scholarly journals Associations of Genetic Susceptibility to Alzheimer’s Disease with Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Children in a 2-Year Follow-up Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-595
Author(s):  
Eero A. Haapala ◽  
Jussi Paananen ◽  
Mikko Hiltunen ◽  
Timo A. Lakka
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Genetic Susceptibility ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Follow Up Study

scholarly journals PUTRA-Adol study: protocol for an observational follow-up study to assess the tracking of dietary patterns linked to cardiometabolic risk factors and its prospective relationship with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, carotid intima-medial thickness and mental well-being during adolescence in Malaysia

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e044747
Author(s):  
Geeta Appannah ◽  
Nor Aishah Emi ◽  
Mugambikai Magendiran ◽  
Zalilah Mohd Shariff ◽  
Azriyanti Anuar Zaini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Carotid Intima Medial Thickness ◽  
Mental Well Being

IntroductionGrowing evidence suggesting that dietary intakes of adolescents are generally of poor quality but not adequately assessed in relation to the early manifestation of non-communicable diseases. This study aimed; (1) to examine tracking of an empirical dietary pattern (DP) linked to cardiometabolic risk factors and, (2) to assess prospective relationships between a DP characterised by high intakes of dietary energy density (DED) and added sugar, and cardiometabolic risk factors, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), carotid intima-medial thickness (CIMT) and mental well-being during adolescence.Methods and analysisThe PUTRA-Adol is a prospective follow-up study that builds up from 933 Malaysian adolescents who were initially recruited from three southern states in Peninsular Malaysia in 2016 (aged 13 years then). Two sessions are planned; the first session will involve the collection of socio-economy, physical activity, dietary intakes, mental well-being, body image, risk taking behaviour, sun exposure, family functioning and menstrual (in women) information. The second session of data collection will be focused on direct assessments such as venesection for blood biochemistry, anthropometry and ultrasonography imaging of liver and bilateral carotid arteries. Z-scores for an empirical DP will be identified at 16 years using reduced rank regression. Multilevel modelling will be conducted to assess the tracking of DP and prospective analysis between the DP, cardiometabolic health, NAFLD, CIMT and mental well-being.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for the conduct of this follow-up study was obtained from the Universiti Putra Malaysia’s Ethics Committee for Research Involving Human Subjects (JKEUPM) (Reference number: JKEUPM-2019–267). The findings from this study will be disseminated in conferences and peer-reviewed journals.DiscussionThe findings gathered from this study will provide evidence on prospective relationships between DPs, cardiometabolic risk factors, NAFLD, early atherosclerosis and mental well-being and that it may be mediated particularly DED and added sugar during adolescence.

scholarly journals Cardiometabolic risk factors predict executive function scores in high-risk individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 651-651
Author(s):  
Joshua Gills ◽  
Megan Jones ◽  
Anthony Campitelli ◽  
Sally Paulson ◽  
Erica Madero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Walking Test

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is expected to triple by 2050, affecting 16 million Americans. As a result, it is essential to combat this alarming increase in cognitive impairment through early detection. Cardiometabolic risk factors have shown to be associated with higher risk of AD. The purpose of this study was to determine if cardiometabolic risk factors could predict executive function scores in a high-risk population. Fifty (60.9±8.8 years) high-risk adults (classified by the Australian National University Alzheimer’s Disease Risk Index) were enrolled in this study. Participants completed a 6-minute walking test, venous blood draw, blood pressure measurement, and the digit coding symbol test (DCS). Results were examined through a multiple linear regression with DCS as the dependent variable and age, sex, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), glucose, 6-minute walking test, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) as predictor variables. The model explained 42% of the variance of DCS (p = .04) with SBP (45%; p = .003) as a significant predictor. LDL (p = .087) and DBP (p = .123) accounted for 24% and 22% of the variance for this model, respectively. These results suggest cardiometabolic risk factors predict executive function values in high-risk individuals. Higher SBP was significantly associated with lower DCS scores indicating SBP as a valuable tool for practitioners when evaluating cognitive decline. Further research should expand sample size and track values longitudinally to substantiate these claims.

scholarly journals Polygenic risk score for Alzheimer’s disease and trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors in children

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanna S Korologou-Linden ◽  
Linda O’Keeffe ◽  
Laura D Howe ◽  
George Davey Smith ◽  
Hannah Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Factors

AbstractINTRODUCTIONCardiometabolic factors are implicated in the aetiology of Alzheimer’s disease and may lie on the pathways linking genetic variants to Alzheimer’s disease across the life course. We examined whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) were associated with cardiometabolic health indicators through childhood and adolescence.METHODSIn 7,977 participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we tested whether a PRS for Alzheimer’s disease was associated with trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors. We examined trajectories for height 1-18 years; lean and fat mass 9-18 years; systolic and diastolic blood pressure 7-18 years; glucose and C-reactive protein 9-18 years; insulin 10-18 years; high and low-density lipoproteins and triglycerides birth-18 years. We also examined birthweight, interleukin-6 (IL-6) at age 9 years and physical activity at ages 11, 12, and 15 years.RESULTSNo consistent associations were observed between the PRS excluding genetic variants in the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene region and cardiometabolic factors trajectories across childhood and adolescence.CONCLUSIONWe did not detect evidence to suggest that the PRS for Alzheimer’s disease acts through childhood and adolescent cardiometabolic risk factors. Further studies should examine whether these associations emerge later in adulthood when variation in cardiometabolic risk factors is likely to be greater.

scholarly journals Polygenic risk score for Alzheimer’s disease and trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanna Korologou-Linden ◽  
Linda O'Keeffe ◽  
Laura D. Howe ◽  
George Davey-Smith ◽  
Hannah J. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Factors

Introduction: Cardiometabolic factors are implicated in the aetiology of Alzheimer’s disease and may lie on the pathways linking genetic variants to Alzheimer’s disease across the life course. We examined whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) were associated with cardiometabolic health indicators through childhood and adolescence. Methods: In 7,977 participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, we tested whether a PRS for Alzheimer’s disease was associated with trajectories of cardiometabolic risk factors. We examined trajectories for height at 1-18 years; lean and fat mass at 9-18 years; systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 7-18 years; glucose and C-reactive protein at 9-18 years; insulin at 10-18 years; and high and low-density lipoproteins and triglycerides birth at 18 years. We also examined birthweight and interleukin-6 (IL-6) at age 9 years and physical activity at ages 11, 12, and 15 years. Results: No consistent associations were observed between the PRS excluding genetic variants in the apolipoprotein E gene region and cardiometabolic factors trajectories across childhood and adolescence. Conclusions: We did not detect evidence to suggest that the PRS for Alzheimer’s disease acts through childhood and adolescent cardiometabolic risk factors. Further studies should examine whether these associations emerge later in adulthood when variation in cardiometabolic risk factors is likely to be greater.

Elucidating the risk factors for progression from amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment to dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung-Ji Kim ◽  
Jae-Hong Lee ◽  
E-nae Cheong ◽  
Sung-Eun Chung ◽  
Sungyang Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Amnestic Mci

Background: Amyloid PET allows for the assessment of amyloid β status in the brain, distinguishing true Alzheimer’s disease from Alzheimer’s disease-mimicking conditions. Around 15–20% of patients with clinically probable Alzheimer’s disease have been found to have no significant Alzheimer’s pathology on amyloid PET. However, a limited number of studies had been conducted this subpopulation in terms of clinical progression. Objective: We investigated the risk factors that could affect the progression to dementia in patients with amyloid-negative amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: This study was a single-institutional, retrospective cohort study of patients over the age of 50 with amyloidnegative amnestic MCI who visited the memory clinic of Asan Medical Center with a follow-up period of more than 36 months. All participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), detailed neuropsychological testing, and fluorine-18[F18]-florbetaben amyloid PET. Results: During the follow-up period, 39 of 107 patients progressed to dementia from amnestic MCI. In comparison with the stationary group, the progressed group had a more severe impairment in verbal and visual episodic memory function and hippocampal atrophy, which showed an Alzheimer’s disease-like pattern despite the lack of evidence for significant Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Voxel-based morphometric MRI analysis revealed that the progressed group had a reduced gray matter volume in the bilateral cerebellar cortices, right temporal cortex, and bilateral insular cortices. Conclusion: Considering the lack of evidence of amyloid pathology, clinical progression of these subpopulation may be caused by other neuropathologies such as TDP-43, abnormal tau or alpha synuclein that lead to neurodegeneration independent of amyloid-driven pathway. Further prospective studies incorporating biomarkers of Alzheimer’s diseasemimicking dementia are warranted.

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