Linkage between machine power utilization and ergonomics, with reference to reducing exertions at work

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 949-957
Author(s):  
Abdollah Hayati ◽  
Afshin Marzban
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Human Energy ◽  
Rate Sensor ◽  
Working Heart

BACKGROUND: Despite mechanization development, leafy vegetable cultivation (LVC), as a labor-intensive activity in both developed and developing countries, still suffers from heavy physical activities. OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated the human physiological strains of LVC’s workers to identify relationships among contributing factors affecting human physiological strains. METHODS: Thirty male workers were included in this study. Working heart rate (HR) was measured using a heart rate sensor during various operations. The time taken to treat a known area was measured using a stopwatch to calculate work speed (or field capacity (FC)) for each operation. Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to investigate the relationships among HR, heart rate ratio, FC and mechanization status (MS), and human energy expenditure rate and total energy expenditure per unit area. RESULTS: The highest HR was at seedbed preparing (120.1 beats/min) and lowest at manual harvesting (87.8 beats/min). Manual hoe-used operations (seedbed preparing, manure application and irrigating) were demonstrated as the critical operations concerning physiological strains. The operations performed by machine power corresponded to a high FC. CONCLUSIONS: Variables influencing the area treating speed (i.e. MS and FC) are negatively linked to the human energy consumed per unit area and variable changed in time unit (i.e. HR) was positively linked to the human energy expenditure speed.

scholarly journals Investigating the effect of the body mass index (BMI) values on the behavior of human energy expenditure

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sugiono Sugiono ◽  
Sudjito Suparman ◽  
Teguh Oktiarso ◽  
Willy Satrio
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Rest Heart Rate ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Recovery Phase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Human Energy

Employee durability is a critical factor to improve a company performance. Company management must control employee health conditions. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of office worker’s BMI variation on human energy expenditure behavior including the recovery process. This study started with literature reviews of BMI, human biology, energy expenditure, and physiology ergonomics. The data was collected randomly from 126 nonphysical office workers in productive ages from 20 to 40 years old. The BMI, resting heart rate, activity heart rate, and recovery heart rate of all respondents then recorded. The results shows that the respondents BMI scores are classified into underweight (BMI <18.5) with totaling = 4%, healthy weight (18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 22.9) = 34.1%, light obesity (23 ≤ BMI ≤ 24.9) = 23%, medium obesity (25 ≤ BMI ≤ 29.9) = 29.4%, and weight obesity (BMI> 30) = 9.5%. The underweight class has the lowest average rest heart rate = 68.6 bpm and the overweight class has the highest average rest heart rate = 84.6 bpm. Consequently, heart rate during activity for each class from underweight to overweight is 88.4 bpm, 90.9 bpm, 93.3 bpm, 95.1 bpm, and 98.6 bpm. With the same order, the heart rate reduction percentage during the recovery phase is 4.6%, 11.0%, 13.1%, 16.0%, and 8.8%. In brief, the BMI variation strongly correlated with Time to Recovery (TTR) of nonphysical office workers.

The effect of treadmill slope on the relationship between heart rate and energy expenditure in cattle walking on treadmills

1986 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Sneddon
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Working Heart

SummaryTwo steers (Bos indicus and Bos indicus x Bos taurus) were acclimatized to an ambient temperature of 30 °C before working at this temperature on two treadmills (gradients 0 and 6°) for 2 h (one on each treadmill) whilst carrying a load equivalent to 10% of body weight. The study was then repeated at an ambient temperature of 15 °C. The effect of variation between animals, ambient temperature and rate of energy expenditure were tested on the linear regression model EEw = A PHR + B (where EEw is the energy expenditure (w/kg0·75) and PHR is the percentage increase of working heart rate over resting heart rate).Animal and ambient temperature had no significant effect on the model. The gradient of the regression line was significantly greater (P < 0·01) when the animals were expending energy at the higher rate (about 30 W/kg live weight0·75) than when they were expending energy at the lower rate (about 14 W/kg live weight0·75).

scholarly journals Physiological changes in cycle rickshaw pullers after strenuous exercise

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Debashis Manna ◽  
Sridhar Thakur ◽  
Chandan K Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Working Heart

Background: Cycle Rickshaw is a human-powered transportation device. A large number of people remain engaged in the occupation of pulling cycle rickshaw. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess nutritional status of the cycle rickshaw pullers and their workload by working heart rate and energy expenditure. Methods and Materials: Eighteen rickshaw pullers and eleven control subjects were selected after clinical examination. Subjects were asked to pull the rickshaw in two phases - phase 1 (before lunch) and phase 2 (after lunch) each of 3 cycles of 15 min duration each followed by 15 min rest with two passengers. Heart rate was recorded continuously using a heart rate monitor. Average working heart rate (AWHR), peak working heart rate (PWHR) and energy expenditure (EE) were calculated. Maximal heart rate (HRmax) was also recorded in the laboratory. The control subjects were allowed to work in a cycle ergometer in the laboratory. Results: There was no significant difference between the mean values of rickshaw pullers and those of control subjects in relation to age, BMI, fat% and HRmax (beats/min). The AWHR, PWHR and EE values of rickshaw pullers showed the workload as ‘heavy’ to ‘very heavy’ category. Conclusion: The result of the study will be beneficial for cycle rickshaw pullers, health administrators and manufacturers of cycle rickshaw.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v2i2.6567 International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, Vol 2. No 2 (2012) 23-26 

scholarly journals Drudgery reduction in operation of cleaner-cum-grader: An ergonomic intervention 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.R. Potdar ◽  
P.S. Tiwari ◽  
Prabhakar Shukla ◽  
Anurag Patel ◽  
Bikram Jyoti
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Output Capacity ◽  
Eccentric Shaft ◽  
Human Energy ◽  
Type Machine ◽  
Cardiac Cost ◽  
Working Heart ◽  
Rotary Device ◽  
Rotary Type ◽  
Ergonomic Intervention

A pedal-operated cleaner-cum-grader having common bicycle chain-sprocket mechanism to get the speeds of 240 and 720 rpm of eccentric shaft and blower shaft, respectively for the desired cleaning/grading of grains was developed earlier by CIAE, Bhopal. Also, in order to utilize the human energy in more efficient way through pedalling mode, CIAE has recently developed a dynapod. The dynapod is a pedal operated rotary device, which can be used as an interface between human worker and any rotary-type machine. The developed dynapod was used to operate the cleaner-cum-grader to assess the drudgery reduction in its operation in comparison to original pedalling mechanism. The dynapod was interfaced with the cleaner-cum-grader by carrying out minor modifications in the original unit. Eight male agricultural workers with mean stature and weight as 168.4 cm and 54.4 kg, respectively participated in the study. The cleaner-cum-grader was used for cleaning and grading of soybean grains. Heart rate of the workers was measured during operation of cleaner-cum-grader using the dynapod as well as the original pedalling mechanism. Mean working heart rate during operation of machine with original pedalling mechanism was 114 beats min-1 as against 108 beats min-1 in case of pedalling with dynapod. The work pulse (ÄHR) with the original pedalling mechanism was 35 beats min-1 as against 29 beats min-1 during pedalling with dynapod. The output capacity of the machine increased from 303 kg h-1 in case of original pedalling mechanism to 345 kg h-1 with dynapod. Considering the cardiac cost as well as output of the machine, the drudgery reduction by using dynapod with cleaner-cum-grader was about 25.4% as compared to the original pedalling mechanism.

Application of cross-sectional time series modeling for the prediction of energy expenditure from heart rate and accelerometry

2008 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1665-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Issa Zakeri ◽  
Anne L. Adolph ◽  
Maurice R. Puyau ◽  
Firoz A. Vohra ◽  
Nancy F. Butte
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Random Slopes

Accurate estimation of energy expenditure (EE) in children and adolescents is required for a better understanding of physiological, behavioral, and environmental factors affecting energy balance. Cross-sectional time series (CSTS) models, which account for correlation structure of repeated observations on the same individual, may be advantageous for prediction of EE. CSTS models for prediction of minute-by-minute EE and, hence, total EE (TEE) from heart rate (HR), physical activity (PA) measured by accelerometry, and observable subject variables were developed in 109 children and adolescents by use of Actiheart and 24-h room respiration calorimetry. CSTS models based on HR, PA, time-invariant covariates, and interactions were developed. These dynamic models involve lagged and lead values of HR and lagged values of PA for better description of the series of minute-by-minute EE. CSTS models with random intercepts and random slopes were investigated. For comparison, likelihood ratio tests were used. Log likelihood increased substantially when random slopes for HR and PA were added. The population-specific model uses HR and 1- and 2-min lagged and lead values of HR, HR2, and PA and 1- and 2-min lagged values of PA, PA2, age, age2, sex, weight, height, minimum HR, sitting HR, HR × height, HR × weight, HR × age, PA × weight, and PA × sex interactions ( P < 0.001). Prediction error for TEE was 0.9 ± 10.3% (mean ± SD). Errors were not correlated with age, weight, height, or body mass index. CSTS modeling provides a useful predictive model for EE and, hence, TEE in children and adolescents on the basis of HR and PA and other observable explanatory subject characteristics of age, sex, weight, and height.

Factors Affecting the Relation Between Heart Rate and Energy Expenditure During Exercise

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 438-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiilloskorpi ◽  
Fogelholm ◽  
Laukkanen ◽  
Pasanen ◽  
Oja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Can We Trust Inertial and Heart Rate Sensor Data from an APPLE Watch Device?

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Hugo G. Espinosa ◽  
David V. Thiel ◽  
Matthew Sorell ◽  
David Rowlands
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Step Counting ◽  
Rate Sensor

The use of wearable technologies for the monitoring of human movement has increased considerably in the past few years, with applications to sports and other physical activities. Energy expenditure, walking and running distance, step count, and heart rate are some of the metrics provided by such devices via smart phone applications. Most of the research studies have involved validating the accuracy and reliability of the activity monitors by using the post-processed data from the device. The aim of this preliminary study was to determine if we can trust sensor data obtained from an Apple watch. This study evaluated the pre-processed data from the watch through step counting and heart rate measurements, and compared it with known validated devices (in-house 9DOF inertial sensor and Polar H10TM). Repeated activities (walking, jogging, and stair climbing) of varying duration and intensity were conducted by participants of varying age and body mass index (BMI). Pearson correlation (r > 0.95) and Bland–Altman statistical analyses were applied to the data to determine the level of agreement between the validated devices and the watch. The sensors from the Apple watch counted steps and measured heart rate with a minimum error and performed as expected.

Relationship between Invasive and Non-Invasive Hemodynamic Measures in Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Vicente Benavides-Córdoba ◽  
Mauricio Palacios Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Non Invasive

Introduction: Animal models have been used to understand the pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension, to describe the mechanisms of action and to evaluate promising active ingredients. The monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension model is the most used animal model. In this model, invasive and non-invasive hemodynamic variables that resemble human measurements have been used. Aim: To define if non-invasive variables can predict hemodynamic measures in the monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension model. Materials and Methods: Twenty 6-week old male Wistar rats weighing between 250-300g from the bioterium of the Universidad del Valle (Cali - Colombia) were used in order to establish that the relationships between invasive and non-invasive variables are sustained in different conditions (healthy, hypertrophy and treated). The animals were organized into three groups, a control group who was given 0.9% saline solution subcutaneously (sc), a group with pulmonary hypertension induced with a single subcutaneous dose of Monocrotaline 30 mg/kg, and a group with pulmonary hypertension with 30 mg/kg of monocrotaline treated with Sildenafil. Right ventricle ejection fraction, heart rate, right ventricle systolic pressure and the extent of hypertrophy were measured. The functional relation between any two variables was evaluated by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: It was found that all correlations were statistically significant (p <0.01). The strongest correlation was the inverse one between the RVEF and the Fulton index (r = -0.82). The Fulton index also had a strong correlation with the RVSP (r = 0.79). The Pearson correlation coefficient between the RVEF and the RVSP was -0.81, meaning that the higher the systolic pressure in the right ventricle, the lower the ejection fraction value. Heart rate was significantly correlated to the other three variables studied, although with relatively low correlation. Conclusion: The correlations obtained in this study indicate that the parameters evaluated in the research related to experimental pulmonary hypertension correlate adequately and that the measurements that are currently made are adequate and consistent with each other, that is, they have good predictive capacity.

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