Multiple sclerosis and immunological-related risk factors: Results from a case-control study

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdi Eftekharian ◽  
Mehrnoush Mousavi ◽  
Mona Bahmani Hormoz ◽  
Ghodratollah Roshanaei ◽  
Mehrdokht Mazdeh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Control Study

Shared breastfeeding & other early multiple sclerosis risk factors: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 102812
Author(s):  
Nuha M. Alkhawajah ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb ◽  
Yafa A. Alshamlan ◽  
Mohammad Osama Almohaini ◽  
Ghadah A. Aleissa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Risk ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Potential risk factors for multiple sclerosis in Rio de Janeiro: a case-control study

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (2a) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kátia Regina Penha da Silva ◽  
Regina Maria Papais Alvarenga ◽  
Oscar Fernandez y Fernandez ◽  
Hélcio Alvarenga ◽  
Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Control Study

PURPOSE: To evaluate potential risk factors for the development of multiple sclerosis in Brazilian patients. METHOD: A case control study was carried out in 81 patients enrolled at the Department of Neurology of the Hospital da Lagoa in Rio de Janeiro, and 81 paired controls. A standardized questionnaire on demographic, social and cultural variables, and medical and family history was used. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and conditional logistic regression models with the SPSS for Windows software program. RESULTS: Having standard vaccinations (vaccinations specified by the Brazilian government) (OR=16.2; 95% CI=2.3-115.2), smoking (OR=7.6; 95% CI=2.1-28.2), being single (OR=4.7; 95% CI=1.4-15.6) and eating animal brain (OR=3.4; 95% CI=1.2-9.8) increased the risk of developing MS. CONCLUSIONS: RESULTS of this study may contribute towards better awareness of the epidemiological characteristics of Brazilian patients with multiple sclerosis.

Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking and Other Multiple Sclerosis Environmental Risk Factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuha M. Alkhawajah ◽  
Salman Aljarallah ◽  
Laith Hussain-Alkhateeb ◽  
Mohammad Osama Almohaini ◽  
Taim A. Muayqil
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Introduction There are a number of well-established risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS). Other factors however, showed conflicting or non-consistent results. Here we examine some factors that are unique to or more practiced in Saudi Arabia (SA) and the Arab region such as waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS), face veiling, raw milk (RM), and camel milk (CM) consumption, tuberculosis (TB) infection in addition to other traditional factors. Methods This is a sex and age matched case-control study in which we used a structured questionnaire to examine the relation between a number of factors and exposures and the risk of MS. Three hundred MS patients and 601 controls were included. Data was analyzed across different statistical models using logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, marital status, duration of breastfeeding, age first joining school, coffee consumption, and face exposure. Results Cigarette smoking [OR = 1.79, (95% CI 1.01-3.17), P =0.047)], WTS [OR = 2.25, (95% CI 1.21-4.15), P =0.010)], and CM consumption [OR = 2.50, (95% CI 1.20-5.21), P =0.014)] increased the risk of MS. While performing hajj [OR = 0.47, (95% CI 0.34-0.67), P =0.001)], TB infection [OR = 0.29, (95% CI 0.11-0.78), P =0.015)], face veiling [OR = 0.32, (95% CI 0.23-0.47), P =0.001)] and coffee consumption [OR =0.67, (95% CI 0.49-0.89), P =0.008)], appeared to be associated with decreased risk. No association was found between fast food, processed meat, soft drinks, animal milk (other than camel) or RM consumption and the risk of MS. Conclusion The results of this case-control study confirm that different means of tobacco smoking are associated with increased risk of MS. It also sheds more light on the complex association between infections and MS.

Multiple sclerosis and environmental risk factors: a case-control study in Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1941-1951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Abbasi ◽  
Seyed Massood Nabavi ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Fereshtehnejad ◽  
Nikan Zerafat Jou ◽  
Iman Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Sociocultural and Demographic Risk Factors for the Development of Multiple Sclerosis in Kuwait: A Case - Control Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0132106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhail N. Al-Shammri ◽  
Magdy G. Hanna ◽  
Arpita Chattopadhyay ◽  
Abayomi O. Akanji
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Demographic Risk ◽  
Demographic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

A case–control study of risk factors for multiple sclerosis in Iran

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Alonso ◽  
Stuart D Cook ◽  
Amir-Hadi Maghzi ◽  
Afshin A Divani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Past History ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sunlight Exposure ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Background: Numerous studies have assessed risk factors for multiple sclerosis (MS), although none have been conducted previously in Iran. Objective: The objective of this study was to study lifestyle and environmental risk factors of MS in the Iranian population. Methods: A case–control study, including 394 MS cases and 394 matched controls, was conducted in MS clinics in different Iranian cities. Information on lifestyles, environmental exposures, and past medical history was obtained from medical charts and phone interviews. Results: In multivariable analysis, sunlight exposure was associated with a lower risk of MS: the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of MS associated with a 1-h increment in daily sunlight was 0.62 (0.53–0.73). Smoking was associated with MS risk in women (OR: 6.48, 95% CI: 1.46–28.78), but not in men (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.31–1.68) ( p = 0.002 for interaction). Finally, past history of common surgical procedures, infectious disorders, or exposure to pets and farm animals was not associated with MS risk. Conclusions: Different modifiable lifestyles, including sunlight exposure and smoking, were associated with lower MS risk in Iran. Interventions aimed at promoting smoking cessation and, more importantly, at increasing exposure to sunlight might contribute to the prevention of MS.

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