scholarly journals Interference: COVID-19 and the Impact on Potential and Performance in Healthcare

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Leslie M. Sizemore ◽  
Shirley Peganoff-O’Brien ◽  
Camille Skubik-Peplaski
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Framework Design ◽  
Support Organizations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Metric Measurement

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has had a significant effect on all aspects of life and occupational performance most recently. OBJECTIVE: This aim of this article was to discuss the concept of interference and the role that interference plays in productivity and potential across healthcare settings. METHODS: The framework design was the application of Bolea and Atwater’s interference framework to probe the COVID-19 pandemic within healthcare organizations. RESULTS: Leadership that focuses on transparency, frequent metric measurement can increase potential and then managing for unintended consequences can foster optimal occupational performance for both the practitioner and client. CONCLUSION: Interference is a critical concept in understanding organizational behavior. Transparent leadership is needed to adequately support organizations to create resilience in the workplace.

scholarly journals Quality improvement through public reporting: The surgeon scorecard – are we there yet?

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Afshin A. Anoushiravani ◽  
Zain Sayeed ◽  
Muhammad T. Padela ◽  
James E. Feng ◽  
Paul Barach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Surgical Performance ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
National Debate ◽  
Patient Advocates ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Knee And Hip Arthroplasty ◽  
The Impact

As national healthcare reform continues to place greater emphasis on providing high value care, measures designed to track clinical performance remain relatively overlooked. To that extent, several organizations have attempted to create objective grading systems to evaluate orthopaedic surgeon quality and performance. While attempting to address these issues, ProPublica’s Surgeon Scorecard has provoked national debate among patient advocates and healthcare providers. The methodology behind the Scorecard was developed at the Harvard School of Public Health with an aim to provide a more robust means of comparing surgical performance and outcomes for patients and healthcare organizations. Currently, the Scorecard assesses eight elective surgical procedures, including total knee and hip arthroplasty, through the use of the Medicare Claims Dataset. The impact of the Scorecard on orthopaedic practice has yet to be established. In this discussion, we analyze the Scorecard from the perspective of various stakeholders to identify its benefits and shortcomings, as well as offer direction for further improvement.

Simulations to AssessMedication Administration Systems

2009 ◽  
pp. 144-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Borycki ◽  
Andre W. Kushniruk ◽  
Shigeki Kuwata ◽  
Hiromi Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
User Behavior ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Medication Administration ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
The Impact

A range of new technologies/information systems are increasingly being used by nurses in healthcare organizations. These technologies/information systems are being implemented in clinical settings in order to reduce errors associated with the medication administration process. At present, few published articles report empirical findings on the effects of using electronic medication administration systems where nurses’ work is concerned. This chapter reports that there are both intended and unintended consequences, associated with implementing such systems in the clinical setting. Simulation methods can be used to assess the impact of integrating new technology/information systems into the nurses’ work environment prior to full-scale implementation of a health technology/information system. Simulations as an evaluative tool emerged from a direct need to assess unintended and intended consequences of health information systems upon nurses’ work before systems are fully implemented. Simulations, as an evaluative methodology, emerged from the cognitive-socio-technical literature. Methods for analyzing workflow and conducting simulations of user behavior can be used to assess and improve the cognitive-socio-technical fit of technologies/information systems. They can be used to identify work and workflow problems (i.e. unintended consequences) involving health technologies/information systems as they are designed, developed, procured, purchased and implemented. Nurse informatician use of simulations to assess and test health technologies/information systems will allow nurses to determine the impact of a new software and/or hardware upon aspects of nurses’ work before its implementation to allow for appropriate system modifications.

The Role of Personality in Organizational Life: Issues and Evidence

1992 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. George
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Behavior Pattern ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Type A Behavior ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Organizational Life ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Life Issues ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

This article is a selective review of important issues, themes, and topics regarding the effects of personality on organizational behavior. Recent literature on the impact of personality on job attitudes and affective states at work is reviewed. Two traits, positive affectivity and negative affectivity, are presented as the key dispositional determinants of affective reactions at work. Criticisms of the dispositional approach are addressed and the integrative perspective of interactional psychology is discussed. The distinction between traits and states is explained and it is shown how states mediate the effects of traits on behavior with states essentially capturing the person-situation interaction. Theorizing and research on person-environment fit, a complementary perspective on person-situation interactions, is discussed, followed by a discussion of the links between personality and three organizationallyrelevant outcomes: prosocial behavior, effort and performance, and leadership. Finally, the links between two personality traits, negative affectivity and the Type A behavior pattern, and work-related distress are elucidated.

Procedural justice and frontline policing: the effects of the police complaints system

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally Galovic ◽  
Philip Birch ◽  
Margaret H. Vickers ◽  
Michael Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Professional Relationships ◽  
Performance Impact ◽  
Content Type ◽  
South Wales ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present results from a qualitative study exploring the complaints system within New South Wales Police Force in Australia. The stories shared illustrate the impact of the complaints system on officers currently serving in this force. The study reveals how the complaints system impacts on both the working conditions and workplace environment of police officers, as well as impacting on the professional relationships amongst each other. Design/methodology/approach – The study is qualitative in design, in which in-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of 14 rank and file police officers. The qualitative analysis draws upon a thematic approach and a direct reference to police officer comments and perspectives are illustrated and used to inform the framework of the discussion and implications for further research in this area. Findings – The findings yield three central themes – “police perceptions of accountability”; “the complaints tool – a question of intra institutional justice”; and “performance impact”. These are discussed in direct relation to what police officers revealed about their experiences and thoughts on the current complaints process in New South Wales. Practical implications – To review the complaints process in order to develop a more transparent process; to recognise the critiques of the complaints process, both by the general public and police officers, as valuable information to be used to inform improving the process; to consider restorative justice practices employed by other police forces as a means of finalising some complaint processes; to develop a more swift complaints process with more timely conclusions in order to minimise long-term issues such as sustained sick leave. Originality/value – This paper examines the link between accountability and performance, and the unintended consequences the complaints process has on police officers at work. This examination is conducted by drawing on current rank and file police officers lived experiences.

‘We’re not run on Numbers, We’re People, We’re Emotional People’: Exploring the experiences and lived consequences of emerging technologies, organizational surveillance and control among elite professionals

Organization ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 135050841989007
Author(s):  
Andrew Manley ◽  
Shaun Williams
Keyword(s):  
Data Analytics ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Contexts ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

The deployment of digital technologies and data analytics within contemporary organizations are continually seeking to capture vast reams of information to shape employee performance and guide behaviour. However, there is a need to further advance our understanding of the effects and unintended consequences of these technologies within differing organizational contexts. Drawing on the experiences of members connected to a UK-based professional Rugby Union club, we focus on the impact of emerging technologies and ubiquitous surveillance practices in governing employee behaviour, shifting workplace boundaries and providing the ability to resist a mode of organizational control governed by data analytics. Specific emphasis is placed upon exposing the lived consequences and tensions that emerge among employees subjected to an intensive mode of organizational surveillance. In doing so, this study highlights the manner in which emerging technologies and surveillance practices may contribute towards feelings of anxiety, precariousness and performance fatigue among their employees. Through this analysis, we aim to provide a critical understanding of managerial and leadership techniques of control, surveillance and knowledge production that may prove relevant for future research in wider organizational settings shaped by technological transformations and new forms of data-driven management.

scholarly journals Impact of Dysfunctional Leadership on Organizational Performance

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Ozgur Savas
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Leadership Behaviors ◽  
Toxic Leadership ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Behavioral Traits ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Negative Leadership ◽  
Positive Traits ◽  
The Impact

Academic and business literature mostly focuses on the positive traits of the leadership. Even though, there is a surge in the number of research papers published on negative leadership behaviors, there is a gap in literatureproviding a review of the impact of dysfunctional (or toxic) leadership practices on organizational culture and performance. In this paper, we are defining the key behavioral traits of dysfunctional leaders, categorise them into authoritarian, narcissist, abusive, unpredictable, Machiavellian leadership styles, and provide an overview of the potential impacts that can be observed in organizational behavior and results.

The Impact of Property Characteristics on Economic Performance of Russian Industrial Enterprises

2005 ◽  
pp. 53-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kapeliushnikov ◽  
N. Demina
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Ownership Concentration ◽  
Corporate Sector ◽  
Concentrated Ownership ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Russian Industry ◽  
Control Premium ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The paper provides new survey evidence on effects of concentrated ownership upon investment and performance in Russian industrial enterprises. Authors trace major changes in their ownership profile, assess pace of post-privatization redistribution of shareholdings and provide evidence on ownership concentration in the Russian industry. The major econometric findings are that the first largest shareholding is negatively associated with the firm’s investment and performance but surprisingly the second largest shareholding is positively associated with them. Moreover, these relationships do not depend on identity of majority shareholders. These results are consistent with the assumption that the entrenched controlling owners are engaged in extracting "control premium" but sizable shareholdings accumulated by other blockholders may put brakes on their expropriating behavior and thus be conductive for efficiency enhancing. The most interesting topic for further more detailed analysis is formation, stability and roles of coalitions of large blockholders in the corporate sector of post-socialist countries.

Aviation and the Microbiome

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 651-661
Author(s):  
Joshua T. Davis ◽  
Hilary A. Uyhelji
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Aviation Safety ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Aerospace Medicine ◽  
Medical Certification ◽  
Physical Disorders ◽  
The Impact

INTRODUCTION: Although the impact of microorganisms on their hosts has been investigated for decades, recent technological advances have permitted high-throughput studies of the collective microbial genomes colonizing a host or habitat, also known as the microbiome. This literature review presents an overview of microbiome research, with an emphasis on topics that have the potential for future applications to aviation safety. In humans, research is beginning to suggest relationships of the microbiome with physical disorders, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease. The microbiome also has been associated with psychological health, including depression, anxiety, and the social complications that arise in autism spectrum disorders. Pharmaceuticals can alter microbiome diversity, and may lead to unintended consequences both short and long-term. As research strengthens understanding of the connections between the microbiota and human health, several potential applications for aerospace medicine and aviation safety emerge. For example, information derived from tests of the microbiota has potential future relevance for medical certification of pilots, accident investigation, and evaluation of fitness for duty in aerospace operations. Moreover, air travel may impact the microbiome of passengers and crew, including potential impacts on the spread of disease nationally and internationally. Construction, maintenance, and cleaning regimens that consider the potential for microbial colonization in airports and cabin environments may promote the health of travelers. Altogether, the mounting knowledge of microbiome effects on health presents several opportunities for future research into how and whether microbiome-based insights could be used to improve aviation safety.Davis JT, Uyhelji HA. Aviation and the microbiome. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(8):651–661.

The Impact of Women’s Employment on Marital Stability in Qatar Society

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Noora Ahmed Lari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Work Motivation ◽  
Marital Stability ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Family Policies ◽  
Insufficient Time ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The State of Qatar has implemented several family policies in order to improve the wellbeing of Qatari families and ensure fair distribution of development benefits for both men and women. However, there is a linkage between female employment outside the home and instability in the marriages of Qatari families. This paper investigates the impact of female employment on marital stability, based on the results of primary data collected in Qatar, a questionnaire that consisted of several sections such as challenges in the workplace, supervisor, family and spouse relations, work motivation and performance. Of the 824 questionnaires that were returned, 807 were completed and valid for analysis. Regression analysis and an ANOVA test have been used to test the relationship between the variables. The results of the research have produced mixed findings about how wives’ employment increases marital instability and have yielded few significant differences on mean scores of discuss on work demands, insufficient time together, housework, financial matters, communication, relatives and rearing children. The results indicates that in general Qatar working women face several challenges in relation to their marital life as part of cultural and social constraints.

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