scholarly journals Beyond the FAIRness of COVID-19 Data: What about Quality?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Pecoraro ◽  
Daniela Luzi
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
National Level ◽  
Epidemic Spread ◽  
National Institutions ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Share Data ◽  
Fair Principles

Different datasets have been deployed at national level to share data on COVID-19 already at the beginning of the epidemic spread in early 2020. They distribute daily updated information aggregated at local, gender and age levels. To facilitate the reuse of such data, FAIR principles should be applied to optimally find, access, understand and exchange them, to define intra- and inter-country analyses for different purposes, such as statistical. However, another aspect to be considered when analyzing these datasets is data quality. In this paper we link these two perspectives to analyze to what extent datasets published by national institutions to monitor diffusion of COVID-19 are reusable for scientific purposes, such as tracing the spread of the virus.

THE EVOLUTION OF STUDIES ON BUSINESS LOCATION FACTORS

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 1550023 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHARISIA VLACHOU ◽  
OLGA IAKOVIDOU
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
National Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Location Factors ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quantitative Survey ◽  
Business Location ◽  
National Institutions

Entrepreneurship has been widely considered as the power that drives development and well-being in the regions it affects. As a result, local, regional and national institutions, as well as researches in different disciplines, have focused on finding and researching the factors leading to the installation of business on a certain location. Therefore, it seems well-timed to present a quantitative survey of the literature review of this field. The scope of this article is to present past and present research studies related to the business location factors (BLF) identifying the most important sub-topics, contributors and their geographical distribution, major outlets, main empirical methodologies employed, as well as the most frequently studied countries. The presentation and documentation of the existing literature review could be a valuable tool for policy makers in the regional and national level, as well as for active entrepreneurs and researchers engaged in relevant academic disciples. Policy makers could take advantage of the BLF to attract investments in regions seeking development while active entrepreneurs could realize the important role played by the factors affecting the location of their business in a specific place and researchers could trace and fill in potential research voids on this subject.

scholarly journals Incidence and prevalence of psoriatic arthritis in Denmark: a nationwide register linkage study

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 1591-1597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Egeberg ◽  
Lars Erik Kristensen ◽  
Jacob P Thyssen ◽  
Gunnar Hilmar Gislason ◽  
Alice B Gottlieb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Certolizumab Pegol ◽  
National Level ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Biologic Agents ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Gender And Age

ObjectivesTo examine the incidence and temporal trends of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in the general population in Denmark.MethodsUsing nationwide registry data, we estimated the number of patients with incident PsA within each 1-year period between 1997 and 2011 and calculated the rate of PsA cases within gender and age subgroups. Incidence rates were presented per 100 000 person-years.ResultsThere was a female predominance ranging from 50.3% (1998) to 59.2% (2010), and the mean age at time of diagnosis was 47–50 years. We identified a total of 12 719 patients with PsA (prevalence=0.22%), including 9034 patients where the PsA diagnosis was made by a rheumatologist (prevalence=0.16%). Incidence rates of PsA (per 100 000 person-years) increased from 7.3 in 1997 to a peak incidence of 27.3 in 2010. Incidence rates were highest for women and patients aged 50–59 years, respectively. The use of systemic non-biologic agents, that is, methotrexate, leflunomide, ciclosporin or sulfasalazine increased over the 15-year study course and were used in 66.3% of all patients. Biologic agents (etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, golimumab or ustekinumab) were used in 17.7% of patients with PsA.ConclusionsWe found a clear trend of rising PsA incidence on a national level. While the cause remains unclear, our findings might be explained by increased attention by patients and physicians.

scholarly journals Laying the Groundwork for Developing International Community Guidelines to Effectively Share and Reuse Digital Data Quality Information – Case Statement, Workshop Summary Report, and Path Forward

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ge Peng ◽  
Carlo Lacagnina ◽  
Robert R. Downs ◽  
Ivana Ivanova ◽  
David F. Moroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
International Community ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Summary Report ◽  
Workshop Summary ◽  
Fair Principles ◽  
Case Statement

This document provides background for and summarizes main takeaways of a workshop held virtually to kick off the development of community guidelines for consistently curating and representing dataset quality information in a way that is in line with the FAIR principles.

scholarly journals The Evolution of National Spatial Data Infrastructure in Pakistan - Implementation Challenges and the Way Forward

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
National Level ◽  
Stakeholder Analysis ◽  
Grid Method ◽  
Distributed Environment ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Institutional Issues ◽  
Share Data ◽  
Data Infrastructures

Geospatial data are produced by several organizations located at various places, and that is clearly a distributed environment. Many technical and institutional issues need to be resolved to share data in such an environment and to eventually enable regional development. For this matter, many countries implement Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) for the last 40 years. Since 2010, also Pakistan is striving to implement an SDI at the national level (NSDI). However, so far, the promised benefits have not yet been achieved. This study explores the evolution of the NSDI in Pakistan from 2010 till 2020 to reveal what kind of challenges the country is facing. Given the importance of stakeholders' support for the implementation of SDIs, we conducted a stakeholder analysis and a dedicated survey. We adopted the power-interest grid method to classify stakeholders' interests based on their authority to influence the NSDI development. Among other, the results show that stakeholders’ low participation due to insufficient technological, financial, and human resources impedes NSDI implementation efforts in the country.

Managers Reports of Automated Coding System Adoption and Effects on Data Quality

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (03) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Jameson ◽  
D. P. Lorence
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
National Level ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Automated Classification ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Automated Coding ◽  
Performance Benchmarks

Summary Objective: Assessment of the adoption of automated classification (encoder) systems in healthcare settings and related effects on perceived data quality. Methods: Survey of all U.S. accredited medical records managers, summarizing their reports of automated encoding systems and data quality change following adoption of systems. Results: Significant improvement in data was seen from adoption of automated encoding systems, though variation existed across regions and key demographic variables. Conclusion: At a national level, there is a need to minimize data quality variation and ensure some degree of nationwide uniformity in the performance of coding systems. If healthcare providers are expected to trust coded data for comparative purposes, there will be a like need for more uniform and standardized system-based performance benchmarks.

scholarly journals Perceptions and experiences with district health information system software to collect and utilize health data in Bangladesh: A qualitative exploratory study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmina Begum ◽  
Shaan Muberra Khan ◽  
Bridgit Adamou ◽  
Jannatul Ferdous ◽  
Muhammad Masud Parvez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
National Level ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Health Management Information System ◽  
District Health ◽  
Implementation Framework

Abstract Background: Accurate and high-quality data are important for improving program effectiveness and informing policy.In 2009 Bangladesh’s health management information system (HMIS) adopted the District Health Information Software, Version 2 (DHIS2) to capture real-time health service utilization data. However, routinely collected data are being underused because of poor data quality and reporting. We aimed to understand the facilitators and barriers to implementing DHIS2 as a way to retrieve meaningful and accurate data for reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (RMNCAH) services. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in two districts of Bangladesh from September 2017 to 2018. Data collection included key informant interviews (n=11), in-depth interviews (n=23), and focus group discussions (n=2). The study participants were involved with DHIS2 implementation from the community level to the national level. The data were analyzed thematically.Results: DHIS2 could improve the timeliness and completeness of data reporting over time. The reported facilitating factors were strong government commitment, extensive donor support, and positive attitudes toward technology among staff. Quality checks and feedback loops at multiple levels of data gathering points are helpful for minimizing data errors. Introducing a dashboard makes DHIS2 compatible to use as a monitoring tool. Barriers to effective DHIS2 implementation were lack of human resources, slow Internet connectivity, frequent changes to DHIS2 versions, and maintaining both manual and electronic system side-by-side. The data in DHIS2 remains incomplete because it does not capture data from private health facilities. Having two parallel HMIS reporting the same RMNCAH indicators threatens data quality and increases the reporting workload. Conclusion: The overall insights from this study are expected to contribute to the development of effective strategies for successful DHIS2 implementation and building a responsive HMIS. Focused strategic direction is needed to sustain the achievements of digital data culture. Periodic refresher trainings, incentives for increased performance, and an automated single reporting system for multiple stakeholders could make the system more user-friendly. A national electronic health strategy and implementation framework can facilitate creating a culture of DHIS2 use for planning, setting priorities, and decision making among stakeholder groups.

Data quality and FAIR principles applied to marine litter data in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 112965
Author(s):  
Elena Partescano ◽  
Maria Eugenia Molina Jack ◽  
Matteo Vinci ◽  
Alexia Cociancich ◽  
Alessandro Altenburger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
Fair Principles

scholarly journals Surveillance of Healthcare-Associated Bloodstream and Urinary Tract Infections in a National Level Network of Indian Hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s398-s399
Author(s):  
Purva Mathur ◽  
Paul Malpiedi ◽  
Kamini Walia ◽  
Rajesh Malhotra ◽  
Padmini Srikantiah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
National Level ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Utilization Ratio ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a major global threat to patient safety. Systematic surveillance is crucial for understanding HAI rates and antimicrobial resistance trends and to guide infection prevention and control (IPC) activities based on local epidemiology. In India, no standardized national HAI surveillance system was in place before 2017. Methods: Public and private hospitals from across 21 states in India were recruited to participate in an HAI surveillance network. Baseline assessments followed by trainings ensured that basic microbiology and IPC implementation capacity existed at all sites. Standardized surveillance protocols for central-line–associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) were modified from the NHSN for the Indian context. IPC nurses were trained to implement surveillance protocols. Data were reported through a locally developed web portal. Standardized external data quality checks were performed to assure data quality. Results: Between May 2017 and April 2019, 109 ICUs from 37 hospitals (29 public and 8 private) enrolled in the network, of which 33 were teaching hospitals with >500 beds. The network recorded 679,109 patient days, 212,081 central-line days, and 387,092 urinary catheter days. Overall, 4,301 bloodstream infection (BSI) events and 1,402 urinary tract infection (UTI) events were reported. The network CLABSI rate was 9.4 per 1,000 central-line days and the CAUTI rate was 3.4 per 1,000 catheter days. The central-line utilization ratio was 0.31 and the urinary catheter utilization ratio was 0.57. Moreover, 3,542 (73%) of 4,742 pathogens reported from BSIs and 868 (53%) of 1,644 pathogens reported from UTIs were gram negative. Also, 1,680 (26.3%) of all 6,386 pathogens reported were Enterobacteriaceae. Of 1,486 Enterobacteriaceae with complete antibiotic susceptibility testing data reported, 832 (57%) were carbapenem resistant. Of 951 Enterobacteriaceae subjected to colistin broth microdilution testing, 62 (7%) were colistin resistant. The surveillance platform identified 2 separate hospital-level HAI outbreaks; one caused by colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae and another due to Burkholderia cepacia. Phased expansion of surveillance to additional hospitals continues. Conclusions: HAI surveillance was successfully implemented across a national network of diverse hospitals using modified NHSN protocols. Surveillance data are being used to understand HAI burden and trends at the facility and national levels, to inform public policy, and to direct efforts to implement effective hospital IPC activities. This network approach to HAI surveillance may provide lessons to other countries or contexts with limited surveillance capacity.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals Eight year longitudinal study of cataract surgeries in an urban Indian population

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 2514
Author(s):  
Snehal Nadkarni ◽  
Priti Patil ◽  
Nobhojit Roy ◽  
Martin Gerdin ◽  
Prashant Bhandarkar
Keyword(s):  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Electronic Patient Records ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Urban Indian ◽  
Similar Range

Background: The aim was to study cataract surgery incidence in an urban community of 100,000 peoples in Mumbai.Methods: A retrospective observational community based study was performed for the period from January 01, 2008 to December 31, 2015. Electronic patient records were used to track surgeries performed in the members of community. Mid-year community census was considered as baseline population to estimate gender specific and age specific incidence of cataract surgery. Logistic regression was performed assuming gender and age-group as independent variables.Results: The rate of cataract extraction surgery varies from 786 to 952 surgeries per 100,000 per year. 6971 cataract surgeries were recorded with an overall average of 872/100,000/years. Increase in age was strongly associated with increase in incidence of cataract surgery and peak incidence was recorded for age group of 66–70 years. The odds of having surgery were similar in females and males 1.012 (95% CI 0.952 - 1.077).Conclusions: This study documented the rate of 872 cataract surgeries per year in an Indian population over eight years. Average incidence is found in the similar range of studies published from United States and Sweden. This community-based estimates of cataract surgery are useful for planning and managing resources at the national level.

scholarly journals Facilitating data for decision making to improve Health Management Information Systems reporting at four supported sites in Uganda

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Kanakulya ◽  
Carol Kyozira ◽  
Paul Kaduyu ◽  
Rose Mukisa
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Address Data ◽  
Share Data ◽  
Reported Data

Aims: To share Data for Decision-Making (DDM) initiatives used across health service sites supported by USAID-funded Fistula Care Plus (FC+) Project at EngenderHealth. Methods: FC+ and the HMIS Department at the Ministry of Health conducted a DQA at four supported sites in Jinja, Hoima, Masaka and Kamuli to verify whether reported data was consistent with facility registers. A qualitative assessment identified other data quality/capacity issues. The team worked with facility staff from October 2016 to March 2018 to address data and capacity gaps, including capacity building, feedback through DDM meetings, development of DDM committees, and support to action plans developed during the DQA exercise. Results: 60%-80% of which were implemented. Three sites set programmatic targetsfor2017-2018 and shared them to facilitate better resource allocation. Three sites used data visualization. All sites made critical decisions based on data they generated, such as timely maternal death audits, forecasting and re-supply of HMIS tools. There was improved data accuracy, with scores on indicators of acceptable data quality increasing at Kamuli from 45% to 60%, Jinja from 9% to 33%, Kitovu from 60% to 83%, and Hoima 4 % to 23%. Conclusions: These results demonstrate the value of and effective strategies for promoting pragmatic data use among those who collect clinical data, going beyond the traditional use of data for reporting purposes only.

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