Development of a valid psychological scale for youth police selection among young unemployed and excluded persons: The nemesis scale

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Miguel Clemente ◽  
Adela Reig-Botella ◽  
Annet de Lange ◽  
Sarah Detaille
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Police Training ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Police Selection ◽  
Recruitment Methods ◽  
Psychological Scale ◽  
New Instrument

BACKGROUND: Youth, unemployment and poverty confirm a set of situations that are often inseparable. An example of this is the case of young people from the Andean coca areas. OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a psychological test that can be used as a predictor of adequate police performance for use in police force recruitment. METHODS: The study comprised a sample of 713 young people, who were selected to join a pre-police training program designed to allow them to subsequently join the Peruvian police force. A new 200-item instrument, called Nemesis, was created. Derogatis’ SCL-90 test was administered to determine the validity of the new instrument. The suitability of the items for the future questionnaire was determined through factor analysis, which reduced the questionnaire to 14 items. Logistic regression was used to determine whether the items on the scale could predict possible admittance into the police training academy. RESULTS: A statistical regression analysis showed that the global percentage of correct predictions exceeded chance by almost 15%. Based on this analysis, the scale was determined to be valid. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed objective of verifying the psychometric properties of the Nemesis scale was fulfilled, as the scale has adequate reliability and validity.

THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS OF SKHOTHANE ON YOUTH’S (UNDER)DEVELOPMENT AT EKURHULENI’S TO WNSHIP(S) OF SOUTH AFRICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Ndwakhulu Tshishonga
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Youth Culture ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Culture Of Poverty ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Cultural Implications ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
Ultimate Purpose

This article examines the socio-economic implications that the controversial sub-culture of skhothane has on the development or underdevelopment of youth at Ekurhuleni and surrounding townships. It interrogates skhothane within the post-modern expressive youth culture. In the township(s) of Ekurhuleni, skhothane is regarded not only as a controversial sub-culture but also as a lifestyle whereby young people compete in acquiring material goods with the ultimate purpose of destroying them. This practice co-exists alongside youth unemployment and underdevelopment which is exacerbated by poverty, rising unemployment and gross inequalities. The author argues that the practice of skhothane sub-culture does not only undermine the policies and programmes aimed at the socio-economic upliftment of young people, but turns the youth into materialistic consumers. In this article, young people are viewed as victims of post-modern lifestyles who are socialised under an intergenerational culture of poverty and underdevelopment. It uses primary data from selected interviews with skhothane members and general members of local communities and secondary sources from books, accredited journals and newspapers.

The Psychometric Properties of the Measure of Adolescent Relationship Harassment and Abuse (MARSHA) With a Nationally Representative Sample of U.S. Youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052098548
Author(s):  
Emily F. Rothman ◽  
Carlos A. Cuevas ◽  
Elizabeth A. Mumford ◽  
Eva Bahrami ◽  
Bruce G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Adolescent Dating ◽  
Dating Abuse ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Adolescent Relationship

This article describes a new instrument that assesses adolescent dating abuse (ADA) victimization and perpetration. The Measure of Adolescent Relationship Harassment and Abuse (MARSHA) is a comprehensive instrument that includes items on physical, sexual, and psychological ADA, as well as cyber dating abuse, social control, and invasion of privacy. Data for this study came from a population-based, nationally representative sample of adolescents ages 11 to 21 years old ( N = 1,257). Exploratory factor analysis was conducted for the victimization and perpetration versions of the MARSHA, and convergent and divergent validity were assessed using the Conflict in Adolescent Dating Relationships Inventory (CADRI) and the juvenile victimization questionnaire (JVQ), respectively. Results suggest that the MARSHA has good reliability and validity, and that each subscale had good internal consistency. The authors propose that the MARSHA may be a strong alternative to the CADRI or the conflict tactics scale (CTS) because it reflects contemporary forms of abuse, such as online harassment and pressure to send nude selfies, and the nonconsensual dissemination of sexually explicit images.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of an Interviewer-Administered Adaptation of the Youth Self-Report for Mental Health Screening of Vulnerable Young People in Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e0147267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Geibel ◽  
Kassahun Habtamu ◽  
Gebeyehu Mekonnen ◽  
Nrupa Jani ◽  
Lynnette Kay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Young People ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Mental Health Screening ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Youth Self Report

scholarly journals HIGHER EDUCATION AND THE GROWTH OF MENIAL JOBS

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
Łukasz Albański
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Iron Cage ◽  
Graduate Unemployment ◽  
Almost All ◽  
University Degree

Young people are confronting a world in which they may not achieve economic strides their parents did. Almost all will have been awarded university degree, worth far less (in the terms and conditions of their employment) than that of their parents, if they themselves graduated from university. In the article the author discusses the relationship between higher education and stratification. The concepts of meritocracy and credentialism are considered and a particular attention is paid to an equal/unequal access to education dilemma. Discussed is why a liberal arts education is losing ground and why it is being made a scapegoat for graduate unemployment. Does the nightmare of Weber’s “iron cage of rationalization” come true and is the contemporary university in the service of an economic order with all the related technical requirements of machine production? In the second part of the article the role of meritocratic discourse and educational credential inflation is considered as well as the growth of menial jobs for young people as a case in Poland. Key words: education at post-secondary level, liberal arts, youth unemployment, inequality, Poland.

scholarly journals Modelling of Social Policy and Initiatives under COVID-19: Rural NEET Youth Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Giedrė Kvieskienė ◽  
Ilze Ivanova ◽  
Karmen Trasberg ◽  
Viktorija Stasytytė ◽  
Eglė Celiešienė
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Rural Regions

NEET (Not in Education, Employment, or Training) youth rates in Europe are generally higher in rural regions than in urban areas and the share in rural regions is constantly increasing. During the COVID-19 pandemic, young people became even more vulnerable as they experienced social exclusion and mental health problems. The objective of this paper is to analyse NEET youth-related statistics in Europe and distinguish positive initiatives for young people in rural areas of the Baltic countries to encourage positive emotions and willingness to learn. Statistical analysis and case study methods were employed. Data on youth unemployment, NEET youth by age and gender, and poverty and social exclusion of young people, is analysed. Social policy initiatives in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, mainly from rural municipalities, are presented and discussed. This research determines the key issues related to NEET youth and proposes initiatives to overcome existing problems among young people. Such social initiatives aim to promote positive social emotions of youth, promote their inclusion in society, and foster regional sustainability.

scholarly journals The impacts of pre-apprenticeship training for young people

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Dorsett ◽  
Lucy Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Apprenticeship Training ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
Average Impact ◽  
Unobserved Preferences ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Instrumental Variable Approach

Apprenticeships are the key means by which the UK government aims to build skills and tackle the problem of youth unemployment. However, not all young people are able to secure an apprenticeship. Traineeships, a voluntary six-month programme of work placements and work preparation training, were introduced in England in 2013 to help equip young people with the skills and experience required to secure an apprenticeship or employment. The analysis in this paper uses linked administrative data on the population of trainees and a comparison sample of non-trainees to evaluate the impact of the programme on employment and apprenticeships. It uses a local instrumental variable approach, which allows selection into a traineeship to be influenced by unobserved preferences and for impacts to vary according to these preferences. The heterogeneous impacts can be aggregated to form an estimate of the average impact of treatment for all participants. The results show no overall impact on employment for younger trainees (16-18 year-olds) but an across-the-board positive impact on the probability of becoming an apprentice. For older trainees (19-23 year-olds), no significant impact on either employment or apprenticeships is evident among participants as a whole but the results suggest that, for those more resistant to participating, traineeships may actually reduce the probability of becoming an apprentice. These results confirm the effectiveness of traineeships as a means of facilitating apprenticeships among younger people. As such, they support the policy target of achieving 3 million apprenticeships by 2020.

#6751 WHY WE NEED TO ACHIEVE AN INTERNATIONALLY AGREED AGE DEFINITION OF THE ‘NEET’ GROUP

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter ◽  
Mpho Ngoepe
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Significant Variation ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
International Variation ◽  
Specific Target ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Age Cohort ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Made In

Internationally, significant variation exists between the use and application of the term ‘NEET’ (not in education, employment or training) to define levels of economic and social exclusion among groups of young people. It depends on the situation, and/or the context in which the term is applied. The term draw attention to unacceptably high levels of youth unemployment and economic inactivity, as well as the scarring consequences this may have on young people’s lives. The use of the term ‘NEET’ has faced a number of international challenges, including the age cohort to which the term is applied. This varies from one organisation to another, and the specific target group assigned and the variability of meaning of the term ‘NEET ‘itself. This paper aims to provide a review of the shifting and changing age cohort included within the NEET category since its inception in the 1990s. The study utilises an Entity-Related Diagram to demonstrate the international variation that now exists. Recommendations are made in order to maximise the deployment of a standardised definition of NEET, in order to achieve some commonality of understanding about how we measure and define ‘NEEThood’, and crucially, in developing and applying policy responses to address their needs.

Which countries perform best and why?

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-90
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Labour Market Situation ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Youth Labour Market ◽  
Market Situation ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
The Uk

This chapter examines countries' performance regarding youth unemployment. Although the labour market situation of young people has started to improve in a number of countries since the Great Recession of 2007–8, youth unemployment still remains very high across Europe. High youth unemployment rates reflect young people's difficulties in securing employment, or the inefficiency of the labour market. Germany and the Netherlands have established the most effective institutions to achieve a high integration of 15–19 year-olds in education and employment. Indeed, both Germany and the Netherlands are amongst the highest performing countries in the EU for making sure their young people are in employment. Austria and Denmark also achieve good youth labour market and employment outcomes. Meanwhile, countries like France and the UK try to facilitate school-to-work (STW) transitions by lowering labour costs through subsidies or low employment protection.

Self-Administered Version of the Stevens Placement Readiness Scale

1986 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-330
Author(s):  
Walter D. Tropf ◽  
Cheryl E. Green
Keyword(s):  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
The Self ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Satisfactory Approximation ◽  
Original Scale

A self-administered version of the Stevens Placement Readiness Scale is presented. Reliability and validity of the self-administered scale were assessed and the new instrument was a satisfactory approximation of the original scale.

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