scholarly journals Cutting Tool Wearing Identification Through Predictive Maintenance and Its Impact on Surface Quality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Maria Gonzalez Castro ◽  
Giselle Ramirez Sandoval ◽  
Eduard Vidales Coca ◽  
Nuri Cuadrado Lafoz ◽  
Francesc Bonada
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Predictive Maintenance ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Media ◽  
Tool Vibrations

Smart manufacturing has been in the media for a long time, but the reality shows that traditional mechanical manufacturing industries have not been able to implement data solutions aligned with Industry 4.0 standards. This work inquiries into the possibility of measuring cutting tool vibrations for CNC turning machines and presents the data analysis and a predictive model to identify tool wearing that can affects integrity surface quality of the manufactured component. These preliminary results are orientated towards implementing a predictive maintenance methodology in cutting tools.

Device for Wood-Cutting Tool Hardening

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-141
Author(s):  
Anatoly M. Buglaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Surface Plastic Deformation ◽  
Surface Plastic ◽  
Labour Intensity ◽  
Machine Parts ◽  
Wood Cutting ◽  
Electrospark Hardening

Choosing effective methods and devices for surface hardening of wood-cutting tools is problematic due to the variety of their designs and operating conditions. In this regard, the development of such devices becomes an urgent task. According to the literature, one of the effective methods for increasing the service life of machine parts and tools is electrospark hardening or electrospark alloying. Industrial electrospark installations such as “EFI” (electrophysical measurements) and “Elitron” with manual vibrators are used for electrospark hardening. However, using manual vibrators significantly increases the labour intensity and hardening time. Moreover, the surface quality after hardening with manual vibrators is often unsatisfactory. Various mechanized installations have been developed in order to reduce the labour intensity of electrospark hardening. Nevertheless, these installations are designed to harden specific parts and do not allow hardening tools of various designs, including woodcutting tools. The surface quality after hardening in mechanized installations does not always satisfy the customer. Further surface plastic deformation treatments, such as rolling and unrolling with rollers and balls, as well as diamond burnishing, are often used to improve the surface quality after electrospark hardening. The surface quality after additional processing by these methods boosts, although the labour intensity and cost of the hardening process increase. To increase the wear resistance of machine parts and tools, it is reasonable to reduce the height parameters of roughness, increase microhardness, and form the residual compressive stresses, which is ensured by the methods of surface plastic deformation. In this regard, it becomes necessary to use electrospark hardening simultaneously with surface plastic deformation. The work presents the design and features of using the device for hardening. The device was used to strengthen the thicknesser machine knives, which made it possible to almost double their durability. Applying this device, in comparison with using the electrospark hardening with a manual vibrator, reduces the roughness of the hardened surface and improves the surface quality of the processed workpieces. The modes of hardening have been installed, making it possible to effectively harden wood-cutting tools. For citation: Buglaev A.M. Device for Wood-Cutting Tool Hardening. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 5, pp. 134–141. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-5-134-141

scholarly journals A Lightweight Slice-Based Quality of Service Manager for IoT

IoT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-75
Author(s):  
Antonio Oliveira-Jr ◽  
Kleber Cardoso ◽  
Filipe Sousa ◽  
Waldir Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Network Slicing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Service Manager ◽  
Digital Farming

Industry 4.0 and digital farming rely on modern communication and computation technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) to provide smart manufacturing and farming systems. Having in mind a scenario with a high number of heterogeneous connected devices, with varying technologies and characteristics, the deployment of Industry 4.0 and digital farming solutions faces innovative challenges in different domains (e.g., communications, security, quality of service). Concepts such as network slicing and Software-Defined Networking (SDN) provide the means for faster, simpler, scalable and flexible solutions in order to serve a wide range of applications with different Quality-of-Service (QoS) requirements. Hence, this paper proposes a lightweight slice-based QoS manager for non-3GPP IoT focusing on different use cases and their varying requirements and characteristics. Our focus in this work is on non-3GPP IoT unlicensed wireless technologies and not specifically the end-to-end network slice perspective as described in 5G standards. We implemented and evaluated different QoS models in distinct scenarios in a real experimental environment in order to illustrate the potential of the proposed solution.

scholarly journals Tool wear and surface quality of metal matrix composites due to machining: A review

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (5) ◽  
pp. 739-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferial Hakami ◽  
Alokesh Pramanik ◽  
Animesh K Basak
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix Composites ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Tool Life ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Machined Surface

Higher tool wear and inferior surface quality of the specimens during machining restrict metal matrix composites’ application in many areas in spite of their excellent properties. The researches in this field are not well organized, and knowledge is not properly linked to give a complete overview. Thus, it is hard to implement it in practical fields. To address this issue, this article reviews tool wear and surface generation and latest developments in machining of metal matrix composites. This will provide an insight and scientific overview in this field which will facilitate the implementation of the obtained knowledge in the practical fields. It was noted that the hard reinforcements initially start abrasive wear on the cutting tool. The abrasion exposes new cutting tool surface, which initiates adhesion of matrix material to the cutting tool and thus causes adhesion wear. Built-up edges also generate at lower cutting speeds. Although different types of coating improve tool life, only diamond cutting tools show considerably longer tool life. The application of the coolants improves tool life reasonably at higher cutting speed. Pits, voids, microcracks and fractured reinforcements are common in the machined metal matrix composite surface. These are due to ploughing, indentation and dislodgement of particles from the matrix due to tool–particle interactions. Furthermore, compressive residual stress is caused by the particles’ indentation in the machined surface. At high feeds, the feed rate controls the surface roughness of the metal matrix composite; although at low feeds, it was controlled by the particle fracture or pull out. The coarser reinforced particles and lower volume fraction enhance microhardness variations beneath the machined surface.

Effectiveness of the Cryogenic Treatment of Tungsten Carbide Inserts on Tool Wear When in Full Production Operations

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Arner ◽  
Christopher D. Agosti ◽  
John T. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Tool Life ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Process Variable ◽  
Production Lines ◽  
Industrial Partner ◽  
Full Production ◽  
Carbide Inserts

As a cutting tool wears, the quality of the parts being produced by the tool are reduced. Therefore, it is important to change cutting tools whenever the wear on the tool begins to cause unacceptable or out-of-specification parts. However, frequent replacement of tooling is not only expensive, it also results in a loss of production throughput. Therefore, in order to lower tooling costs and increase production rates, it is vital to extend cutting tool life. Thus, this research focuses on establishing the effect that cryogenically treating carbide inserts has on the overall tool life when the tools are operating in production. To validate the effectiveness, multiple treated and untreated cutting tools for five styles of inserts are examined. The cutters are tested in production lines that are fabricating parts for an industrial partner where the only process variable that is changed is the cryogenic treatment of the tooling. For the five insert styles tested, each style provided very consistent changes in overall tool life. However, the amount of improvement was dependent on the tool style. One style was found to have its life doubled, whereas, another style had its life decreased. Possible causes for this difference in effectiveness of the treatment are presented, along with a discussion concerning the actual costs savings that the treatment represents for the industrial partner.

Preparation and Experimental Study of the Complex Shape Carbide Diamond Coated Tools

2013 ◽  
Vol 579-580 ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
You Yi Zheng ◽  
Chun Lin Zhang ◽  
Xing Xin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Diamond Films ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
End Mill ◽  
Laser Raman ◽  
Coated Tools ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hot Filament

The CVD diamond films have a series of excellent performances, so it has a wide range of applications in the cutting tools, wearable devices, electrochemical electrodes and other fields, and it has a very substantial market prospects. In this study, The diamond films with a layer of uniform and smooth were deposited on the surface of the complex surface YG6 carbide end mill by using the hot filament CVD method, the quality of diamond films was detected by using the scanning electron microscopy and the laser Raman spectrometer. The cutting performances of diamond coated end mill were evaluated from the workpiece surface quality and tool life two aspects by cutting silicon carbide aluminum reinforced composites, and compared with the uncoated carbide tools. The experimental results show that because of the cutting tool was pretreated that make tool surface coarsening, leading the surface quality was machined by diamond coated tools is lower than the carbide cutting tools. However, the coating can protect the tools, increase the wear resistance of the coated tools and make the life of the diamond coated tools increase 3-5 times than the carbide cutting tools.

scholarly journals Spectral Properties of Milling and Machined Surface

2016 ◽  
Vol 836-837 ◽  
pp. 570-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabor Stepan ◽  
Mate Toth ◽  
Daniel Bachrathy ◽  
Suri Ganeriwala
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Industrial Case Study ◽  
Machined Surface Quality ◽  
Negative Effect

Machine tool vibrations cause uncomfortable noise, may damage the edges of cutting tools or certain parts of machine tools, but most importantly, they always have negative effect on the quality of the machined surface of workpieces. These vibrations are especially intricate in case of milling processes where complex tool geometries are used, like helical, serrated, non-uniform pitch angles, and so on. During the milling process, the arising vibrations include free, forced, self-excited, and even parametrically forced vibrations together with their different combinations. Regarding surface quality, the most harmful is the self-excited one called chatter, which is related to the regenerative effect of the cutting process. Its relation to machined surface quality is demonstrated in an industrial case study. The modelling and the corresponding cutting stability are presented in case of a helical tool applied for milling with large axial immersions. The extremely rich spectrum of the measured vibration signals are analyzed by means of model-based predictions, and the results are compared with the spectral properties of the corresponding machined surfaces. The conclusions open the way for new kinds of chatter identification.

Adjustment of Mill CNC Parameters to Optimize Cutting Operation and Surface Quality on Acrylic Sheet Machining

2013 ◽  
Vol 377 ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuswara Setiawan ◽  
Sihar Tigor Benjamin Tambunan ◽  
Pram Eliyah Yuliana
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
Spindle Rotation ◽  
Acrylic Sheet ◽  
Cutting Operation

Acrylic is easy to machine. In addition to the advantages derived from the use of mill Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machine on acrylic sheet, there are at least two serious problems that need attention especially in cutting a small part with many vertices. These problems are the presence of excessive heat due to friction between the cutting tool with acrylic sheet on high RPM of spindle rotation, and soft acrylic flakes trapped in crevices of the cutting tools’flute.Generally, the cutting process using a mill CNC machine often is a practice of trial and error. At least nine basic technical parameters need to be optimized. The effectiveness of the parameter values are determined by observing and measuring the actual cutting time using mill CNC machine at given parameter settings, surface texture quality, the level of clarity of the cuts, characteristics of chip formation, and edge roughness.The experimental results showed that the adhesion of acrylic sheet and cutting tools is relatively low. However, the heat of cutting tool due to high spindle rotation, low feed rate, and relatively low melting point of acrylic, tend to form very small, soft, and hot flakes. The acrylic chips have great potential entering the crevices of cutting tools’ flutes, and reducing the cutting power significantly. In other condition, the cutting tool could even be broken if feed rate is too high. Some technical values of these parameters are recommended to obtain optimal CNC based cutting operation and surface quality on acrylic sheet.

scholarly journals Overtourism – occurrences and effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-295
Author(s):  
Maria Catrinel Dragan ◽  
Gabriel Camara
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cost Of Transport ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Media

A phenomenon that has been felt for a long time, but which has recently become widely known, captured the attention of the science and of the media with the new term “overtourism”, leading current studies to a timely conceptualization. The present study tends to conceptualizes the overtourism phenomenon particularly through the analysis of existing literature, both academic and from media, with particular attention to its multidisciplinarity. The findings suggest that the manifestation of overtourism is determined by excessive promotion of same branded destinations, the low cost of transport, the cruises with pre-arranged and fixed stops, and the short-term rental accommodation system. The overtourism affects the quality of life of local communities, it contributes significantly to the alteration of the cultural heritage and to the loss of the destination’s identity, it affects also the natural environment by waste and by the resources taken, and finally it can contributes to the decline of famous tourist destinations.

scholarly journals An Industrial Vision System to Analyze the Wear of Cutting Tools

2017 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 183-194
Author(s):  
Christina Gillmann ◽  
Tobias Post ◽  
Benjamin Kirsch ◽  
Thomas Wischgoll ◽  
Jörg Hartig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Processing Methods ◽  
Comparative Visualization ◽  
Image Series ◽  
Measurement And Evaluation

The wear behavior of cutting tools directly affects the quality of the machined part. The measurement and evaluation of wear is a time consuming and process and is subjective. Therefore, an image-based wear measure that can be computed automatically based on given image series of cutting tools and an objective way to review the resulting wear is presented in this paper. The presented method follows the industrial vision system pipeline where images of cutting tools are used as input which are then transformed through suitable image processing methods to prepare them for the computation of a novel image based wear measure. For multiple cutting tool settings a comparative visualization of the wear measure outputs is presented. The effectiveness of the presented approach is shown by applying the method to measure the wear of four different cutting tool shapes.

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