Predictors of drug use during pregnancy: The relative effects of socioeconomic, demographic, and mental health risk factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Brown ◽  
H. Dakkak ◽  
J. Gilliland ◽  
J.A. Seabrook
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Factors

Cannabis use among early adolescents and transdiagnostic mental health risk factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910452199463
Author(s):  
Sara Moreno-Mansilla ◽  
Jorge J Ricarte ◽  
David J Hallford
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction: Cannabis is the most widely used psychoactive substance among adolescents worldwide, and the age at which consumption begins to decrease. Cannabis use in adolescents is associated with a wide range of adverse consequences in adulthood including increased vulnerability to psychosis and other mental disorders, as well as suicidal ideation and attempt. The aim of this study is to extend understanding of the link between cannabis use and mental illness by examining whether cannabis use at early ages predicts transdiagnostic variables that are precursors to severe clinical diagnoses. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample was made up of 605 adolescents from 7th to 9th grades, with a mean age of 13.2 years ( SD = 1.0, 47% girls). The variables evaluated were: anomalous perception of reality, intolerance of uncertainty, rumination, suicide attempt, hopelessness, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. The administration of the questionnaires was carried out in groups of 20 participants under the supervision of a researcher in a unique session of 1 hour. Results: Adolescent cannabis users scored higher on all variables assessed: anomalous perception of reality (Cohen’s d = .60), rumination ( d = .48), intolerance of uncertainty ( d = .11), suicidal attempt (affirmative answer: 25.9% of users vs 7.7% of non-users), hopelessness ( d = .85), symptoms of depression ( d = .80), and anxiety ( d = .39). A binary logistic regression showed that the only variable uniquely related to cannabis use was hopelessness (Wald = 4.560, OR: 1.159, p = .033). Conclusions: Among some mental health risk factors, hopelessness appears uniquely related to cannabis use. Adolescents may use cannabis as a coping strategy for negative thoughts and emotions, or it may be a consequence of cannabis use. Future prevention programs should focus on preventing/treating modifiable factors such as hopelessness, and delaying cannabis use in specific subgroups of adolescents who experience pathologies such as depression or suicide attempts.

scholarly journals Beta Inflated Regression Models on the Physical and Mental Health of Nigerian Stroke Survivors

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-312
Author(s):  
KS Oritogun ◽  
OO Oyewole
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Health Risk Factors

Background: Stroke is one of the major public health problems worldwide. Physical and mental health data of stroke survivors are often expressed in proportions. Therefore, the Beta Regression models family for data between zero and one will be appropriate. Objectives: To identify a suitable model and the likely risk factors of physical and mental health of stroke survivors. Method: Secondary data of stroke survivors from two tertiary health Institutions in Ogun State, Nigeria, were analysed. Inflated Beta (BEINF) and Inflated-at-one-Beta (BEINF1) models were compared using Deviance (DEV), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) for model selection. The model with minimum DEV, AIC and BIC was considered to be better. Results: The deviance (-86.0604,), AIC (-46.0604) and BIC (6.4391) values of the BEINF1 model for physical health and the deviance (-20.1217), AIC (19.8783) and BIC (72.3778) values of BEINF1 model for mental health were smaller than BEINF models. Therefore, BEINF1 was the better model to identify the health risk factors of stroke survivors. Age, marital status, diastolic blood pressure, disability duration and systolic blood pressure had a significant association with physical health, while BMI had a significant positive association with mental health.  Conclusion: The beta-inflated-at-one (BEINF1) model is suitable for identifying health risk factors of stroke survivors when the outcome variable is a proportion. Both demographic and clinical characteristics were significantly associated with the health of stroke survivors. This study would assist researchers in knowing the appropriate model for analysing proportion or percentage response variables.

scholarly journals Health Risk Factors and Mental Health Among US Women with and without Chronic Physical Disabilities by Whether Women are Currently Pregnant

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1364-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa I. Iezzoni ◽  
Jun Yu ◽  
Amy J. Wint ◽  
Suzanne C. Smeltzer ◽  
Jeffrey L. Ecker
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Health Risk Factors

scholarly journals Back pain, mental health and substance use are associated in adolescents

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
SJ Kamper ◽  
ZA Michaleff ◽  
P Campbell ◽  
KM Dunn ◽  
TP Yamato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
General Health ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pain Frequency

AbstractBackgroundDuring adolescence, prevalence of pain and health risk factors such as smoking, alcohol use, and poor mental health rise sharply. While these risk factors and mental health are accepted public health concerns, the same is not true for pain. The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between back pain and health risk factors in adolescents.MethodsCross-sectional data from the Healthy Schools Healthy Futures study, and the Australian Child Wellbeing Project was used. The mean age of participants was 14-15 years. Children were stratified according to the frequency they experienced back pain over the past 6 months. Within each strata, the proportion of children that reported drinking alcohol or smoking in the past month and the proportion that experienced feelings of anxiety or depression was reported. Test-for-trend analyses assessed whether increasing frequency of pain was associated with health risk factors.ResultsData from approximately 2,500 and 3,900 children in the two studies was analysed. Larger proportions of children smoked or drank alcohol within each strata of increasing pain frequency. The trend with report of anxiety and depression was less clear, although there was a marked difference between the children that reported pain ‘rarely or never’, and those that experienced back pain more frequently.ConclusionTwo large, independent samples show Australian adolescents that experience back pain more frequently are also more likely to smoke, drink alcohol and report feelings of anxiety and depression. Pain appears to be part of the picture of general health risk in adolescents.What is already known on this subject?The prevalence of back pain rises steeply during the adolescent years, and is responsible for considerable personal impact in a substantial minority. During this time, indicators of adverse health risk such as smoking, alcohol use, anxiety and depression also increase in prevalence. Pain and lifestyle-related health risk factors can have ongoing consequences that stretch into adulthood.What this study adds?This study shows a close relationship between increasing pain frequency, and tendency to engage in health risk behaviours and experience indicators of poor mental health in adolescents. This study shows that pain may be an important consideration in understanding the general health, and health risk in adolescents.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Survey of Mental Health Risk Factors and Comparison of the Monoamine oxidase A Gene DNA Methylation Level in Different Mental Health Conditions among Oilfield Workers in Xinjiang, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Ting Jiang ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Li Ning ◽  
Jiwen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Methylation Level ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Genotype Group ◽  
Maoa Gene ◽  
Oil Workers

The incidence of psychological problems among occupational groups is becoming increasingly more serious, and adverse psychological conditions will seriously affect the working ability of occupational groups and harm the health of their bodies. This study adopted a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method to conduct a cross-sectional survey on the mental health of 3631 oil workers in Karamay, Xinjiang from March 2017 to June 2018. The mental health status of oil workers was evaluated using the Symptom Checklist-90, and mental health risk factors were evaluated. The correlation between the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene and mental health was analyzed, and the DNA methylation level of the MAOA gene was compared between the normal group and the abnormal group. The results show the incidence of mental health problems among oil workers according to differences in age, nationality, type of work, length of service, professional title, shift work, and marital status. The evaluation of mental health risk factors revealed that shift work, occupational stress, and high payment/low return affect mental health. The somatization scores of different genotypes of rs6323 in the MAOA gene were statistically significant (p < 0.05), suggesting that the somatization scores of different genotypes of rs6323 were different. According to the average rank, the TT genotype group had the highest score, followed by the GT genotype group, and the GG genotype group had the lowest score. The level of DNA methylation in the abnormal group was lower than that in the normal group (p < 0.05). The results suggested that occupational mental health can be enhanced by improving shift work, reducing stress, and balancing effort and reward. This preliminary investigation suggests that methylation status can affect mental health, indicating that methylation level may be a predictor of mental health status.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document