Contribution of Graph Theory Applied to EEG Data Analysis for Alzheimer’s Disease versus Vascular Dementia Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Vecchio ◽  
Francesca Miraglia ◽  
Francesca Alú ◽  
Alessandro Orticoni ◽  
Elda Judica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Eeg Data

Background: Most common progressive brain diseases in the elderly are Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). They present with relatively similar clinical symptoms of cognitive decline, but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are different. Objective: The aim is to explore the brain connectivity differences between AD and VaD patients compared to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal elderly (Nold) subjects applying graph theory, in particular the Small World (SW) analysis. Methods: 274 resting state EEGs were analyzed in 100 AD, 80 MCI, 40 VaD, and 54 Nold subjects. Graph theory analyses were applied to undirected and weighted networks obtained by lagged linear coherence evaluated by eLORETA tool. Results: VaD and AD patients presented more ordered low frequency structure (lower value of SW) than Nold and MCI subjects, and more random organization (higher value of SW) in low and high frequency alpha rhythms. Differences between patients have been found in high frequency alpha rhythms in VaD (higher value of SW) with respect to AD, and in theta band with a trend which is more similar to MCI and Nold than to AD. MCI subjects presented a network organization which is intermediate, in low frequency bands, between Nold and patients. Conclusion: Graph theory applied to EEG data has proved very useful in identifying differences in brain network patterns in subjects with dementia, proving to be a valid tool for differential diagnosis. Future studies will aim to validate this method to diagnose especially in the early stages of the disease and at single subject level.

scholarly journals Detecting early changes in Alzheimer’s disease with graph theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana B Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Autosomal Dominant ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Disease Course

This scientific commentary refers to ‘Single-subject grey matter network trajectories over the disease course of autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease’, by Vermunt et al. (https://doi.org/10.1093/braincomms/fcaa102).

scholarly journals Bispectrum-based Cross-frequency Functional Connectivity: A Study of Alzheimer's Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Klepl ◽  
Fei He ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Daniel J Blackburn ◽  
Ptolemaios G Sarrigiannis
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Frequency Coupling ◽  
Eeg Recordings

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder known to affect functional connectivity (FC) across many brain regions. Linear FC measures have been applied to study the differences in AD by splitting neurophysiological signals such as electroencephalography (EEG) recordings into discrete frequency bands and analysing them in isolation from each other. We address this limitation by quantifying cross-frequency FC in addition to the traditional within-band approach. Cross-bispectrum, a higher-order spectral analysis approach, is used to measure the nonlinear FC and is compared with the cross-spectrum, which only measures the linear FC within bands. This work reports the first use of cross-bispectrum to reconstruct a cross-frequency FC network where each frequency band is treated as a layer in a multilayer network with both inter- and intra-layer edges. An increase of within-band FC in AD is observed in low-frequency bands using both methods. Bispectrum also detects multiple cross-frequency differences, mainly increased FC in AD in delta-theta coupling. An increased importance of low-frequency coupling and decreased importance of high-frequency coupling is observed in AD. Integration properties of AD networks are more vulnerable than HC, while the segregation property is maintained in AD. Moreover, the segregation property of γ is less vulnerable in AD, suggesting the shift of importance from high-frequency activity towards low-frequency components. The results highlight the importance of studying nonlinearity and including cross-frequency FC in characterising AD. Moreover, the results demonstrate the advantages and limitations of using bispectrum to reconstruct FC networks.

“Small World” architecture in brain connectivity and hippocampal volume in Alzheimer’s disease: a study via graph theory from EEG data

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Vecchio ◽  
Francesca Miraglia ◽  
Francesca Piludu ◽  
Giuseppe Granata ◽  
Roberto Romanello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Brain Connectivity ◽  
Small World ◽  
Hippocampal Volume ◽  
Eeg Data

SPECIFIC PROPERTIES OF TUBULIN IN THE PREFRONTAL CORTEX IN CONTROL, SCHIZOPHRENIA AND VASCULAR DEMENTIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Burbaeva G.Sh. ◽  
Androsova L.V. ◽  
Vorobyeva E.A. ◽  
Savushkina O.K.
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Nephelometric Method ◽  
Rate Of Polymerization ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Brain

The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of polymerization of tubulin into microtubules and determine the level of colchicine binding (colchicine-binding activity of tubulin) in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia, vascular dementia (VD) and control. Colchicine-binding activity of tubulin was determined by Sherlinе in tubulin-enriched extracts of proteins from the samples. Measurement of light scattering during the polymerization of the tubulin was carried out using the nephelometric method at a wavelength of 450-550 nm. There was a significant decrease in colchicine-binding activity and the rate of tubulin polymerization in the prefrontal cortex in both diseases, and in VD to a greater extent than in schizophrenia. The obtained results suggest that not only in Alzheimer's disease, but also in other mental diseases such as schizophrenia and VD, there is a decrease in the level of tubulin in the prefrontal cortex of the brain, although to a lesser extent than in Alzheimer's disease, and consequently the amount of microtubules.

Recent Updates on the Association Between Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghulam M. Ashraf ◽  
Sandesh Chibber ◽  
. Mohammad ◽  
Syed K. Zaidi ◽  
Shams Tabrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Vascular Dementia
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