Risk Factors for Cognitive Decline in Elderly People: Findings from the Two-year Follow-Up Study in Shanghai Urban Community

ABSTRACT Objective: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are considered as the risk factors for dementia (PDD). Posterior cortically based functions, such as visuospatial and visuoperceptual (VS-VP) processing, have been described as predictors of PDD. However, no investigations have focused on the qualitative analysis of the Judgment of Line Orientation Test (JLOT) and the Facial Recognition Test (FRT) in PD-SCD and PD-MCI. The aim of this work was to study the VS-VP errors in JLOT and FRT. Moreover, these variables are considered as predictors of PDD. Method: Forty-two PD patients and 19 controls were evaluated with a neuropsychological protocol. Patients were classified as PD-SCD and PD-MCI. Analyses of errors were conducted following the procedure described by Ska, Poissant, and Joanette (1990). Follow-up assessment was conducted to a mean of 7.5 years after the baseline. Results: PD-MCI patients showed a poor performance in JLOT and FRT total score and made a greater proportion of severe intraquadrant (QO2) and interquadrant errors (IQO). PD-SCD showed a poor performance in FRT and made mild errors in JLOT. PD-MCI and QO2/IQO errors were independent risk factors for PDD during the follow-up. Moreover, the combination of both PD-MCI diagnosis and QO2/IQO errors was associated with a greater risk. Conclusions: PD-MCI patients presented a greater alteration in VS-VP processing observable by the presence of severe misjudgments. PD-SCD patients also showed mild difficulties in VS-SP functions. Finally, QO2/IQO errors in PD-MCI are a useful predictor of PDD, more than PD-MCI diagnosis alone.

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PUTRA-Adol study: protocol for an observational follow-up study to assess the tracking of dietary patterns linked to cardiometabolic risk factors and its prospective relationship with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, carotid intima-medial thickness and mental well-being during adolescence in Malaysia

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044747 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e044747

Author(s):

Geeta Appannah ◽

Nor Aishah Emi ◽

Mugambikai Magendiran ◽

Zalilah Mohd Shariff ◽

Azriyanti Anuar Zaini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Well Being ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Carotid Intima Medial Thickness ◽

Mental Well Being

IntroductionGrowing evidence suggesting that dietary intakes of adolescents are generally of poor quality but not adequately assessed in relation to the early manifestation of non-communicable diseases. This study aimed; (1) to examine tracking of an empirical dietary pattern (DP) linked to cardiometabolic risk factors and, (2) to assess prospective relationships between a DP characterised by high intakes of dietary energy density (DED) and added sugar, and cardiometabolic risk factors, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), carotid intima-medial thickness (CIMT) and mental well-being during adolescence.Methods and analysisThe PUTRA-Adol is a prospective follow-up study that builds up from 933 Malaysian adolescents who were initially recruited from three southern states in Peninsular Malaysia in 2016 (aged 13 years then). Two sessions are planned; the first session will involve the collection of socio-economy, physical activity, dietary intakes, mental well-being, body image, risk taking behaviour, sun exposure, family functioning and menstrual (in women) information. The second session of data collection will be focused on direct assessments such as venesection for blood biochemistry, anthropometry and ultrasonography imaging of liver and bilateral carotid arteries. Z-scores for an empirical DP will be identified at 16 years using reduced rank regression. Multilevel modelling will be conducted to assess the tracking of DP and prospective analysis between the DP, cardiometabolic health, NAFLD, CIMT and mental well-being.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for the conduct of this follow-up study was obtained from the Universiti Putra Malaysia’s Ethics Committee for Research Involving Human Subjects (JKEUPM) (Reference number: JKEUPM-2019–267). The findings from this study will be disseminated in conferences and peer-reviewed journals.DiscussionThe findings gathered from this study will provide evidence on prospective relationships between DPs, cardiometabolic risk factors, NAFLD, early atherosclerosis and mental well-being and that it may be mediated particularly DED and added sugar during adolescence.

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Incidence and risk factors for trocar site hernia following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A long-term follow-up study

Hernia ◽

10.1007/s10029-012-0929-y ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 431-437 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

E. Erdas ◽

C. Dazzi ◽

F. Secchi ◽

S. Aresu ◽

A. Pitzalis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Trocar Site ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Trocar Site Hernia ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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Tracking of cardiovascular disease risk factors including maximal oxygen uptake and physical activity from late teenage to adulthood An 8-year follow-up study

Journal of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2796.1993.tb00748.x ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 234 (3) ◽

pp. 309-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

L. B. ANDERSEN ◽

J. HARALDSDÓTTIR

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽

Follow Up Study

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