Gait kinematics in Low Back Pain: A non-linear approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Christos Tsigkanos ◽  
Theano Demestiha ◽  
Chara Spiliopoulou ◽  
Georgios Tsigkanos
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Movement Variability ◽  
Optoelectronic System ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Healthy Participants

BACKGROUND: Kinematic analysis has been a dominant tool for addressing the neuromuscular and proprioceptive alterations that occur in Low Back Pain (LBP) patients. Movement variability is a crucial component of this analysis. During the past years a promising approach appears to be the application of non-linear indices. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare movement variability, as expressed mainly by non-linear indices, at the pelvis and lumbar between LBP patients and healthy participants during gait. METHODS: Sixteen (16) LBP patients and thirteen (13) healthy control subjects (non-athletes) participated in the study. Participants walked on a treadmill at different walking conditions while recorded by a 6-infrared camera optoelectronic system. Kinematic variability of pelvic and lumbar movement was analyzed using linear (standard deviation) and non-linear indices (Maximal Lyapunov Exponent – LyE and Approximate Entropy – ApEn). RESULTS: Healthy subjects were found to have significantly greater mean values than LBP patients at seven pelvic and lumbar components in LyE, ApEn and SD. Specifically, the calculated LyE at the pelvis during normal gait was proven to have a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 90% in the discrimination of healthy subjects from LBP patients. Female subjects presented with higher variability in gait measures than males. CONCLUSION: Healthy participants presented with higher movement variability in their kinematic behavior in comparison to LBP patients. Lower variability values may be partly explained by the attempt of LBP patients to avoid painful end of range of motion positions. In this perspective non-linear indices seem to relate to qualitive characteristics of movement that need to be taken into consideration during rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Isokinetic Trunk Strength in Acute Low Back Pain Patients Compared to Healthy Subjects: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2576
Author(s):  
Waleska Reyes-Ferrada ◽  
Luis Chirosa-Rios ◽  
Angela Rodriguez-Perea ◽  
Daniel Jerez-Mayorga ◽  
Ignacio Chirosa-Rios
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Isokinetic Strength ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Acute Low Back Pain ◽  
Trunk Strength

Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to: (I) determine the quality of evidence from studies assessing trunk isokinetic strength in subjects with acute low back pain (ALBP) compared to healthy subjects and (II) establish reference values of isokinetic trunk strength in subjects with ALBP. Methodology: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statements were followed using keywords associated with trunk, strength and low back pain. Four databases were used: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and SPORTDiscus. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS). Results: A total of 1604 articles were retrieved, four included in this review. All were evaluated as high risk of bias (Rob). Due to the high Rob and the diversity of protocols, instruments and variables used, it was not possible to determine reference values for subjects with ALBP, we can only establish a range of flexion peak torque (PT) between 175.1 and 89.7 Nm at 60°/s and between 185 and 81.5 Nm at 120°/s, and for extension PT between 240.0 and 91.5 Nm at 60°/s and between 217.5 and 69.2 Nm at 120°/s in subjects with ALBP. Conclusions: Due to the low quality of the evidence and the diversity of protocols used when measuring trunk isokinetic strength, it is necessary to carry out new high-quality research to establish reference values of trunk strength in subjects with ALBP.

Peripheral Autonomic Potentials in Primary Headache and Drug-Induced Headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Evers ◽  
H Voss ◽  
B Bauer ◽  
P Sörös ◽  
I-W Husstedt
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Type Headache ◽  
Drug Induced Headache

Autonomic functions of different primary headache types have been investigated in several studies, most of them analyzing cardiovascular reflex mechanisms or biochemical changes. The results are contradictory; only in tension-type headache and in cluster headache has a sympathetic hypofunction been shown in a preponderance of studies. We analyzed the peripheral autonomous potentials (PAPs) in different primary headache types and in drug-induced headache and compared the results with those of healthy subjects and of patients with low back pain. Latencies of PAPs were significantly increased in all headache types but not in low back pain; amplitudes of PAPs did not show significant differences compared to healthy subjects. Patients with a long duration of drug abuse had increased PAP latencies, whereas patients with a high number of migraine attacks per year had decreased latencies. Our data suggest that sympathetic hypo-function as measured by PAP latencies is a general phenomenon in headache but not in all pain syndromes. Drug abuse leads to an increase of this hypofunction. While measuring PAPs is not an appropriate method by which to differentiate between headache disorders, it allows assessment of autonomic disturbances in primary and drug-induced headache.

Patterns of Hip Rotation Range of Motion: A Comparison Between Healthy Subjects and Patients with Low Back Pain

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Barbee Ellison ◽  
Steven J Rose ◽  
Shirley A Sahrmann
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Hip Rotation

Movement variability in adults with low back pain during sit-to-stand-to-sit

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Ippersiel ◽  
Shawn Robbins ◽  
Richard Preuss
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Movement Variability ◽  
Sit To Stand

Comparison of novel kinematic variables between patients with different stages of low back pain and healthy subjects

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. e62
Author(s):  
B. Hidalgo ◽  
T. Hall ◽  
M. Gilliaux ◽  
C. Detrembleur
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Low Back

The Amount and Temporal Structure of Center of Pressure Fluctuations During Quiet Standing in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain

Motor Control ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-112
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Azadinia ◽  
Ismail Ebrahimi-Takamjani ◽  
Mojtaba Kamyab ◽  
Morteza Asgari ◽  
Mohamad Parnianpour
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Nonlinear Parameters

The characteristics of postural sway were assessed in quiet standing under three different postural task conditions in 14 patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain and 12 healthy subjects using linear and nonlinear center of pressure parameters. The linear parameters consisted of area, the mean total velocity, sway amplitude, the SD of velocity, and the phase plane portrait. The nonlinear parameters included the Lyapunov exponent, sample entropy, and the correlation dimension. The results showed that the amount of postural sway was higher in the patients with low back pain compared with the healthy subjects. Assessing the nonlinear parameters of the center of pressure showed a lower sample entropy and a higher correlation dimension in the patients with low back pain compared with the healthy subjects. The results of this study demonstrate the greater regularity and higher dimensionality of the center of pressure fluctuations in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain, which suggests that these patients adopt different postural control strategies to maintain an upright stance.

Back extensor muscle oxygenation and fatigability in healthy subjects and low back pain patients during dynamic back extension exertion

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Kankaanpää ◽  
Willy N. Colier ◽  
Simo Taimela ◽  
Christoph Anders ◽  
Olavi Airaksinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Extensor Muscle ◽  
Muscle Oxygenation ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Pain Patients ◽  
Back Extensor
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