Spontaneous Intestinal Perforation Associated with Premature Twin Infants

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
U. Prasad ◽  
A. Mohnani ◽  
N. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Birth Date ◽  
Regression Result ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Result ◽  
Univariate Analyses ◽  
Spontaneous Intestinal Perforation

OBJECTIVE: Identify perinatal risk factors associated with SIP STUDY DESIGN: This was a retrospective case-control study of SIP in infants born at ≤28 weeks of gestation and admitted between 1995 and 2016 at a tertiary care NICU. Infants with NEC or other GI abnormalities were excluded. Cases of SIP were matched with gestational age-matched controls with the closest birth date. Maternal, infant and birth related factors were evaluated using univariate analyses and significant factors were evaluated using multiple logistic regression. RESULT: 25 cases of SIP were matched with 25 controls. No maternal factors reached statistical significance. Being one of twins increased the odds of SIP 29-fold. Birth-order or weight-discrepancy in twin had no association of SIP within twin pairs. CONCLUSION: Twins are at significantly higher risk for SIP. The association of SIP and twin gestation was independent of previously reported risk factors of perinatal indomethacin or magnesium sulfate and merits further study.

scholarly journals 754. Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Healthcare Workers at a Tertiary Care University Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S271-S271
Author(s):  
Eun Ju Choo ◽  
Se Yoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Univariate Analyses

Abstract Background We investigated the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among healthcare workers (HCWs) and analyzed its risk factors in a tertiary care university hospital in South Korea in a population with intermediate tuberculosis (TB) burden. Methods A standard questionnaire regarding the baseline demographics and risk factors for LTBI was given to each participant. QuantiFERON-TB GOLD In-Tube (QFT-GIT) assay and chest radiography were performed to investigate the rate of LTBI. Results A total of 1,429 participants, 213 (14.9%) doctors and 988 (69.1%) nurses and 228 (16.0%) others were enrolled. The mean age of the subjects was 33.0 years old, and 1,175 (82.2%) were female. Of the participants, 94.5% had received BCG vaccine. QFT-GIT assays were positive for 156 subjects (10.9%). Of the 213 doctors, 28 (13.1%) were positive by QFT-GIT, and among the 988 nurses, 94 (9.5%) had positive QFT-GIT results. Experience of working in hospital was significantly associated with positive LTBI test results by QFT-GIT assay. Gender and duration of employment as an HCW were significantly associated with having a positive QFT-GIT result in univariate analyses. In multivariate analyses, duration of employment as an HCW (>15 years) (odds ratio, 1.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–3.43) was independently associated with increased risk of a positive QFT-GIT result. Conclusion A high prevalence of LTBI was found among our HCWs. Considering the association between the experience of working in hospital and high risk of LTBI. The risk for tuberculosis infection among HCWs was higher than general population, which suggests that stricter preventive strategies against nosocomial tuberculosis infection should be implemented. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Endovascular Versus Open Versus Hybrid Revascularisation In Infra Inguinal Disease – 2 Years Prospective Study in A Tertiary Care Center in South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL2) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Senthilnathan T. T. ◽  
Manoj Prabakar R. ◽  
Subramaniyan S. R. ◽  
Marunraj G. ◽  
Saravanan B. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
P Value ◽  
Acute Limb Ischemia ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Treatment Procedures

Our aim is to share the clinical experience of , open and combined hybrid in infra inguinal disease and compare the results. A prospective study of 150 patients undergoing infra inguinal procedures was done, a period ranging from October 2017 to June 2019 with 3 months follow up. A number of patients undergoing CT , Digital Subtraction (DSA) were recorded. A number of cases undergoing Angioplasty, Catheter Directed (CDT), Open Surgical Bypass were noted. Cases of acute limb ischemia were excluded and chronic cases included in our study, age 35-85 years, sex distribution male 134(89.3%) and female 16(10.7%) cases. Similarly, individual risk factors were stratified. Ct was done in 60 (40%) and DSA in 90 (60%) cases. Diagnostic variables : left occlusion 42 (28%), right occlusion 55(36.7%), left tibial occlusion 18 (12%) and right tibial occlusion 35(23.3%). Treatment procedure variables : CDT and Angioplasty 1(0.7%), angioplasty 87(58%), angioplasty and bypass 8(5.3%), bypass 35(23.3%), CDT 15 (10%), CDT and bypass 4(2.7%). The results of the analysis were compared and statistical significance P-value were calculated by chi-square tests, SPSS software. Statistic significance was seen for risk factors CAD (0.001), Smoking (0.008), Hypertension (0.000) on comparison to treatment procedures and for corresponding clinical diagnosis (0.002), investigation modality (0.000) and treatment procedures.

scholarly journals Clinical Analysis of Risk Factors of Postoperative Psychiatric Disorders in Patients With Adult Craniopharyngioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhao ◽  
Pengwei Lu ◽  
Yanzhu Fan ◽  
Chuzhong Li ◽  
Chunhui Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Psychological Symptom ◽  
Pathological Finding ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Related Factors

Objective: To analyze the risk factors relative to postoperative psychiatric disorders in adult patients with craniopharyngioma.Methods: A retrospective case-control study design was used in this study. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory–Questionnaire (NPI-Q) assessment tool was used to assess psychiatric disorders in postoperative patients with craniopharyngioma at Beijing Tiantan Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. The relationship between the psychiatric disorders and basic demographic data as well as several risk factors, such as the tumor characteristics (tumor location, tumor size, pathological finding of the tumor, etc.) and treatment-related factors (the extent of the resection), were analyzed.Results: A total of 173 patients were included in this study. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 14.5% among adult craniopharyngioma patients. Irritability represented the most common type of psychological symptom (64%, n = 16), followed by agitation (36%, n = 9), and delusions (28%, n = 7). The risk factors relative to postoperative psychiatric disorders that were identified were a tumor volume larger than 7 cm3 (HR = 3.292, P = 0.042), tumor location (P = 0.003), hypothalamic invasion (HR = 9.766, P = 0.036), and gross-total resection (HR = 0.085, P = 0.042).Conclusion: Neurocognitive assessment and intervention before and after surgery are important in patients with larger tumors, invading the third ventricle, and tumors with hypothalamic invasion. Prediction of these risk factors is essential for the treatment.

scholarly journals Perioperative outcomes following surgery for brain tumors: Objective assessment and risk factor evaluation

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliasgar V Moiyadi ◽  
Prakash M Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Perioperative Outcomes ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Systemic Complications

ABSTRACT Background: Perioperative outcomes following surgery for brain tumors are an important indicator of the safety as well as efficacy of surgical intervention. Perioperative morbidity not only has implications on direct patient care, but also serves as an indicator of the quality of care provided, and enables objective documentation, for comparision in various clinical trials. We document our experience at a tertiary care referral, a dedicated neuro-oncology center in India. Materials and Methods: One hundred and ninety-six patients undergoing various surgeries for intra-axial brain tumors were analyzed. Routine microsurgical techniques and uniform antibiotic policy were used. Navigation/ intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring was not available. The endpoints assessed included immediate postoperative neurological status, neurological outcome at discharge, regional complications, systemic complications, overall morbidity, and mortality. Various risk factors assessed included clinico-epidemiological factors, tumor-related factors, and surgery-related factors. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed. Results: Median age was 38 years. 72% had tumors larger than 4 cm. Neurological morbidity, and regional and systemic complications occurred in 16.8, 17.3, and 10.7%, respectively. Overall, major morbidity occurred in 18% and perioperative mortality rate was 3.6%. Although a few of the known risk factors were found to be significant on univariate analysis, none achieved significance on multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our patients were younger and had larger tumors than are generally reported. Despite the unavailability of advanced intraoperative aids we could achieve acceptable levels of morbidity and mortality. Objective recording of perioperative events is crucial to document outcomes after surgery for brain tumors.

scholarly journals Retinal venular tortuosity and fractal dimension predict incident retinopathy in adults with type 2 diabetes: the Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study

Diabetologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel B. Forster ◽  
◽  
Emmanuel Sandoval Garcia ◽  
Anniek J. Sluiman ◽  
Sheila M. Grecian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Retinal Vessel ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Discriminative Ability

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Our aim was to determine whether a range of prespecified retinal vessel traits were associated with incident diabetic retinopathy in adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods In the prospective observational cohort Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study of 1066 adults with type 2 diabetes, aged 60–75 years at recruitment, 718 were free from diabetic retinopathy at baseline. Baseline retinal traits including vessel widths, tortuosity (curvature) and fractal dimensions (network complexity), were quantified using fundus camera images and semiautomated software, and analysed using logistic regression for their association with incident diabetic retinopathy over 10 years. Results The incidence of diabetic retinopathy was 11.4% (n = 82) over 10 years. After adjustment for a range of vascular and diabetes-related risk factors, both increased venular tortuosity (OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.15, 1.98; p = 0.003) and decreased fractal dimension (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.58, 0.96; p = 0.025) were associated with incident retinopathy. There was no evidence of an association with arterial tortuosity, and associations between measurements of vessel widths and retinopathy lost statistical significance after adjustment for diabetes-related factors and vascular disease. Adding venular tortuosity to a model including established risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (HbA1c, BP and kidney function) improved the discriminative ability (C statistic increased from 0.624 to 0.640, p = 0.013), but no such benefit was found with fractal dimension. Conclusions/interpretation Increased retinal venular tortuosity and decreased fractal dimension are associated with incident diabetic retinopathy, independent of classical risk factors. There is some evidence that venular tortuosity may be a useful biomarker to improve the predictive ability of models based on established retinopathy risk factors, and its inclusion in further risk prediction modelling is warranted. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals A study of the risk factors of various arrhythmias in patients with coronary heart disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1369
Author(s):  
Puneet Patil ◽  
Aamera Sait ◽  
Dilip Ratan Patil
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Av Block ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Risk

Background: Complications like arrhythmias, cardiac failure, cerebrovascular and mechanical complications. Among these complications, arrhythmias are the most common complication of acute myocardial infarction. The objective of this study was to study the risk factors of various arrhythmias in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods: Present study was a hospital based cross sectional study conducted at department of General Medicine of a tertiary care hospital for a period of two years among 102 patients. Detailed history, clinical examination, investigation was done. All patients were followed for one year to assess the outcome among them. All data was entered in the Microsoft Excel worksheet and analyzed using proportions.Results: Arrhythmias were more common with low ejection fraction (72.73%). The overall mortality was 7.84%. Ventricular fibrillation was seen in 50% of the patients who did not receive thrombolytic therapy. First-degree AV block and second-degree AV block were present in 6.25% and 7.50% respectively and did not affect the mortality while complete heart block was present in 8.75% and mortality rate of 28.57% with right ventricular involvement. Risk factors like smoking, alcohol, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity had higher incidence of arrhythmias but was not found to have any statistical significance (p >0.05). However, patients having multiple risk factors strongly associated with the high mortality in statistically significant manner (p value 0.0006).Conclusions: Patients with risk factors like smoking, alcohol, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity had higher incidence of arrhythmias. Multiple risk factors increase the incidence of both arrhythmias and mortality (67% mortality with 4 risk factors and 75% mortality with 5 risk factors).

scholarly journals Readmissions after elective orthopedic surgery in a comprehensive co-management care system—a retrospective analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Rohrer ◽  
David Haddenbruch ◽  
Hubert Noetzli ◽  
Brigitta Gahl ◽  
Andreas Limacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Spine Surgery ◽  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Related Factors

Abstract Background No surgical intervention is without risk. Readmissions and reoperations after elective orthopedic surgery are common and are also stressful for the patient. It has been shown that a comprehensive ortho-medical co-management model decreases readmission rates in older patients suffering from hip fracture; but it is still unclear if this also applies to elective orthopedic surgery. The aim of the current study was to determine the proportion of unplanned readmissions or returns to operating room (for any reason) across a broad elective orthopedic population within 90 days after elective surgery. All cases took place in a tertiary care center using co-management care and were also assessed for risk factors leading to readmission or unplanned return to operating room (UROR). Methods In this observational study, 1295 patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery between 2015 and 2017 at a tertiary care center in Switzerland were investigated. The proportion of reoperations and readmissions within 90 days was measured, and possible risk factors for reoperation or readmission were identified using logistic regression. Results In our cohort, 3.2% (42 of 1295 patients) had an UROR or readmission. Sixteen patients were readmitted without requiring further surgery—nine of which due to medical and seven to surgical reasons. Patient-related factors associated with UROR and readmission were older age (67 vs. 60 years; p = 0.014), and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA PS) score ≥ 3 (43% vs. 18%; p < 0.001). Surgery-related factors were: implantation of foreign material (62% vs. 33%; p < 0.001), duration of operation (76 min. vs. 60 min; p < 0.001), and spine surgery (57% vs. 17%; p < 0.001). Notably, only spine surgery was also found to be independent risk factor. Conclusion Rates of UROR during initial hospitalization and readmission were lower in the current study than described in the literature. However, several comorbidities and surgery-related risk factors were found to be associated with these events. Although no surgery is without risk, known threats should be reduced and every effort undertaken to minimize complications in high-risk populations. Further prospective controlled research is needed to investigate the potential benefits of a co-management model in elective orthopedic surgery.

scholarly journals Substance use behavior and its lifestyle-related risk factors in Bangladeshi high school-going adolescents: An exploratory study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254926
Author(s):  
Mst. Sabrina Moonajilin ◽  
Md Khalid Ibne Kamal ◽  
Firoj al Mamun ◽  
Mariam Binte Safiq ◽  
Ismail Hosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High School ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Late Night ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Time And Being ◽  
Use Behavior

Substance abuse is a major concern worldwide and is increasing rapidly in Bangladesh. However, there are no prior studies concerning lifestyle-related factors that influence adolescents’ substance use behavior. Therefore, the present study investigated the prevalence of substance use and its associated sociodemographic and lifestyle-related risk factors among a total of 424 Bangladeshi high school-going adolescents through a structured questionnaire interview study. The survey questionnaire consisted of socio-demographics, lifestyle-related information, and substance use-related questions. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 22.0, and a p-value of <0.05 determined statistical significance. Results showed that 21.2%, 14.4%, and 15.1% of the participants reported smoking, using a drug, and consuming alcohol, respectively, at least once during their lifespan; whereas the current (i.e., past-month) rates were reported to be 10.4%, 2.8%, and 3.1%, respectively. Overall, the current substance use risk factors were identified as being male, not being from science academic background, having less family influence on personal life, irregular teeth brushing, being smartphone users, using a smartphone for a longer time, and being late-night sleepers. From the list of identified risk factors of substance use, those that are modifiable may be targeted to evolve a prevention program to manage this problem in Bangladeshi adolescents.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Multisite Case-Control Series of Concomitant Use of Daptomycin and Statins and the Effect on Creatine Phosphokinase

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany Lehman ◽  
Elizabeth A Neuner ◽  
Victor Heh ◽  
Carlos Isada
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Control Series ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Increase Risk ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective Daptomycin has been associated with increased creatine phosphokinase (CPK) due to muscle injury leading to myalgias and muscle weakness. Statins have been proven to cause the same effects and it is recommended to discontinue the use of statins while on daptomycin. Evidence regarding this drug interaction is mixed. This study evaluated the risk of CPK elevation in concomitant use of daptomycin and statins compared to daptomycin alone. Method This is a multisite retrospective case-control study of patients who received daptomycin therapy with monitoring of CPK. Rates of CPK elevations were compared in patients receiving daptomycin with a statin versus daptomycin alone. To estimate the association between CPK elevation and daptomycin therapy controlling for other risk factors, logistic regression was used to analyze data. Statistical significance was determined at ɑ of 0.05. Results A total of 3658 patients were included in the study, with 2787 on daptomycin therapy alone and 871 with concurrent statin use. The incidence of CPK elevation was 90 events (3.2%) in the daptomycin group and 26 events (3.0%) in the concurrent statin group. Patients who received daptomycin therapy in addition to statins had no statistically significant difference from patients on daptomycin alone (hazard ratio, 1.05; P = .85; 95% confidence interval, 0.61–1.84). After adjusting for potential risk factors, the hazards ratio remained almost the same. Conclusions Concomitant use of daptomycin and statin did not show an increase risk of CPK elevation. Clinicians may consider concomitant use of daptomycin and statin therapy with weekly CPK monitoring.

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