disease (PRD) was found in 56 patients (18%). PRD was considered structural in the presence of lesions >1 cm and nonstructural otherwise.ResultsNonstructural PRD was more frequent in the rhTSH group than in the THW group (64 vs 26%, P=0.01). Stimulated Tg levels were lower after rhTSH than after THW in patients with (13.5 vs 99.5 ng/ml, P<0.01) and without (1.2 vs 3.2 ng/ml, P<0.001) PRD. Also, Tg levels were lower in nonstructural disease than in structural disease in both rhTSH (3.8 vs 127.0 ng/ml, P<0.01) and THW (13.0 vs 143.5 ng/ml, P<0.0001) patients. The best Tg cutoff to predict PRD was 2.8 in rhTSH and 28 ng/ml in THW patients.ConclusionBoth radioiodine preparation modalities and the burden of persistent tumor affect the stimulated Tg level at ablation.

scholarly journals Polyethylenimine-Based Theranostic Nanoplatform for Glioma-Targeting Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Imaging and Anticancer Drug Delivery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingzhou Zhao ◽  
Jingyi Zhu ◽  
Jiali Gong ◽  
Ningning Song ◽  
Shan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Spect Imaging ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Anticancer Drug Delivery ◽  
Single Photon Emission Computed ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography

Abstract Background: Glioma is the deadliest brain cancer in adults because the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) prevents the vast majority of therapeutic drugs from entering into the central nervous system. The development of BBB-penetrating drug delivery systems for glioma therapy still remains a great challenge. In this study, we aimed to design and develop a theranostic nanocomplex with enhanced BBB penetrability and tumor-targeting efficiency for glioma single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging and anticancer drug delivery.Results: This multifunctional nanocomplex was manufactured using branched polyethylenimine (PEI) as a template to sequentially conjugate with methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG), glioma-targeting peptide chlorotoxin (CTX), and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) for 99mTc radiolabeling on the surface of PEI. After the acetylation of the remaining PEI surface amines using acetic anhydride (Ac2O), the CTX-modified PEI (mPEI-CTX) was utilized as a carrier to load chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) in its interior cavity. The formed mPEI-CTX/DOX complex had excellent water dispersibility and released DOX in a sustainable and pH-dependent manner; furthermore, it showed targeting specificity and therapeutic effect of DOX toward glioma cells in vitro and in vivo (a subcutaneous tumor mouse model). Owing to the unique biological properties of CTX, the mPEI-CTX/DOX complex was able to cross the BBB and accumulate at the tumor site in an orthotopic rat glioma model. In addition, after efficient radiolabeling of PEI with 99mTc via DTPA, the 99mTc-labeled complex could help to visualize the drug accumulation in tumors of glioma-bearing mice and the drug delivery into the brains of rats through SPECT imaging.Conclusions: These results indicate the potential of the developed PEI-based nanocomplex in facilitating glioma-targeting SPECT imaging and chemotherapy.

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