scholarly journals Making EHRs Reusable: A Common Framework of Data Operations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Pedrera ◽  
Noelia Garcia ◽  
Paula Rubio ◽  
Juan Luis Cruz ◽  
José Luis Bernal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Extraction ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Secondary Use ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Transformation Processes ◽  
Iso 13606

Reuse of EHRs requires data extraction and transformation processes are based on homogeneous and formalized operations in order to make them understandable, reproducible and auditable. This work aims to define a common framework of data operations for obtaining EHR-derived datasets for secondary use. Thus, 21 operations were identified from different data-driven projects of a 1,300-beds tertiary Hospital. Then, ISO 13606 standard was used to formalize them. This work is the starting point to homogenize ETL processes for the reuse of EHRs, applicable to any condition and organization. In future studies, defined data operations will be implemented and validated in projects of different purposes.

scholarly journals How is avalanche danger described in textual descriptions in avalanche forecasts in Switzerland? Consistency between forecasters and avalanche danger

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 3879-3897
Author(s):  
Veronika Hutter ◽  
Frank Techel ◽  
Ross S. Purves
Keyword(s):  
Data Driven ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Avalanche Size ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Efficient Communication ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Danger Level ◽  
Avalanche Danger

Abstract. Effective and efficient communication of expected avalanche conditions and danger to the public is of great importance, especially where the primary audience of forecasts are recreational, non-expert users. In Europe, avalanche danger is communicated using a pyramid, starting with ordinal levels of avalanche danger and progressing through avalanche-prone locations and avalanche problems to a danger description. In many forecast products, information relating to the trigger required to release an avalanche, the frequency or number of potential triggering spots, and the expected avalanche size is described exclusively in a textual danger description. These danger descriptions are, however, the least standardized part of avalanche forecasts. Taking the perspective of the avalanche forecaster and focusing particularly on terms describing these three characterizing elements of avalanche danger, we investigate first which meaning forecasters assign to the text characterizing these elements and second how these descriptions relate to the forecast danger level. We analyzed almost 6000 danger descriptions in avalanche forecasts published in Switzerland and written using a structured catalogue of phrases with a limited number of words. Words and phrases representing information describing these three elements were labeled and assigned to ordinal classes by Swiss avalanche forecasters. These classes were then related to avalanche danger. Forecasters were relatively consistent in assigning labels to words and phrases with Cohen's kappa values ranging from 0.64 to 0.87. Avalanche danger levels were also described consistently using words and phrases, with for example avalanche size classes increasing monotonically with avalanche danger. However, especially for danger level 2 (moderate), information about key elements of avalanche danger, for instance the frequency or number of potential triggering spots, was often missing in danger descriptions. In general, the analysis of the danger descriptions showed that extreme conditions are described in more detail than intermediate values, highlighting the difficulty of communicating conditions that are neither rare nor frequent or neither small nor large. Our results provide data-driven insights that could be used to refine the ways in which avalanche danger could be communicated. Furthermore, through the perspective of the semiotic triangle, relating a referent (the avalanche situation) through thought (the processing process) to symbols (the textual danger description), we provide an alternative starting point for future studies of avalanche forecast consistency and communication.

scholarly journals Integration of various scales for measurement of insomnia

2021 ◽  
pp. 263208432110100
Author(s):  
Satyendra Nath Chakrabartty
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Weighted Sum ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Normal Probability ◽  
Equivalent Test ◽  
Item Scores ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Levels

Background Scales for evaluating insomnia differ in number of items, response format, and result in different scores distributions and score ranges and may not facilitate meaningful comparisons. Objectives Transform ordinal item-scores of three scales of insomnia to continuous, equidistant, monotonic, normally distributed scores, avoiding limitations of summative scoring of Likert scales. Methods Equidistant item-scores by weighted sum using data-driven weights to different levels of different items, considering cell frequencies of Item-Levels matrix, followed by normalization and conversion to [1, 10]. Equivalent test-scores (as sum of transformed item- scores) for a pair of scales were found by Normal Probability curves. Empirical illustration given. Results Transformed test-scores are continuous, monotonic and followed Normal distribution with no outliers and tied scores. Such test-scores facilitate ranking, better classification and meaningful comparison of scales of different lengths and formats and finding equivalent score combinations of two scales. For a given value of transformed test-score of a scale, easy alternate method avoiding integration proposed to find equivalent scores of another scales. Equivalent scores of scales help to relate various cut-off scores of different scales and uniformity in interpretations. Integration of various scales of insomnia is achieved by finding one-to-one correspondence among the equivalent score of various scales with correlation over 0.99 Conclusion Resultant test-scores facilitated undertaking analysis in parametric set up. Considering the theoretical advantages including meaningfulness of operations, better comparison, use of such method of transforming scores of Likert items/test is recommended test and items, Future studies were suggested.

scholarly journals A publicly available repository of ROH islands reveals signatures of selection in different livestock and pet species

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Gorssen ◽  
Roel Meyermans ◽  
Steven Janssens ◽  
Nadine Buys
Keyword(s):  
Association Studies ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Snp Data ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Signatures Of Selection

Abstract Background Runs of homozygosity (ROH) have become the state-of-the-art method for analysis of inbreeding in animal populations. Moreover, ROH are suited to detect signatures of selection via ROH islands and are used in other applications, such as genomic prediction and genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Currently, a vast amount of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data is available online, but most of these data have never been used for ROH analysis. Therefore, we performed a ROH analysis on large medium-density SNP datasets in eight animal species (cat, cattle, dog, goat, horse, pig, sheep and water buffalo; 442 different populations) and make these results publicly available. Results The results include an overview of ROH islands per population and a comparison of the incidence of these ROH islands among populations from the same species, which can assist researchers when studying other (livestock) populations or when looking for similar signatures of selection. We were able to confirm many known ROH islands, for example signatures of selection for the myostatin (MSTN) gene in sheep and horses. However, our results also included multiple other ROH islands, which are common to many populations and not identified to date (e.g. on chromosomes D4 and E2 in cats and on chromosome 6 in sheep). Conclusions We are confident that our repository of ROH islands is a valuable reference for future studies. The discovered ROH island regions represent a unique starting point for new studies or can be used as a reference for future studies. Furthermore, we encourage authors to add their population-specific ROH findings to our repository.

WHY SOME YARROWIA LIPOLYTICA STRAINS SECRET CITRIC ACID TO THE MEDIUM?

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Robak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Strain Development ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Metabolism Regulation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Check Points ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Strain Dependent

Despite many studies, the “check points” of metabolic regulation of citric acid (CA) secretion by the yeasts Y.lipolytica still remain unknown. In this manuscript, some possible aspects of strain dependent secretion as well as CA metabolism regulation were discussed. Keys enzymes’ activities, substrate concentration, affinity of the uptake systems, intracellular CA concentration and strains abilities were the main points taken into consideration. The direction for the future studies emerged from this review, mainly connected to cellular and mitochondrial citrate transport systems and cellular substrates transporters (glucose, fructose, glycerol, ethanol and acetate), give promising starting point for future efficient strain development.

Informed Evaluation of Pathology Residency Programs

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 853-858
Author(s):  
Rebecca F. Yorke
Keyword(s):  
Web Sites ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Pathology Training ◽  
Pathology Education

Abstract Objectives.—To identify resources and summarize important issues in anatomic and clinical pathology training and to assist the pathology resident candidate in evaluating potential training programs. Data Sources.—Published guides for medical residency applicants, recent literature discussing pathology education, and World Wide Web sites. Study Selection.—Resources perceived by the author as valuable for the pathology resident candidate. Data Extraction.—Key issues in pathology education are identified. Data Synthesis.—Issues are discussed from the perspective of a pathology resident candidate, and resources for further information are provided. Conclusions.—The pathology residency candidate faces unique challenges in the residency search process because of the breadth of pathology training and the limited exposure to the practice of pathology in medical school. General guides for residency applicants include little discussion of pathology-specific issues. Recent literature discussing pathology education is fragmented but provides invaluable insights for resident candidates. This review seeks to identify a wide variety of issues and resources as a starting point for evaluating potential training programs.

Effective Surveillance Management during Service Encounters

2017 ◽  
pp. 118-139
Author(s):  
Angelo Bonfanti
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Service Encounters ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Management Perspective ◽  
Service Oriented

This chapter aims to theoretically examine effective surveillance management (ESM) during service encounters within the servicescape and provide a conceptual framework for the study of this topic in a service management perspective. It analyses antecedents, dimensions and effects of ESM. This study especially proposes as antecedents both improving customer service experience along with meeting customers' need for security and implementing a surveillance service-oriented strategy that includes secure and safe servicescape design, deterrent communication, and trained and motivated security staff. This chapter suggests also that the dimensions of ESM (customer-physical service environment encounters, customer-technological surveillance systems encounters, and customer-security staff encounters) contribute to enhancing service quality, experience quality, and staff productivity. The integration of these dimensions, antecedents, and effects create a theoretically grounded framework that can serve as a starting point for future studies about this topic in the field of service management.

scholarly journals Lessons learned in the use of clinical registry data in a multi-centre prospective study: the Pediatric Heart Network Residual Lesion Score Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 930-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol J. Prospero ◽  
Felicia L. Trachtenberg ◽  
Victoria L. Pemberton ◽  
Sara K. Pasquali ◽  
Brett R. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Registry Data ◽  
Lesion Score ◽  
Clinical Registry ◽  
Score Study ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Center Staff ◽  
Residual Lesion

AbstractBackground:Using existing data from clinical registries to support clinical trials and other prospective studies has the potential to improve research efficiency. However, little has been reported about staff experiences and lessons learned from implementation of this method in pediatric cardiology.Objectives:We describe the process of using existing registry data in the Pediatric Heart Network Residual Lesion Score Study, report stakeholders’ perspectives, and provide recommendations to guide future studies using this methodology.Methods:The Residual Lesion Score Study, a 17-site prospective, observational study, piloted the use of existing local surgical registry data (collected for submission to the Society of Thoracic Surgeons-Congenital Heart Surgery Database) to supplement manual data collection. A survey regarding processes and perceptions was administered to study site and data coordinating center staff.Results:Survey response rate was 98% (54/55). Overall, 57% perceived that using registry data saved research staff time in the current study, and 74% perceived that it would save time in future studies; 55% noted significant upfront time in developing a methodology for extracting registry data. Survey recommendations included simplifying data extraction processes and tailoring to the needs of the study, understanding registry characteristics to maximise data quality and security, and involving all stakeholders in design and implementation processes.Conclusions:Use of existing registry data was perceived to save time and promote efficiency. Consideration must be given to the upfront investment of time and resources needed. Ongoing efforts focussed on automating and centralising data management may aid in further optimising this methodology for future studies.

High-tech workplace tools are key to winning the war for talent

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-180
Author(s):  
Jacob McNulty
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Expansion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Productive Work ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Good Starting Point ◽  
War For Talent

Purpose With HR now at the center of efforts to address the talent crisis, how can HR strategists best deploy their resources to help their organizations to rise to the challenge? Design/methodology/approach Data-driven digital solutions can be a good starting point for discovering what’s working with existing employees. A new breed of high-tech tools are giving HR departments the means to more thoroughly and actionably understand the factors that attract, retain and drive away quality employees. Findings Based on data from these tools, HR teams can design inviting, engaging and productive work environments. Originality/value The struggle to attract and retain quality talent in the workplace is real, it is escalating and it has landed right at the doorstep of HR departments. It is perhaps the most pressing priority they – and their entire organizations – must confront to keep pace in the ongoing US economic expansion.

A Proposal for a System of Classification for Anthroposophic Meditation

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Terje Sparby
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Rudolf Steiner ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Contemporary Science ◽  
Activity Sequence ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Close Textual Analysis ◽  
External Conditions

Background: The investigation of the specific connections between different techniques of meditation and their respective effects depends upon a classification of the meditative activity involved. Universal systems of classification need to be developed based both on traditional sources and contemporary science. In this article, a system of classification for anthroposophical meditation is proposed. Methods: The system was developed from a close textual analysis of meditation instructions given by Rudolf Steiner. The system of classification arising from the investigation was compared to three other classificatory systems that have recently been suggested. Results: The analysis resulted in a system of classification with two main branches: (1) the shared features of anthroposophical meditation and (2) the different aspects of specific anthroposophical meditations. The first branch contains the following sub-categories: understanding, internal conditions, external conditions, sequence, timeframe and dealing with hindrances. The second branch contains: source, aim, activity, sequence and timeframe. Other systems of classification tend to leave out the dimension of the meditative activity. Conclusion: The proposed classification system can be used as a starting point for further refinements of the classification of anthroposophic meditation, but it can also be used as a standard for future studies of the connections between different meditations and their effects.

Entrepreneurial academics: a taxonomy with Latent Profile Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 3346-3363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gouveia Rodrigues ◽  
João J.M. Ferreira ◽  
Teresa Felgueira
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Latent Profile

Purpose The need for dynamic and innovative skills and the importance of resources and individuals in pursuit of new opportunities prove to be extremely vital for the higher education institutions (HEI). The purpose of this paper is to develop a taxonomy of academics from HEI, based on their individual entrepreneurial orientation (EO). Design/methodology/approach The population in study was composed of teachers and researchers from worldwide HEI. The data collection was conducted through a questionnaire sent by an e-mail and the authors used the I-ENTRE-U scale to identify entrepreneurial-oriented teachers and researchers from HEI. A Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify profiles of researchers with similar values in four EO dimensions. Findings The study allowed the authors to identify five profiles of researchers: downers, achievers, followers, defenders and rebels. Research limitations/implications The results can be an important starting point for other researchers and practitioners hoping to evaluate academics’ EO in a higher education sector. The taxonomy also allows wider predictions about the behaviour of the profile members of profiles and relates it with other variables such as performance. Further contributions may be added by extending the data gathering from different geographical areas and/or different academic contexts, such that future studies could apply other LPA techniques and compare the results. Originality/value Only few studies have focussed on individual EO of scientists/academics, considering different national and regional contexts. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study that develops a taxonomy of academics from HEI, based on their individual EO.

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