Coping on the inside: Design for therapeutic incarceration interventions - a case study

Work ◽

10.3233/wor-203360 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Amy Wagenfeld ◽

Daniel Winterbottom

Keyword(s):

Pacific Northwest ◽

Design Studio ◽

Health And Wellbeing ◽

Interdisciplinary Design ◽

Outdoor Spaces ◽

The Pacific ◽

Women's Prison ◽

Design Skills ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Objective Outcomes

BACKGROUND: Adjusting to incarceration is traumatic. An under-utilized strategy understood to buffer and counteract the negative impacts of incarceration are nature interventions. OBJECTIVE: Outcomes of an interdisciplinary design studio course focused on developing masterplans for a women’s prison in the Pacific Northwest (US) are presented. Course objectives included comprehension and application of therapeutic and culturally expressive design principles to increase the benefits of environmental design within a carceral setting; collaboration, developing a deeper, more representative understanding of how design processes can improve the lives of marginalized populations; and enhancing design skills, including at masterplan and schematic scale using an iterative process and reflection. METHODS: A landscape architect, occupational therapist, and architect teaching team, with support from architects and justice specialists facilitated an elective design studio course to redesign the Washington Corrections Center for Women campus. RESULTS: In a ten-week academic quarter, six student design teams created conceptual masterplans for therapeutic outdoor spaces at the Washington Corrections Center for Women. Students presented their plans to prison staff, current and ex-offenders, and architects and landscape architects in practice, and then received positive feedback. CONCLUSION: Despite well-documented need for and value of nature interventions to improve health and wellbeing for everyone regardless of circumstance or situation, the project awaits administrative approval to move forward to installation.

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Developing a Management Strategy for Little Cherry Disease: The Case of Washington State

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-12-18-2235-sr ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 103 (9) ◽

pp. 2184-2190

Author(s):

Suzette P. Galinato ◽

R. Karina Gallardo ◽

Elizabeth H. Beers ◽

Andrea J. Bixby-Brosi

Keyword(s):

Pacific Northwest ◽

Management Strategy ◽

Sweet Cherry ◽

Prunus Avium ◽

Washington State ◽

Correct Identification ◽

Insect Vectors ◽

The Pacific ◽

Negative Impacts

Little cherry disease (LCD) threatens the long-term economic sustainability of the Pacific Northwest sweet cherry (Prunus avium) industry. Results from a series of partial budget analyses indicate that additional investments in monitoring, testing, spraying to control for insect vectors, and removing infected trees are lower than the reduced profit losses compared with the do-nothing scenario. Also, management can prevent or lessen the negative impacts of higher little cherry virus (Velarivirus little cherry virus 1, Ampelovirus little cherry virus 2) spread rates. Our findings illustrate the importance of prevention, correct identification, and controlling for insect vectors in preventing the dissemination of LCD, for which the only known treatment is tree removal.

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Polyethylene and Biodegradable Plastic Mulches for Strawberry Production in the United States: Experiences and Opinions of Growers in Three Regions

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech04393-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (5) ◽

pp. 619-628 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jessica R. Goldberger ◽

Lisa W. DeVetter ◽

Katherine E. Dentzman

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Pacific Northwest ◽

The United States ◽

Biodegradable Plastic ◽

Environmental Research ◽

Plastic Mulch ◽

Specialty Crops ◽

The Pacific ◽

Financial Investments ◽

Negative Impacts

Although agricultural plastic mulches can have significant horticultural benefits for specialty crops such as strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa), there can also be significant economic and environmental costs. In particular, polyethylene (PE) plastic mulch requires labor and financial investments for removal and disposal. Micro- or nanoparticles may persist in soil and negatively affect microbial activity, physical soil properties, and nutrient availability. A possible alternative to PE mulch is biodegradable plastic mulch, which has similar horticultural benefits but does not need to be removed from the field at the end of the growing season. Biodegradable plastic mulch can be tilled into the soil, where it is converted by soil microorganisms into water, carbon dioxide, and microbial biomass. Although horticultural and environmental research into the impacts of PE and biodegradable plastic mulch is ongoing, it is also important to understand farmers’ practices and perceptions related to these mulches. We conducted a survey of strawberry growers in three growing regions of the United States: California, the Pacific Northwest, and the Mid-Atlantic. Our results indicate several regional differences, with California farmers being more likely to have used biodegradable plastic mulch, and growers from California and the Pacific Northwest being more likely to perceive negative impacts of PE mulch compared with growers in the Mid-Atlantic. Regardless of region, a majority of growers were interested in learning more about biodegradable plastic mulch. We conclude with several suggestions for biodegradable plastic mulch development and outreach that may promote strawberry growers’ adoption of this technology.

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Feedlots of the Sea: Movement Frames and Activist Claims in the Protest over Salmon Farming in the Pacific Northwest

Humanity & Society ◽

10.1177/016059761103500402 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 343-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Anthony E. Ladd

Keyword(s):

Pacific Northwest ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Wild Salmon ◽

Salmon Farming ◽

Local Stakeholder ◽

Marine Habitats ◽

The Pacific ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

The Individual ◽

Fish And Shellfish

In the face of declining oceanic fisheries throughout the world, industrial aquaculture and corporate fish farming have become the fastest growing sector of the global food industry, accounting for nearly half of all the fish and shellfish consumed by humans today. Despite its contribution to food production, however, the rapid growth of aquaculture has launched an anti-fish farming movement composed of scientists, environmental NGOs, fishers, native peoples, and coastal residents who oppose the industry's negative socio-environmental effects on marine habitats, indigenous fish stocks and cultures, as well as commercial and recreational fisheries. This article examines the growing environmental controversy over the collapse of wild salmon populations and the rise of salmon farming production in the Pacific Northwest, as well as the negative impacts of the aquaculture industry on the region. Drawing on movement literature and documents, as well as interviews with local stakeholder activists in Washington State and British Columbia, I provide a qualitative analysis of the collective action frames of the anti-salmon farming movement and the degree to which the diagnostic, prognostic, and motivational frames identified in movement discourse are aligned with the individual frames of movement activists. I conclude with some sociological implications of these findings for the usefulness of frame analysis research, the dynamics of the protest over salmon farming, and the future direction of ocean aquaculture and wild salmon.

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