scholarly journals A Natural Logic System for Large Knowledge Bases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troels Andreasen ◽  
Henrik Bulskov ◽  
Jørgen Fischer Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Inference Engine ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Software System ◽  
Database Application ◽  
Natural Logic ◽  
Common Sense Reasoning ◽  
Database Operations

This paper describes principles and structure for a software system that implements a dialect of natural logic for knowledge bases. Natural logics are formal logics that resemble stylized natural language fragments, and whose reasoning rules reflect common-sense reasoning. Natural logics may be seen as forms of extended syllogistic logic. The paper proposes and describes realization of deductive querying functionalities using a previously specified natural logic dialect called Natura-Log. In focus here is the engineering of an inference engine employing as a key feature relational database operations. Thereby the inference steps are subjected to computation in bulk for scaling-up to large knowledge bases. Accordingly, the system eventually is to be realized as a general-purpose database application package with the database being turned logical knowledge base.

scholarly journals FULL-FLEDGED SEMANTIC ANALYSIS AS A TOOL FOR RESOLVING TRIANGLE-COPA SOCIAL SCENARIOS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Boguslavsky ◽  
◽  
V. G. Dikonov ◽  
T. I. Frolova ◽  
L. L. Iomdin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Text Interpretation ◽  
Common Sense Reasoning ◽  
Two Alternatives ◽  
Common Sense Knowledge

Text interpretation often requires common sense knowledge and reasoning. A convenient tool for developing methods of common sense reasoning are special sets of challenge problems whose interpretation requires sophisticated reasoning. An interesting example is a recently published data set called Triangle Choice of Plausible Alternatives (Triangle-COPA), which contains 100 multiple-choice problems that test the interpretation of social scenarios. Each problem includes a statement and two alternatives. The task is to identify the more plausible alternative. For processing Triangle-COPA data we use SemETAP, a general purpose semantic analyzer. We implement the full scenario of NL understanding starting from NL texts and not from manually composed simplified logical formulas, which is a common practice in logic-based approaches to common sense reasoning. We produce Enhanced Semantic Structures of the statement and both alternatives and check which alternative manifests more semantic agreement with the statement in terms of inferences.

scholarly journals Handling temporality in human activity reasoning

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mariela Morveli-Espinoza ◽  
Juan Carlos Nieves ◽  
Cesar Augusto Tacla
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Formal Reasoning ◽  
Artificial Intelligent ◽  
Common Sense Reasoning ◽  
Local Selection ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Selection

Human-aware Artificial Intelligent systems are goal directed autonomous systems that are capable of interacting, collaborating, and teaming with humans. Activity reasoning is a formal reasoning approach that aims to provide common sense reasoning capabilities to these interactive and intelligent systems. This reasoning can be done by considering evidences –which may be conflicting–related to activities a human performs. In this context, it is important to consider the temporality of such evidence in order to distinguish activities and to analyse the relations between activities. Our approach is based on formal argumentation reasoning, specifically, Timed Argumentation Frameworks (TAF), which is an appropriate technique for dealing with inconsistencies in knowledge bases. Our approach involves two steps: local selection and global selection. In the local selection, a model of the world and of the human’s mind is constructed in form of hypothetical fragments of activities (pieces of evidences) by considering a set of observations. These hypothetical fragments have two kinds of relations: a conflict relation and a temporal relation. Based on these relations, the argumentation attack notion is defined. We define two forms of attacks namely the strong and the weak attack. The former has the same characteristics of attacks in TAF whereas for the latter the TAF approach has to be extended. For determining consistent sets of hypothetical fragments, that are part of an activity or are part of a set of non-conflicting activities, extension-based argumentation semantics are applied. In the global selection, the degrees of fulfillment of activities is determined. We study some properties of our approach and apply it to a scenario where a human performs activities with different temporal relations.

General purpose magnetometer based on hardware-software system DIUS 1.15M

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Ksenofontov ◽  
V. N. Kostin ◽  
M. N. Atlasov
Keyword(s):  
General Purpose ◽  
Software System

Conceptual Pathway Querying of Natural Logic Knowledge Bases from Text Bases

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troels Andreasen ◽  
Henrik Bulskov ◽  
Jørgen Fischer Nilsson ◽  
Per Anker Jensen ◽  
Tine Lassen
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Natural Logic

Common-sense reasoning, theories of

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Horty
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Scientific Reasoning ◽  
Logical Framework ◽  
Applied Logic ◽  
Common Sense Reasoning ◽  
New Information ◽  
Logical Study ◽  
Reasoning Agent

The task of formalizing common-sense reasoning within a logical framework can be viewed as an extension of the programme of formalizing mathematical and scientific reasoning that has occupied philosophers throughout much of the twentieth century. The most significant progress in applying logical techniques to the study of common-sense reasoning has been made, however, not by philosophers, but by researchers in artificial intelligence, and the logical study of common-sense reasoning is now a recognized sub-field of that discipline. The work involved in this area is similar to what one finds in philosophical logic, but it tends to be more detailed, since the ultimate goal is to encode the information that would actually be needed to drive a reasoning agent. Still, the formal study of common-sense reasoning is not just a matter of applied logic, but has led to theoretical advances within logic itself. The most important of these is the development of a new field of ‘non-monotonic’ logic, in which the conclusions supported by a set of premises might have to be withdrawn as the premise set is supplemented with new information.

scholarly journals BIBCON--A General Purpose Software System for MARC-Based Book Catalog Production

1973 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Liz Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Software System ◽  
Line Printer ◽  
Bibliographic Records ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
General Purpose Software

<p class="p1">The BIBCON file <span class="s1">management </span>system, designed for use <span class="s1">on </span>IBM 360 <span class="s1">sys</span>tem <span class="s1">equipment, </span>performs two basic functions: (1) it creates MARC <span class="s1">struc</span>tured, bibliographic records from untagged input data; (2) from these records it produces page image output for book catalogs. The system accepts data from several different input <span class="s1">devices </span>and can produce a <span class="s1">variety </span>of <span class="s1">output </span>formats by line printer, photocomposition, <span class="s1">or computer </span>output microform (COM).</p>

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