Long-term effects of a job search intervention for transition-age youth with visual impairments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Cmar ◽  
Michele C. McDonnall
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Job Search Behavior

BACKGROUND: Research supports the short-term benefits of a job search intervention for youth with visual impairments, but its effectiveness over time has not been explored. OBJECTIVE: We examined the long-term effects of a research-based job search intervention on job search knowledge, job search behavior, job search self-efficacy, and employment outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a longitudinal study with 92 youth with visual impairments using a two-group, quasi-experimental repeated-measures design. The intervention group received 35–40 hours of job search skills training, and the comparison group received usual services. Data collection included telephone surveys at pretest, posttest, 8-month follow-up, and 14-month follow-up. RESULTS: Intervention group participants had increases in job search knowledge, job search behavior, and job search behavior self-efficacy at posttest; they maintained increases in knowledge and self-efficacy, but not behavior. Comparison group participants also had increases in job search behavior and job search behavior self-efficacy at the end of the study. Changes in job search outcomes self-efficacy were not evident for either group; neither were differences in post-intervention employment. CONCLUSIONS: The intervention had lasting effects on job search knowledge, but findings for other outcomes over time were mixed. Both groups had low employment rates throughout the study.

Short-Term Effectiveness of Job Search Skills Training: Comparisons by Summer Work Experience Participation

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-96
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Cmar ◽  
Michele C. McDonnall
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Job Search Behavior ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Foster Youths

We utilized a quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test design to assess the effects of job search skills training on job search knowledge, job search behavior, job search behavior self-efficacy, and job search outcomes self-efficacy. We also examined differences in outcomes based on participation in a vocational rehabilitation agency-sponsored summer work experience (SWE) program. Participants were 92 youth with visual impairments, ages 15 to 22 years, from three U.S. states. The intervention was an intensive job search skills training program involving 35 to 40 hr of content; 42 youth also participated in an SWE program for approximately 6 weeks. Intervention group participants significantly improved in job search knowledge, job search behavior, and job search behavior self-efficacy in contrast to comparison group participants, but results for job search outcomes self-efficacy did not differentiate the two groups. SWE participation by itself was related to increases in both self-efficacy measures, and participation in the intervention plus the SWE was related to larger increases in job search behavior self-efficacy. Results indicate that job search skills training and SWE programs may have differential effects on short-term outcomes. Rather than finding jobs for youth, practitioners could foster youths’ competence, confidence, and preparation for the future by teaching job search skills and encouraging independent job-seeking.

scholarly journals Linking Mentoring and Job Search Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402110672
Author(s):  
Ruirui Lian ◽  
Wenjing Cai ◽  
Kun Chen ◽  
Hongru Shen ◽  
Xiaopei Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Job Search Behavior ◽  
Search Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

The present research aims to explore the impact of mentoring relationship on college graduates’ job search behavior among Chinese undergraduate students by examining the mediator of job search intention and the moderator of job search self-efficacy. A two-wave survey study was conducted in China ( N = 594). Our findings show a positive indirect relation between mentoring and college graduates’ job search behaviors through job search intention. The graduates’ job search self-efficacy positively moderated the indirect relationship such that when job search self-efficacy was higher, the influence of mentoring on behavior via job search intention was stronger. These findings extend the literature by clarifying how and when mentoring facilitates graduates’ job search behaviors and provide practical implications for facilitating a smooth school-to-work transition in China. As the first study that empirically clarifies why (through job search intention) and when (job search self-efficacy) mentoring function is positively related to job search behavior among Chinese undergraduate students, the present study contributes to the existing mentoring and job search literature. Future research is encouraged to extend the findings by integrating theory of planned behavior (TPB) with self-regulation theory toward deepening current understanding of how and when mentoring can contribute to a student’s success in job search behavior.

Effectiveness of a Job Search Training Program for Youth With Visual Impairments

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Cmar ◽  
Michele C. McDonnall
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Search Training ◽  
And Behavior

Early work experiences predict future employment for youth with visual impairments, particularly when youth find jobs independently, but research has not supported the efficacy of sponsored work for this population. The most effective work experience programs include additional components such as job search assistance, and job search interventions are effective at improving employment outcomes. Thus, we conducted a quasi-experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of adding job search training to a summer work experience program with 42 youth with visual impairments. Intervention group youth significantly increased job search knowledge and behavior compared with comparison group youth, and both groups increased in job search self-efficacy. Although additional research is needed, this study provides initial evidence of the job search program’s effectiveness.

Mediating Role of Career Coaching on Job-Search Behavior of Older Generations

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doo Hun Lim ◽  
Eunjung Oh ◽  
Boreum Ju ◽  
Hae Na Kim
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Career Coaching ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Job Search Behavior

This study focuses on career development processes and options for older workers in South Korea and explores how career coaching enhances their career development efforts and transition needs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structural relationship between older employees’ goal-setting, self-efficacy, and job-search behavior mediated by career coaching. A total of 249 participants were recruited in a metropolitan city in South Korea. Based on the literature review, hypotheses were developed and tested on the structural model and the following findings were revealed. First, the findings indicate a positive effect of self-efficacy on older workers’ job-search behavior. Second, the value of career coaching was found to affect older workers’ job-search behavior in the South Korean context. Third, career-goal commitment alone did not have a positive significant effect on job-search behavior, but it was influential through the mediating process of the perceived quality of the career coaching program provided by an employment center in South Korea.

Mentoring and Job Search Behavior: A Moderated Mediation Model of Job Search Self-Efficacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 15153
Author(s):  
Kuo-Yang Kao ◽  
Hui-Ting Lee ◽  
Ying-Chien Chen ◽  
Xiaocong Li ◽  
Ruirui Lian
Keyword(s):  
Job Search ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Search Behavior ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Job Search Behavior

scholarly journals Low-Fat Dietary Pattern among Postmenopausal Women Influences Long-Term Cancer, Cardiovascular Disease, and Diabetes Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (9) ◽  
pp. 1565-1574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross L Prentice ◽  
Aaron K Aragaki ◽  
Barbara V Howard ◽  
Rowan T Chlebowski ◽  
Cynthia A Thomson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Cancer Colorectal ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Low Fat

ABSTRACT Background The preferred macronutrient dietary composition, and the health consequences of dietary fat reduction specifically, have been debated for decades. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of long-term health outcomes in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification (DM) trial. Objective The DM trial aimed to examine whether a low-fat dietary pattern would reduce the risk of invasive breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and, secondarily, coronary heart disease (CHD), with various other health outcomes also considered. Methods The DM trial is a randomized controlled trial conducted at 40 centers in the US, among 48,835 postmenopausal women aged 50–79 y with baseline intake of ≥32% energy from fat. Participants were randomly assigned to a low-fat dietary pattern intervention group or to a usual-diet comparison group, during 1993–1998. Intervention goals were to reduce fat intake from ∼35% to 20% of total energy, in conjunction with increasing vegetables and fruit to 5 servings/d and grains to 6 servings/d. Results Over an 8.5-y (median) intervention period, intervention and comparison group differences included lower fat by 8–10%, and higher carbohydrate by 8–10%, of total energy, in conjunction with higher consumption of vegetables, fruit, and grains. Time-to-outcome analyses did not show significant differences between intervention and comparison groups for invasive breast cancer, colorectal cancer, or CHD, either over the intervention period or over longer-term cumulative follow-up. Additional analyses showed significant intervention group benefits related to breast cancer, CHD, and diabetes, without adverse effects. Over a 19.6-y (median) follow-up period, HRs (95% CIs) were 0.84 (0.74, 0.96) for breast cancer followed by death, and 0.87 (0.77, 0.98) for diabetes requiring insulin. Conclusions Reduction in dietary fat with corresponding increase in vegetables, fruit, and grains led to benefits related to breast cancer, CHD, and diabetes, without adverse effects, among healthy postmenopausal US women. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000611.

Long-Term Effects of a Movement Intervention Program for Children With Probable Developmental Coordination Disorder

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ilana Santos de Oliveira ◽  
Bárbara Coiro Spessato ◽  
Dayana da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Romulo José César Lins ◽  
Silvia Wanick Sarinho
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Task Oriented ◽  
Coordination Disorder

Purpose: To examine long-term effects of a task-oriented intervention program for children with probable developmental coordination disorder in a physical education setting. Method: Sixty-nine boys and girls (7–10 years) were divided into two groups: intervention (n = 36) and control (n = 33). All children participated in physical education classes twice a week. The intervention group also had two weekly sessions focused on gross motor skills development for 12 weeks. Children were assessed by the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, three times: pretest, posttest, and follow-up. Results: The intervention group showed superior results (p ≤ .05) posttest in: manual dexterity (d = 0.71), balance (d = 0.86), and total score (d = 1.02), and at follow-up in: manual dexterity (d = 1.05), balance (d = 0.86), and total score (d = 0.94). Conclusion: Task-oriented intervention provided a retained positive effect in the development of motor competence in children with probable developmental coordination disorder.

‘The (second) year of first aid’: a 15-month follow-up after a 3-day first aid programme

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 666-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bálint Bánfai ◽  
Attila Pandur ◽  
Bence Schiszler ◽  
Emese Pek ◽  
Balazs Radnai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Life Support ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Knowledge And Skills

AimFirst aid education in early childhood can be an effective method to increase the number of trained bystanders. Our aim was to evaluate the long-term effects of a 3-day first aid programme for all primary school-age groups (7–14 years old).MethodsThis study was a 15-month follow-up of our previous investigation. Five-hundred and twenty-four primary school children were involved in this study. Measurements were made on the following topics: adult basic life support, using an automated external defibrillator (AED), handling an unconscious patient, managing bleeding and calling the ambulance. Data collection was made with a self-made questionnaire and skill test.ResultsKnowledge and skills were significantly higher after 15 months than before training (p<0.01). However, these results were significantly worse than immediately and 4 months after training (p<0.01). Based on the questionnaire, more than three-quarters knew the emergency phone number 15 months after training. Approximately two-thirds of the children could use the correct hand position in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the correct compression-ventilation ratio and an AED, and half of them could perform correct recovery position at 15 months. Correct assessment of breathing was similar in a situation game than before training. Self-efficacy improved significantly after training (p<0.01) and remained improved after 4 and 15 months when compared with before training (p<0.01).ConclusionParticipants could remember some aspects of first aid long term. However, knowledge and skills had declined after 15 months, so refresher training would be recommended. Self-efficacy towards first aid improved after training and remained high after 15 months.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document