scholarly journals Link Between Dietary Sodium Intake, Cognitive Function, and Dementia Risk in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Devi Mohan ◽  
Kwong Hsia Yap ◽  
Daniel Reidpath ◽  
Yee Chang Soh ◽  
Andrea McGrattan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Dementia Risk

scholarly journals Dietary Sodium/Potassium Intake Does Not Affect Cognitive Function or Brain Imaging Indices

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L. Nowak ◽  
Linda Fried ◽  
Anna Jovanovich ◽  
Joachim Ix ◽  
Kristine Yaffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Structural Brain

Background: Dietary sodium may influence cognitive function through its effects on cerebrovascular function and cerebral blood flow. Methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of dietary sodium intake with cognitive decline in community-dwelling older adults. We also evaluated the associations of dietary potassium and sodium:potassium intake with cognitive decline, and associations of these nutrients with micro- and macro-structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indices. In all, 1,194 participants in the Health Aging and Body Composition study with measurements of dietary sodium intake (food frequency questionnaire [FFQ]) and change in the modified Mini Mental State Exam (3MS) were included. Results: The age of participants was 74 ± 3 years with a mean dietary sodium intake of 2,677 ± 1,060 mg/day. During follow-up (6.9 ± 0.1 years), 340 (28%) had a clinically significant decline in 3MS score (≥1.5 SD of mean decline). After adjustment, dietary sodium intake was not associated with odds of cognitive decline (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.50–1.84 per doubling of sodium). Similarly, potassium was not associated with cognitive decline; however, higher sodium:potassium intake was associated with increased odds of cognitive decline (OR 2.02 [95% CI 1.01–4.03] per unit increase). Neither sodium or potassium alone nor sodium:potassium were associated with micro- or macro-structural brain MRI indices. These results are limited by the use of FFQ. Conclusions: In community-dwelling older adults, higher sodium:potassium, but not sodium or potassium intake alone, was associated with decline in cognitive function, with no associations observed with micro- and macro-structural brain MRI indices. These findings do not support reduction dietary sodium/increased potassium intake to prevent cognitive decline with aging.

scholarly journals Association between dietary sodium intake and cognitive function in older adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni M. Rush ◽  
D. Kritz-Silverstein ◽  
G. A. Laughlin ◽  
T. T. Fung ◽  
E. Barrett-Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Dietary Sodium

The Long Arm of Childhood in China: Early-Life Conditions and Cognitive Function Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1319-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenmei Zhang ◽  
Jinyu Liu ◽  
Lydia Li ◽  
Hongwei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Word Recall ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Urban Residence ◽  
Childhood Conditions ◽  
Early Life Conditions ◽  
Childhood Socioeconomic Status ◽  
With Memory

Objective: This study examined the association between childhood conditions and cognitive function among middle-aged and older adults in China. Method: We analyzed data from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study ( N = 11,868). Cognitive function was measured by word recall, a test of episodic memory. We examined the association between childhood conditions and cognitive function among the middle-aged (45-59 years) and the older (60 years and older) adults separately, using multilevel linear regressions. Results: Indicators of childhood socioeconomic status (SES) and nutrition were significantly associated with memory performance among the middle-aged and the older adults in China. Adulthood SES, education in particular, accounted for some but not all the associations. The protective effect of childhood urban residence was stronger for middle-aged women than for middle-aged men. Discussion: Childhood conditions are significantly associated with mid- to late-life cognitive function in China. The strengths of the associations may vary by gender and cohort.

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