Development and implementation of a logic model: Occupational stress, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in the workplace

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-213
Author(s):  
Wendell C. Taylor ◽  
Bhibha M. Das ◽  
Raheem J. Paxton ◽  
Ross Shegog ◽  
Richard R. Suminski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Logic Model ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Intermediate Outcomes

BACKGROUND: An increasing level of occupational stress is a major problem in the workplace that requires innovative approaches and strategies. An understudied research area pertains to the effects that physical activity performed during the workday have on occupational stress. OBJECTIVE: To determine if and how an intervention that increases physical activity and reduces sedentary behavior affects workplace stress. The population of interest are employees at a large university medical center including supportive staff, healthcare professionals, physicians, and faculty members; the study design is longitudinal; the approach is the implementation of an innovative workplace program (i.e., the Booster Break). METHODS: We present a logic model promoting physical activity and reducing sitting time during the workday as a feasible and practical strategy to cope with occupational stress. RESULTS: The logic model approach emphasizes that funding, partnerships, and incentives are inputs to implementing program activities such as Booster Break sessions, weekly meetings, social support, and personal self-monitoring. Short-term outcomes were categorized as psychosocial, goal setting, organizational, and social; intermediate outcomes were behavioral and psychosocial; and long-term outcomes were health status and physiological status. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first known effort to outline a comprehensive intervention based on changing physical activity and sedentary behavior during the workday and the concomitant effects on occupational stress. The findings of this study can be used to develop and implement interventions at workplaces to target increases in physical activity, decreases in sedentary time, and improvements in overall employee health.

Development and implementation of a logic model: Occupational stress, physical activity, and sedentary behavior in the workplace

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Wendell C. Taylor ◽  
Bhibha M. Das ◽  
Raheem J. Paxton ◽  
Ross Shegog ◽  
Richard R. Suminski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Logic Model

Individual, Social, and Neighborhood Associations With Sitting Time Among Veterans

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Millstein ◽  
Katherine D. Hoerster ◽  
Dori E. Rosenberg ◽  
Karin M. Nelson ◽  
Gayle Reiber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Time Factors ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Chronic Disease Burden ◽  
Neighborhood Level

Background:Sedentary behavior is an increasingly recognized health risk factor, independent of physical activity. Although several correlates of sedentary behavior are known, little research has identified them among U.S. veterans, a population that faces disproportionate chronic disease burden.Methods:A survey was mailed to 1997 randomly selected veterans at a large urban Veterans Affairs medical center in 2012 and remailed in 2013 to nonresponders, resulting in a 40% response rate. We examined individual-, social-, and neighborhood-level factors in association with self-reported sitting time. Factors correlated with sitting time at P < .05 were included in a multiple linear regression model.Results:In the multivariate model, higher depression (B = 7.8), body mass index (B = 5.1), functional impairment (B = 4.2), and self-rated health (B = 68.5) were significantly associated with higher sitting time, and leisure time physical activity (B = –0.10) and being employed (B = –71.3) were significantly associated with lower sitting time.Conclusions:Individual-level, but not social- and neighborhood-level, variables were associated with sitting time in this population. This study identified individual-level targets for reducing sitting time and improving overall health among veterans.

scholarly journals Trends in Self-Reported Sitting Time by Physical Activity Levels Among US Adults, NHANES 2007/2008–2017/2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S74-S83
Author(s):  
Emily N. Ussery ◽  
Geoffrey P. Whitfield ◽  
Janet E. Fulton ◽  
Deborah A. Galuska ◽  
Charles E. Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Active Adults

Background: High levels of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity increase the risk of premature mortality and several chronic diseases. Monitoring national trends and correlates of sedentary behavior and physical inactivity can help identify patterns of risk in the population over time. Methods: The authors used self-reported data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2007/2008–2017/2018) to estimate trends in US adults’ mean daily sitting time, overall, and stratified by levels of leisure-time and multidomain physical activity, and in the joint prevalence of high sitting time (>8 h/d) and physical inactivity. Trends were tested using orthogonal polynomial contrasts. Results: Overall, mean daily sitting time increased by 19 minutes from 2007/2008 (332 min/d) to 2017/2018 (351 min/d) (Plinear < .05; Pquadratic < .05). The highest point estimate occurred in 2013/2014 (426 min/d), with a decreasing trend observed after this point (Plinear < .05). Similar trends were observed across physical activity levels and domains, with one exception: an overall linear increase was not observed among sufficiently active adults. The mean daily sitting time was lowest among highly active adults compared with less active adults when using the multidomain physical activity measure. Conclusions: Sitting time among adults increased over the study period but decreased in recent years.

Abstract MP92: Sedentary Behavior: Do Television-viewing and Total Time Sitting Measure the Same Component?

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A McGrane Minton ◽  
Kelly Thevenet-Morrison ◽  
I. Diana Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Television Viewing ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Tv Viewing

Background: Sedentary behaviors (SB) are activities associated with prolonged time periods of sitting, reclining, or laying down during waking hours. While the relation between SB and physical activity is complex, the common consensus is that SB is not the absence of physical activity and consists of its own determinants posing distinct health outcomes. These behaviors are of significant public health importance as the majority of Americans spend much of their days in SB and due to the increased risks of morbidity and mortality associated with SB. Adverse health outcomes associated with SB include cardiovascular disease, obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and mortality. Television-viewing time and total sitting time have both been used widely to assess time spent in SB and therefore we hypothesize that TV-viewing time and total hours sitting will have high concordance and can be used interchangeably to represent sedentary behaviors. Methods: Using a sample (n = 2858) from the Images of a Healthy Worksite study, a group-randomized control trial involving nutrition and physical activity, the current study assessed how two different tools measured time spent in SB. Tertiles were created based upon the distribution of hours sitting and hours spent TV-vewing. Weighted Kappa statistics were used to measure concordance between hours of TV-viewing and total hours of time spent sitting for the entire sample and for subgroup analyses. Results: Weighted Kappa statistics for tertiles of hours sitting and tv hours were 0.0046, indicating little agreement on the television and the sitting items. Kappa w statistics for BMI categories also showed poor agreement (obese Kappa w = 0.02, overweight Kappa w = 0.002, and healthy subjects Kappa w = 0.006. The Kappa w statistics for males and females were -0.006 and 0.02, respectively. Kappa w statistics for the intervention group (Kappa w = 0.007) and for the control group (Kappa w = 0.0005) also showed little agreement. Conclusions: These results suggest that although commonly used, using television viewing time and total time spent sitting as interchangeable markers of SB, is not a valid assumption. We propose that total time spent sitting and hours spent television-viewing represent different domains within the construct of sedentary behavior. It is important for future researchers to use measures of sedentary behavior that capture the numerous domains involved in measuring SB to allow for the most sensitive measurement of this high-risk behavior.

Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and incidence of obstructive sleep apnea in three prospective US cohorts

2021 ◽  
pp. 2100606
Author(s):  
Yue Liu ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Meir J. Stampfer ◽  
Susan Redline ◽  
Shelley S. Tworoger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Metabolic Factors ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Watching Tv

Reduced physical activity and increased sedentary behavior may independently contribute to development of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) through increased adiposity, inflammation, insulin resistance and body fluid retention. However, epidemiologic evidence remains sparse, and is primarily limited to cross-sectional studies.We prospectively followed 50 332 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (2002–2012), 68 265 women from the Nurses’ Health Study II (1995–2013), and 19 320 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1996–2012). Recreational physical activity (quantified by metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-hours/week) and sitting time spent watching TV and at work/away from home were assessed by questionnaires every 2–4 years. Physician-diagnosed OSA was identified by validated self-report. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for OSA incidence associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior.During 2 004 663 person-years of follow-up, we documented 8733 incident OSA cases. After adjusting for potential confounders, the pooled HR for OSA comparing participants with ≥36.0 versus <6.0 MET-hours/week of physical activity was 0.46 (95% CI: 0.43, 0.50; ptrend<0.001). Compared with participants spending <4.0 h/week sitting watching TV, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) was 1.78 (1.60, 1.98) for participants spending ≥28.0 h/week (ptrend<0.001). The comparable HR (95% CI) was 1.49 (1.38, 1.62) for sitting hours at work/away from home (ptrend<0.001). With additional adjustment for several metabolic factors including BMI and waist circumference, the associations with physical activity and sitting hours at work/away from home were attenuated but remained significant (ptrend<0.001), whereas the association with sitting hours watching TV was no longer statistically significant (ptrend=0.18).Higher levels of physical activity and fewer sedentary hours were associated with lower OSA incidence. The potential mediating role of metabolic factors in the association between sedentary behavior and OSA incidence may depend on type of sedentary behavior. Our results suggest that promoting an active lifestyle may reduce OSA incidence.

scholarly journals Association between leisure-time physical activity and sedentary behavior with cardiometabolic health in the ELSA-Brasil participants

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211982708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco José Gondim Pitanga ◽  
Sheila Maria Alvim Matos ◽  
Maria da Conceição C. Almeida ◽  
Ana Luísa Patrão ◽  
Maria del Carmen Bisi Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Adult Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Levels

Objectives: To assess associations, both individually and in combination, between leisure-time physical activity and sedentary behavior, and cardiometabolic health. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 13,931 civil servants participating in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Leisure-time physical activity was analyzed using the leisure-time domain of the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire, while questions related to cumulative sitting time and leisure-based screen time on a weekday and on one day on the weekend were used to establish sedentary behavior. Data analysis was performed using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Following adjustment for confounding variables, high levels of leisure-time physical activity and low levels of sedentary behavior were both associated with favorable cardiometabolic health markers in both genders. When these two factors were analyzed in conjunction, taking the combination of low levels of leisure-time physical activity and high levels of sedentary behavior as the reference, the inverse associations with cardiometabolic variables became even more significant. Conclusion: High levels of leisure-time physical activity and low levels of sedentary behavior were both inversely associated with the cardiometabolic variables analyzed; however, the two variables when evaluated in conjunction appear to produce more consistent associations, particularly when sedentary behavior is evaluated according to leisure-based screen time.

Physical Activity and Sitting Time Are Specifically Associated With Multiple Chronic Diseases and Medicine Intake in Brazilian Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 608-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex S. Ribeiro ◽  
Luiz C. Pereira ◽  
Danilo R.P. Silva ◽  
Leandro dos Santos ◽  
Brad J. Schoenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
Older Men And Women ◽  
Multiple Chronic Diseases

The purpose of the study was to clarify the independent association between sedentary behavior and physical activity with multiple chronic diseases and medicine intake in older individuals. Sedentary behavior and physical activity were measured by questionnaires. Diseases and medication use were self-reported. Poisson’s regression was adopted for main analysis, through crude and adjusted prevalence ratio and confidence interval of 95%. For men, sedentary time >4 hr/day presented a 76% higher prevalence of ≥2 chronic diseases, while physical inactivity increases the likelihood of using ≥2 medicines in 95%. For women, sedentary behavior >4 hr/day presented an 82% and 43% greater prevalence for ≥2 chronic diseases and the intake of ≥2 medicines, respectively. Sedentary behavior represents an independent associated factor of multiple chronic diseases in older men and women. In addition, inactivity for men and sedentarism for women are associated with the amount of medicine intake.

scholarly journals Workers’ physical activity data contribute to estimating maximal oxygen consumption: a questionnaire study to concurrently assess workers’ sedentary behavior and cardiorespiratory fitness

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Matsuo ◽  
Rina So ◽  
Masaya Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys

Abstract Background Sedentary behavior (SB) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are important issues in occupational health. Developing a questionnaire to concurrently assess workers’ SB and CRF could fundamentally improve epidemiological research. The Worker’s Living Activity-time Questionnaire (WLAQ) was developed previously to assess workers’ sitting time. WLAQ can be modified to evaluate workers’ CRF if additional physical activity (PA) data such as PA frequency, duration, and intensity are collected. Methods A total of 198 working adults (93 women and 105 men; age, 30–60 years) completed anthropometric measurements, a treadmill exercise test for measuring maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), and modified WLAQ (m-WLAQ, which included questions about PA data additional to the original questions). Multiple regression analyses were performed to develop prediction equations for VO2max. The generated models were cross-validated using the predicted residual error sum of squares method. Among the participants, the data of 97 participants who completed m-WLAQ twice after a 1-week interval were used to calculate intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the test–retest reliability analyses. Results Age (r = − 0.29), sex (r = 0.48), body mass index (BMI, r = − 0.20), total sitting time (r = − 0.15), and PA score (total points for PA data, r = 0.47) were significantly correlated with VO2max. The models that included age, sex, and BMI accounted for 43% of the variance in measured VO2max [standard error of the estimate (SEE) = 5.04 ml·kg− 1·min− 1]. These percentages increased to 59% when the PA score was included in the models (SEE = 4.29 ml·kg− 1·min− 1). Cross-validation analyses demonstrated good stability of the VO2max prediction models, while systematic underestimation and overestimation of VO2max were observed in individuals with high and low fitness, respectively. The ICC of the PA score was 0.87 (0.82–0.91), indicating excellent reliability. Conclusions The PA score obtained using m-WLAQ, rather than sitting time, correlated well with measured VO2max. The equation model that included the PA score as well as age, sex, and BMI had a favorable validity for estimating VO2max. Thus, m-WLAQ can be a useful questionnaire to concurrently assess workers’ SB and CRF, which makes it a reasonable resource for future epidemiological surveys on occupational health.

scholarly journals Assessment of Sedentary Behavior With the International Physical Activity Questionnaire

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (s1) ◽  
pp. S30-S44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dori E. Rosenberg ◽  
Fiona C. Bull ◽  
Alison L. Marshall ◽  
James F. Sallis ◽  
Adrian E. Bauman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Population Surveillance ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Time Activity ◽  
Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

Purpose:This study explored definitions of sedentary behavior and examined the relationship between sitting time and physical inactivity using the sitting items from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).Methods:Participants (N = 289, 44.6% male, mean age = 35.93) from 3 countries completed self-administered long- and short-IPAQ sitting items. Participants wore accelero-meters; were classified as inactive (no leisure-time activity), insufficiently active, or meeting recommendations; and were classified into tertiles of sitting behavior.Results:Reliability of sitting time was acceptable for men and women. Correlations between total sitting and accelerometer counts/min <100 were significant for both long (r = .33) and short (r = .34) forms. There was no agreement between tertiles of sitting and the inactivity category (kappa = .02, P = .68).Conclusion:Sedentary behavior should be explicitly measured in population surveillance and research instead of being defined by lack of physical activity.

How Sedentary Are Older People? A Systematic Review of the Amount of Sedentary Behavior

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet A. Harvey ◽  
Sebastien F.M. Chastin ◽  
Dawn A. Skelton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Data Source

Background/objectives:Sedentary behavior (SB), defined as sitting (nonexercising), reclining, and lying down (posture), or by low energy expenditure, is a public health risk independent to physical activity. The objective of this systematic literature review was to synthesize the available evidence on amount of SB reported by and measured in older adults.Data source:Studies published between 1981 and 2014 were identified from electronic databases and manual searching. Large-scale population studies/surveys reporting the amount of SB (objective/subjective) in older adults aged ≥ 60 years of age were included. Appraisal and synthesis was completed using MOOSE guidelines.Results:349,698 adults aged ≥ 60 within 22 studies (10 countries and 1 EU-wide) were included. Objective measurement of SB shows that older adults spend an average of 9.4 hr a day sedentary, equating to 65–80% of their waking day. Self-report of SB is lower, with average weighted self-reports being 5.3 hr daily. Within specific domains of SB, older adults report 3.3 hr in leisure sitting time and 3.3 hr watching TV. There is an association with more time spent in SB as age advances and a trend for older men to spend more time in SB than women.Conclusion/implications:Time spent sedentary ranges from 5.3–9.4 hr per waking day in older adults. With recent studies suggesting a link between SB, health, and well-being, independent of physical activity, this is an area important for successful aging.Limitations:Different methodologies of measurement and different reporting methods of SB made synthesis difficult. Estimated SB time from self-report is half of that measured objectively; suggesting that most self-report surveys of SB will vastly underestimate the actual time spent in SB.

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