Characterizing Global and Regional Brain Structures in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment Among Rural Residents: A Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 1429-1438
Author(s):  
Yuanjing Li ◽  
Lin Cong ◽  
Tingting Hou ◽  
Liguo Chang ◽  
Chuanchen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Regional Brain ◽  
Mri Scans

Background: Structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans may provide reliable neuroimaging markers for defining amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Objective: We sought to characterize global and regional brain structures of aMCI among rural-dwelling older adults with limited education in China. Methods: This population-based study included 180 participants (aged≥65 years, 42 with aMCI and 138 normal controls) in the Shandong Yanggu Study of Aging and Dementia during 2014–2016. We defined aMCI following the Petersen’s criteria. Global and regional brain volumes were automatically segmented on MRI scans and compared using a region-of-interest approach. Data were analyzed using general linear regression models. Results: Multi-adjusted β-coefficient (95% confidence interval) of brain volumes (cm3) associated with aMCI was –12.07 (–21.49, –2.64) for global grey matter (GM), –18.31 (–28.45, –8.17) for global white matter (WM), 28.17 (12.83, 44.07) for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and 2.20 (0.24, 4.16) for white matter hyperintensities (WMH). Furthermore, aMCI was significantly associated with lower GM volumes in bilateral superior temporal gyri, thalamus and right cuneus, and lower WM volumes in lateral areas extending from the frontal to the parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, as well as right hippocampus (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Brain structure of older adults with aMCI is characterized by reduced global GM and WM volumes, enlarged CSF volume, increased WMH burden, reduced GM volumes in bilateral superior temporal gyri, thalamus, and right cuneus, and widespread reductions of lateral WM volumes.

scholarly journals Anemia, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia among rural‐dwelling older adults: A population‐based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziying Jiang ◽  
Xiaolei Han ◽  
Yongxiang Wang ◽  
Tingting Hou ◽  
Lin Cong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Is kallikrein-8 a blood biomarker for detecting amnestic mild cognitive impairment? Results of the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Schramm ◽  
Martha Jokisch ◽  
Karl-Heinz Jöckel ◽  
Arne Herring ◽  
Kathy Keyvani
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Blood Biomarker ◽  
Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility

Abstract Background Kallikrein-8 (KLK8) might be an early blood-biomarker of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We examined whether blood KLK8 is elevated in persons with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) which is a precursor of AD, compared to cognitively unimpaired (CU) controls. Methods Forty cases and 80 controls, matched by sex and age (± 3years), were participants of the longitudinal population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall study (baseline: 2000–2003). Standardized cognitive performance was assessed 5 (T1) and 10 years after baseline (T2). Cases were CU at T1 and had incidental aMCI at T2. Controls were CU at T1 and T2. Blood KLK8 was measured at T2. Using multiple logistic regression the association between KLK8 in cases vs. controls was investigated by estimating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), adjusted for inter-assay variability and freezing duration. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the diagnostic accuracy of KLK8 was determined by estimating the area under the curve (AUC) and 95%CI (adjusted for inter-assay variability, freezing duration, age, sex). Results Thirty-seven participants with aMCI vs. 72 CU (36.7%women, 71.0±8.0 (mean±SD) years) had valid KLK8 measurements. Mean KLK8 was higher in cases than in controls (911.6±619.8 pg/ml vs.783.1±633.0 pg/ml). Fully adjusted, a KLK8 increase of 500pg/ml was associated with a 2.68 (1.05–6.84) higher chance of having aMCI compared to being CU. With an AUC of 0.92 (0.86–0.97), blood KLK8 was a strong discriminator for aMCI and CU. Conclusion This is the first population-based study to demonstrate the potential clinical utility of blood KLK8 as a biomarker for incipient AD.

Neurocognitive Plasticity Is Associated with Cardiorespiratory Fitness Following Physical Exercise in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Galit Yogev-Seligmann ◽  
Tamir Eisenstein ◽  
Elissa Ash ◽  
Nir Giladi ◽  
Haggai Sharon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Memory Encoding

Background: Aerobic training has been shown to promote structural and functional neurocognitive plasticity in cognitively intact older adults. However, little is known about the neuroplastic potential of aerobic exercise in individuals at risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and dementia. Objective: We aimed to explore the effect of aerobic exercise intervention and cardiorespiratory fitness improvement on brain and cognitive functions in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). Methods: 27 participants with aMCI were randomized to either aerobic training (n = 13) or balance and toning (BAT) control group (n = 14) for a 16-week intervention. Pre- and post-assessments included functional MRI experiments of brain activation during associative memory encoding and neural synchronization during complex information processing, cognitive evaluation using neuropsychological tests, and cardiorespiratory fitness assessment. Results: The aerobic group demonstrated increased frontal activity during memory encoding and increased neural synchronization in higher-order cognitive regions such as the frontal cortex and temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) following the intervention. In contrast, the BAT control group demonstrated decreased brain activity during memory encoding, primarily in occipital, temporal, and parietal areas. Increases in cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with increases in brain activation in both the left inferior frontal and precentral gyri. Furthermore, changes in cardiorespiratory fitness were also correlated with changes in performance on several neuropsychological tests. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise training may result in functional plasticity of high-order cognitive areas, especially, frontal regions, among older adults at risk of AD and dementia. Furthermore, cardiorespiratory fitness may be an important mediating factor of the observed changes in neurocognitive functions.

scholarly journals Clinical features of incidental mild cognitive impairment and dementia in a population-based study

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nozomi Hishikawa ◽  
Yusuke Fukui ◽  
Kota Sato ◽  
Toru Yamashita ◽  
Yasuyuki Ohta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study
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