scholarly journals Global patent statistical analysis for drug testing technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 415-425
Author(s):  
Ling Wang ◽  
Xu Zhi ◽  
Haokun Ke ◽  
Sainan Lv ◽  
Ning He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Testing ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Patent Application ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Drug Detection ◽  
Country Ownership ◽  
Testing Technology

BACKGROUND: In recent decades, illicit drug testing has become a high priority area in law enforcement and forensic analysis. OBJECTIVE: Since patents are the largest source of technical information in the world, patent database analysis for illicit drug testing is extremely important to effectively promote the development and protection of the related intellectual property rights. METHODS: In the present study, we first retrieve a database of 1732 drug detection patents using keywords and logical expressions related to the title, abstract, and claims, and subsequently discuss the current global patent statistics in detail. RESULTS: The relevant patent information is presented, including patent application quantity, filing country, ownership, and technical field. CONCLUSIONS: Finally, we summarize the current development trend in drug testing and propose several suggestions focused on the bottleneck of analytical techniques.

scholarly journals Progress of the applications of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in illicit drug detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-309
Author(s):  
Ronglu Dong ◽  
Shaofei Li ◽  
Dongyue Lin ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Liangbao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Drug Detection ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman

scholarly journals Detection of intrauterine illicit drug exposure by newborn drug testing

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tai C Kwong ◽  
Rita M Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Drug Exposure ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Gastric Lavage ◽  
Toxicological Screening ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Urine Testing

Abstract Identification of intrauterine drug-exposed newborns with toxicological screening may have benefits including close follow-up of the infant by both medical and social services. Applying specific written guidelines to select newborns for drug testing decreases bias and protects the physicians and hospitals involved. All drugs reported as positive should be confirmed by an appropriate second test. Urine and meconium testing are the best current options for identifying drug-exposed neonates. Urine testing sensitivity is low because of problems encountered in urine collections and the high thresholds used in current urine assays. The disadvantage to meconium testing is the increased labor and time required to work with this material. Testing of newborn hair is unlikely to be widely used until technically less demanding assays become available. Testing of amniotic fluid or gastric lavage is still in the developmental stages. Adopting lower urine assay thresholds for newborn samples would increase sensitivity and would be an appropriate modification of current methodologies.

Terahertz biochip for illicit drug detection

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ja-Yu Lu ◽  
Li-Jin Chen ◽  
Tzeng-Fu Kao ◽  
Hsu-Hao Chang ◽  
Chi-Kuang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Drug Detection

Designing an in-field system for illicit drug detection using X-ray diffraction

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Koutalonis ◽  
E.J. Cook ◽  
J.A. Griffiths ◽  
J.A. Horrocks ◽  
C. Gent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Illicit Drug ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Drug Detection ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Field System

Klaipėdos mokinių požiūris į narkomanijos problemą

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Dalia Jurgaitienė ◽  
Diana Šopagienė
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
General Education ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Drug Problem ◽  
Professional Schools ◽  
Drug Detection ◽  
Illegal Drug Use ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Training Schools

The aim is to examine students‘ views of Klaipeda in drug addiction and drug detection tests. Completed an anonymous questionnaire of general education and vocational training schools survey. Total of 544 questionnaires were used for analysis: 276 questionnaires from general education and 268 from vocational education schools. 48.7 percent of them were boys and 51.3 percent girls . Respondents‘ average age: 17.6 from general education and 18.4 from professional schools. The article discusses how students evaluate drug problem in Lithuania politically, morally, economically, and socially. Also, there were discussed, what are the causes of teenage drug use. The second part attempts to explore how students evaluate the drug detection tests. It was found that 44.3 percent boys and 41.5 percent girls agree that students should be tested for illegal drug use. 39.8 percent boys and 18.8 percent girls do not agree, but 15.9 percent boys and 18.8 percent girls do not have an opinion on this issue. More than half of students think that their parents would prefer that the school would be school drug testing. 79.6 percent students believe that schools should eliminate drugs - spread students and 48.2 percent and drug-using students.

Helminth ova control in sludge: a review

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 147-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Local Characteristics ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Common

Sludge reuse for agricultural production or soil reclamation is a common practice in several countries, but it entails risks if not properly performed. One such risk is the dissemination of helminthiases diseases. As a consequence, international criteria and national standards set values to limit their content in biosolids. However, little information is available on how to inactivate helminth ova from sludge, particularly when a high content is involved as is the case in the developing world. Moreover, treatment criteria are based on a limited number of studies dealing with local characteristics that, when applied to the conditions in developing countries, produce poor results. This is because design criteria were developed for Ascaris (a kind of helminth) while sludge contains a variety of genera. In addition, much information on helminth ova was produced a long time ago using inaccurate analytical techniques. This paper summarizes research and recent technical information from the literature concerning: (a) the general characteristics of helminth ova; (b) the common helminth ova genera found in sludge; (c) the main removal and inactivation mechanisms, (d) the processes that have proven effective in practical conditions at inactivating helminth ova; and (e) analytical techniques used to enumerate these pathogens.

Illicit drug detection with laser 1: investigation of optimal parameters in stomach tissue

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 057006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysen Gürkan Özer ◽  
Hasim Özgür Tabakoglu ◽  
Salih Cengiz
Keyword(s):  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Drug Detection ◽  
Stomach Tissue

The Role of Drugs in Workplace Injuries: Is Drug Testing Appropriate?

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Testing ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Workplace Injuries ◽  
The Relationship

In the past decade, many employers have adopted drug-testing programs to reduce workplace injuries. However, little scientific evidence shows that drug use is a significant and substantial cause of total workplace injuries. The purpose of this study was to empirically assess the role of drugs and alcohol in causing workplace injuries. Questionnaires were received from 882 Ontario employees in a household survey. Results showed that many variables were significantly related to job injuries. The variables were ranked according to the relative importance of each variable's contribution to total job injuries. Alcohol problems, licit drug use, and illicit drug use ranked 7, 11, and 12 respectively among a group of 12 significant variables. In order to examine the likelihood that drug use was a cause of job injuries, the relationship between job injuries and alcohol problems, licit drug use, and illicit drug use was examined across categories of third variables. For age, the relationship between drug use and injuries remained strong for the youngest age group, but disappeared for the oldest age group. Logistic regression analysis confirmed the plausibility of noncausal explanations of job injuries for illicit drug use, but not for alcohol problems or licit drug use. Overall, the results indicated that illicit drug use does not appear to be a major cause of job injuries. The implications of these results for drug-testing programs are discussed.

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