Molecular alterations in oral cancer between tobacco chewers and smokers using serum proteomics

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Varshasnata Mohanty ◽  
Yashwanth Subbannayya ◽  
Shankargouda Patil ◽  
Riaz Abdulla ◽  
Mandakulutur S. Ganesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Tobacco Exposure ◽  
Community Screening ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Serum Proteomics ◽  
Tandem Mass Tag ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Risk Populations

BACKGROUND: Tobacco exposure (through smoking or chewing) is one of the predominant risk factors associated with the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Despite the growing number of patients diagnosed with OSCC, there are few circulating biomarkers for identifying individuals at a higher risk of developing the disease. Successful identification of candidate molecular markers for risk assessment could aid in the early detection of oral lesions and potentially used for community screening of high-risk populations. OBJECTIVE: Identification of differentially expressed proteins in the serum of oral cancer patients which can serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis of the onset of oral cancer among tobacco users. METHODS: We employed a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics approach to study alterations in the serum proteomes of OSCC patients based on their tobacco exposure habits (chewing and smoking) compared to healthy individuals with no history of using any form of tobacco or any symptoms of the disease.

Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase gene expression in oral squamous cell carcinomas.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17002-e17002
Author(s):  
Rajkumar Kottayasamy Seenivasagam ◽  
Arun Kumar Ganesan ◽  
Rajaraman Ramamurthy ◽  
Munirajan Arasambattu Kannan ◽  
Deva Magendhra Rao
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Splice Variants ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Uroporphyrinogen Decarboxylase ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
The Mean

e17002 Background: Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers in India. Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UROD), a key regulator of heme biosynthesis, has recently been suggested as a novel tumor-selective radiosensitizing target against head and neck cancers. Further, a recent study has suggested that tumors with UROD expression may have poorer outcomes and higher rates of recurrence. We tested the expression of UROD splice variants in oral cancer patients who were treated in our hospital to study its expression and impact on the patients. Methods: The expression of both coding and noncoding splice variants of UROD gene was tested in 42 patients (31 male, 11 female) with oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas treated in 2011-12. Pretreatment tumor biopsies were collected and mRNA was extracted using Quiagen RNeasy kit method. cDNA was synthesized using Superscript III and subjected for UROD expression using specific primers. UROD expression and clinical data of patients were analyzed using IBM SPSS 20 Software. Results: The mean age of the patients was 52 years (range 32-70). Buccal mucosa (n=17) and tongue (n=13) were the most common subsites. Seventy six percent had locally advanced disease (T3/T4 and node-positive) and high-grade (70%) cancers. Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) (n =25) and chemotherapy (CT) (n = 10) was given in 35 patients of which 5 had progressive disease. The mean follow up was 11 months. Thirty seven patients were operated, 5 developed locoregional recurrence and 2 developed spine metastases and died during follow-up. UROD was expressed in 23 (54.8%) patients (coding variant = 52.8%, noncoding = 26%). There was no correlation between UROD expression and age, sex, subsite, stage, grade or node positivity. Patients with UROD expression had a slightly poorer response to CRT/CT (30.4% vs 24.1%; p =NS). Similarly, though they had a slightly higher incidence of recurrence, the difference was not significant. Both patients with spinal recurrence had UROD expression. Conclusions: UROD is highly expressed in oral cancer patients in India. Its proposed radiosensitizing and prognostic role in treatment and outcomes though promising needs further evaluation in a larger number of patients.

scholarly journals Comparative yield of different active TB case finding interventions in a large urban TB project in central Uganda: a descriptive study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 975-984
Author(s):  
Andrew Kazibwe ◽  
Fred Twinomugisha ◽  
Joseph Musaazi ◽  
Florence Nakaggwa ◽  
Disan Lukanga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Tuberculosis Screening ◽  
Community Screening ◽  
Systematic Screening ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Keywords Tuberculosis ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Screening Approaches

Introduction: Systematic screening for TB among patients presenting to care and among high risk populations is recom- mended to improve TB case finding. We aimed to describe the comparative yield of three TB screening approaches imple- mented by a large urban TB project in central Uganda. Methods: We abstracted data on the screening cascade from 65 health facilities and their surrounding communities (num- bers screened, with presumptive TB, receiving a diagnostic test and diagnosed with TB) from the different clinic and com- munity TB registers. Results: From January 2018 to December 2019, 93,378 (24%) of all patients screened at health facilities had presumptive TB; 77,381 (82.9%) received a diagnostic test and 14,305 (18.5%) were diagnosed with TB. The screening yield (the number of patients diagnosed with TB out of all patients screened) was 0.3% and was three times higher among men than women (0.6% vs 0.2% p<0.01). During targeted community screening interventions, 9874 (21.1%) of all patients screened had presumptive TB; 7034 (71.2%) of these received a diagnostic test and 1699 (24.2%) were diagnosed with TB. The screening yield was higher among men, (3.7% vs 3.3% p<0.01) and highest among children 0-14 (4.8% vs 3.2% p<0.01). Conclusion: Targeted community TB screening interventions improve access to TB diagnosis for men and children 0-14 years. Keywords: Tuberculosis; screening; community; Uganda.

ORAL CANCER X INHERITANCE: FAMILIAR HISTORY OF MALIGNANCIES IN FIRST GRADE RELATIVES OF ORAL CANCER PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. e151-e152
Author(s):  
CAIO NAOKI ISHIKAWA ◽  
GESSICA DE SOUZA ◽  
FERNANDINA ALVES MOREIRA ◽  
PRISCILA SILVA ◽  
PAULA SENA DA MATA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Serum Cotinine Level as a Tobacco Exposure Related Biomarker in Oral Cavity Malignancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2181-2187
Author(s):  
Anand Guddur ◽  
Shah A M ◽  
Amol D Langade ◽  
Shreesh A Kolekar ◽  
Lahoti Jeevan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Oral Cavity Cancer ◽  
Tobacco Exposure ◽  
Serum Cotinine ◽  
Cotinine Level ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
Tobacco Chewing

Oral cancer has posed a challenge to us with its incidence as high as around 20% of total body cancers aim of the study was to quantify serum cotinine level as tobacco exposure-related biomarker in controls, chronic tobacco chewers (High risk for oral cavity malignancy) and oral cavity cancer patients. This was a hospital-based case-control study of 24 months duration in controls, chronic tobacco chewers and oral cancer patients. A total of 150 subjects had enrolled after meeting the inclusion & exclusion criteria. The commonest age group of oral cavity malignancy was 41 to 50 years. Males were found to be more affected than females. Tobacco chewing was the most common habits in a male patient and mishri application in female patients. In this study, 90% of patients had a history of tobacco consumption for the last ten years or more. Frequency of tobacco chewing was more in chronic tobacco chewers (30% in more than ten times a day) compared to oral cavity malignancy group (16% in more than ten times a day). The majority (more than 50%) of patients had tumour arising from the buccal mucosa, and histopathological studies revealed that 48% of patients had well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Serum cotinine level in non-tobacco exposure group is less than 1 ng/mL. Conclusion- Tobacco chewing habit is a high-risk factor for oral cancer. Chronic tobacco chewers can be included in the high-risk group for oral cavity cancer. Serum cotinine level can be used as a tumour marker for oral cancer patients.

scholarly journals Role of HRCT Thorax in pre-operative assessment of RT-PCR COVID-19 negative oral cancer patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 008-011
Author(s):  
Ganta Roopa ◽  
Kantharia Shehnaz R ◽  
Shah Bhavin Bhupendra ◽  
Vasava Rajinikant Mohan ◽  
Vaishnav Tushar Vishnuprasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
Complete Disruption ◽  
Operative Assessment

Background: Oral cancer accounts for 30% of all types of cancer in India. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment but due to the recent outbreak of COVID-19, there is a partial or complete disruption of health services in the country. The initial delay in the treatment was due to cancellations of planned surgeries as per government regulations and reduction in public transportation. In the latter half of the initial relaxation of the lockdown, we formulated our institutional protocol for the surgical treatment of oral cancer patients. On admission, all patients were kept in isolated wards followed by RT-PCR (Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction) testing on the same day. RT-PCR negative patients are subjected to HRCT Thorax (High-resolution Computer Tomography). This ensured the safety of health care workers, patients, and patient attendees. Keeping this in mind, we did an observational study on the role of HRCT in the pre-operative screening of asymptomatic oral cancer patients. Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 150 patients was done. HRCT reporting was done by two experienced senior radiologists of the Department of Radiology at our hospital. Results: The number of patients under the CO-RADS 1 category was 121 and CO-RADS 2 category was 29, according to CO-RADS classification. The results of RT-PCR and HRCT were compared and there was a 100% positive correlation between RT-PCR and HRCT Thorax. Conclusion: Our study supported the use of HRCT Thorax as a diagnostic tool in pre-operative screening of oral cancer patients for COVID 19, particularly in RT-PCR negative cases.

scholarly journals High Expression of KLF10 Is Associated with Favorable Survival in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Chung-Min Yeh ◽  
Yi-Ju Lee ◽  
Po-Yun Ko ◽  
Yueh-Min Lin ◽  
Wen-Wei Sung
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cancer Stage ◽  
Independent Prognostic Marker ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients ◽  
The Impact

Background and objectives: Krüppel-like transcription factor 10 (KLF10) plays a vital role in regulating cell proliferation, including the anti-proliferative process, activation of apoptosis, and differentiation control. KLF10 may also act as a protective factor against oral cancer. We studied the impact of KLF10 expression on the clinical outcomes of oral cancer patients to identify its role as a prognostic factor in oral cancer. Materials and Methods: KLF10 immunoreactivity was analyzed by immunohistochemical (IHC) stain analysis in 286 cancer specimens from primary oral cancer patients. The prognostic value of KLF10 on overall survival was determined by Kaplan–Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazard model. Results: High KLF10 expression was significantly associated with male gender and betel quid chewing. The 5-year survival rate was greater for patients with high KLF10 expression than for those with low KLF10 expression (62.5% vs. 51.3%, respectively; p = 0.005), and multivariate analyses showed that high KLF10 expression was the only independent factor correlated with greater overall patient survival. The significant correlation between high KLF10 expression and a higher 5-year survival rate was observed in certain subgroups of clinical parameters, including female gender, non-smokers, cancer stage T1, and cancer stage N0. Conclusions: KLF10 expression, detected by IHC staining, could be an independent prognostic marker for oral cancer patients.

scholarly journals 570. “I don’t know”: The Typical Response When Taking Pneumococcal Immunization Histories in Kidney Transplant Candidates

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S349-S351
Author(s):  
Jahanavi M Ramakrishna ◽  
Tambi Jarmi ◽  
Claudia R Libertin
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccine ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Pneumococcal Vaccination ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Order Completion ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Vaccine-preventable diseases account for significant morbidity and mortality in the kidney transplant (KT) patient population. AST Guidelines support review and documentation of pneumococcal vaccines in KT candidate infectious disease (ID) evaluations. The objective of this study is to determine the number of KT candidates screened for prior pneumococcal immunizations and the frequency of vaccines ordered by providers when indicated at Mayo Clinic Florida’s (MCF) Transplant Center. Methods This study was an institution-based retrospective analysis of all KT candidates evaluated at MCF from December 2, 2019 – January 14, 2020. Data collection was obtained by electronic health record review. Outcomes included known history and documentation rates of prior pneumococcal vaccinations (both Prevnar 13 and Pneumovax 23) by infectious disease (ID) providers, as well as pneumococcal vaccine order frequency during ID pre-transplant evaluation when indicated. Data analysis was done using simple descriptive statistics. Results Sixty-one patients underwent KT evaluation during the study period. Among the 61 patients, 20 (32.8%) and 20 (32.8%) had a known prior history of receiving Prevnar 13 and Pneumovax 23 vaccinations, respectively. Vaccine history was unknown for Prevnar 13 and Pneumovax 23 in 39 (63.9%) patients. Vaccine status was not documented by ID providers in 2 (3.3%) patients. When appropriate, ID providers ordered Prevnar 13 and Pneumovax 23 in 38 (92.7%) and 41 (100%) patients, respectively. Orders included both electronic and written documentation to account for patients planning immunization elsewhere. Of the 38 patients advised to receive the Prevnar 13 vaccine, 17 (41.5%) patients were documented completing immunization. Pneumovax 23 order completion rates were not recorded since the study period only lasted six weeks due to closure by COVID-19. Table 1. Pneumococcal Vaccine History Documentation Rates Obtained by Patient Recall or Records Table 2. Pneumococcal Vaccine Order Rates at Pre-Kidney Transplant Consultations Table 3. Prevnar 13 Order Completion Rate by Documentation Conclusion The data reflect a high number of patients who either do not recall or have documentation of prior pneumococcal vaccination available at time of KT ID evaluation. Providers documented history of pneumococcal vaccinations extremely well, ordering immunizations when necessary. This study highlights lack of portability of immunization histories in a given patient population and opportunity for improved care. Disclosures Claudia R. Libertin, MD, Pfizer, Inc. (Grant/Research Support, Research Grant or Support)

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