An assessment of the effects of variations in the Palmaris longus tendon and the fifth superficial flexor digitorum on pinch and grip strength

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 743-747
Author(s):  
A.R. Sadeghifar ◽  
A. Karbalaeikhani ◽  
A.R. Saied
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longus Tendon ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Palmaris Longus Tendon ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

INTRODUCTION: The effect of the absence or presence of the Palmaris longus tendon on pinch and grip strength was investigated in this study. Similarly, the effect of the presence or absence of the fifth superficial flexor digitorum on grip strength in the hand was studied. The aim of the present study was to assess the combined effect of these anatomical variations on pinch and grip strength. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 523 volunteers and their 1046 hands were enrolled. Each hand was assessed for the presence or absence of the Palmaris longus tendon and for variations in the fifth superficial flexor digitorum function. Then the grip and pinch power of the hands were measured with the Jammar Dynamometer. RESULTS: The presence or absence of Palmaris longus had no effect on grip strength in the individuals studied. Likewise, variations in fifth superficial flexor digitorum function had no effect on grip and pinch strengths. But the results of statistical testing showed the effect of the presence of Palmaris longus on pinch strength (25.38 lbs in hands with Palmaris present vs 24.43 lbs in hands without Palmaris). Pinch and grip power was higher in men than in women and in the right hand than in the left. CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of the present study, it seems that absence of the Palmaris longus tendon is associated with a reduction in pinch strength but has no effect on grip strength, and the variations in the fifth superficial flexor digitorum (flexor digitorum superficialis, or FDS) have no effect on pinch and grip strengths.

Does the Absence of the Palmaris Longus Affect Grip and Pinch Strength?

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. SEBASTIN ◽  
A. Y. T. LIM ◽  
W. H. BEE ◽  
T. C. M. WONG ◽  
B. V. METHIL
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Longus Tendon ◽  
Functional Deficit ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Longus Muscle ◽  
Palmaris Longus Muscle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Palmaris Longus Tendon ◽  
Reconstructive Plastic

The palmaris longus tendon is the most frequently harvested tendon for reconstructive plastic and hand surgical procedures. A question patients often ask is whether loss of the palmaris longus will result in any functional deficit. In order to answer this question, the presence or absence of the palmaris longus muscle was clinically determined in 418 normal Asian subjects. All subjects also had their grip and pinch strengths measured. No statistically significant difference was seen in the grip or pinch strength measurements between subjects who had a palmaris longus tendon and those who did not. This study demonstrates that absence of the palmaris longus is not associated with a decrease of grip or pinch strength.

Early Active Mobilization of Tendon Grafts Using Mesh Reinforced Suture Techniques

1995 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. SILFVERSKIÖLD ◽  
E. J. MAY
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Tendon Graft ◽  
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Profundus ◽  
Longus Tendon ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Active Mobilization ◽  
Palmaris Longus Tendon ◽  
Tendon Grafts ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

The flexor digitorum profundus tendon in 11 digits with division of both flexor tendons in zone 2 was reconstructed with a palmaris longus tendon graft in a two-stage procedure. The distal and proximal fixation of the graft was reinforced with a polyester mesh sleeve placed around the ends of the graft during stage 1. All digits were mobilized with a combination of active extension and active and passive flexion within 3 days of the second stage. There were three ruptures, one due to faulty technique and two due to falls on outstretched hands during alcohol intoxication and football. Excluding the ruptures, the mean active composite distal and proximal interphalangeal joint range of motion 6 weeks and 6 months post-operatively was 141° and 136° respectively. The results indicate that palmaris longus tendon grafts can survive and heal during early active mobilization, with few or no adhesions of functional significance. The techniques described here represent one possible approach to the safe implementation of early active mobilization after tendon grafting procedures.

Lunotriquetral Ligament Reconstruction Utilizing a Palmaris Longus Autograft

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 544-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl M. Harper ◽  
Matthew L. Iorio
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Ligament Reconstruction ◽  
Longus Tendon ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Lunotriquetral Ligament ◽  
Palmaris Longus Tendon ◽  
Tendon Autograft

Injury to the lunotriquetral ligament can result in midcarpal instability, with resultant alterations in normal wrist kinematics and subsequent arthrosis. We performed a previously undescribed technique of lunotriquetral ligament reconstruction in two patients utilizing a palmaris longus tendon autograft. Average age at presentation was 24 years old with a mean follow up of 10 months. Average range of motion was 62.5° of flexion and 57.5° of extension. Total arc of motion was 83% of the contralateral uninvolved extremity. Average grip strength was 31 kg which was 91% of the contralateral extremity. Average Quick Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand score was 12.5 and Modern Activity Subjective Survey of 2007 was 1.5. No complications were noted.

Influence of Smartphone Overuse on Grip Strength, Pinch Strength, and Cross-Sectional Area of Flexor Pollicis Longus Tendon and Median Nerve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Silvian Samuel ◽  
Khalid A Alahmari ◽  
Mohamed Adam ◽  
Ravi Shankar Reddy ◽  
Irshad Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
User Group ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Flexor Pollicis Longus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longus Tendon ◽  
Flexor Pollicis Longus Tendon

Abstract Background and Aim The adverse effects of smartphone size and weight on the hand and hand function have not been studied extensively. This study aimed to investigate the changes to the flexor pollicis longus tendon and median nerve using diagnostic ultrasound for high and low addiction smartphone users. Methodology In this cross-sectional study, 54 healthy male university students were divided into two groups according to the Smartphone Addiction Scale: high and low users. Demographic data, hand grip strength (kg), pinch strength (kg), and smartphone weight, length and width were measured and recorded. Diagnostic ultrasound examination determined the cross-sectional area of the median nerve (mm2) and flexor pollicis longus tendon (mm2) of the dominant and non-dominant hand. Result The cross-sectional area of the median nerve was significantly higher in the high-user group (7.4±1.3 mm2) than the low-user group (6.7±1.0 mm2). The correlation of phone weight, length and width with median nerve area was respectively positive, higher and significant (0.718, 0.747, and 0.733; p<0.05). The flexor pollicis longus tendon in the mid-thenar region was moderately positively correlated with phone length (0.430; p<0.02) for high addiction smartphone users. Conclusion The findings of the current study demonstrates that change to the median nerve and flexor pollicis longus tendon, could be linked to the width, weight and length of the smartphone and high addiction.

scholarly journals Clinical Assessment of the Congenital Absence of Palmaris Longus and Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Muscles in Young Saudi Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohammed Talal Alzahrani ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah Almalki ◽  
Turki Abdullah Al-Thunayan ◽  
Amjaad Hamad Almohawis ◽  
Ahmed Turki Al Turki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Bilateral Absence ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Independent Entity ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Arabian Population

Introduction. Congenital Palmaris Longus (PL) absence was found in 15%–20.25% of population globally. This condition and Flexor Digitorum Superficialis (FDS) tendon absence in little finger are not known in Saudi Arabia. We studied prevalence of PL and FDS agenesis in Saudi Arabian population. Methods. A random cross-sectional study was carried out after an ethical approval in the Riyadh universities. Schaeffer’s test was used to examine PL absence. The Modified test was used to examine FDS absence. Data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel and the SPSS Software version 22. Results. The volunteers, 331, males 164 (49.5%) and females 167 (50.5%), mean age of 23 (SD ± 5.3), showed right hand dominance in 294 (88.8%) and bilateral absence of PL and FDS in 15.1% and 14.8%, respectively. The hand dominance showed no significant relation between PL and FDS absence, p value = 0.788, 0.835, respectively. Generally, we found a weak correlation between absence of the PL and FDS, p value ≥ 0.595. Conclusion. The bilateral absence of PL and FDS was found as 15.1% and 14.8%, respectively. Variation of the FDS tendon absence was an independent entity for the PL absence. The dominance of hands was not related to the tested variables found in PL and FDS agenesis.

scholarly journals Does agenesis of Palmaris Longus tendon affect the hand grip strength?

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Supreeth Nekkanti ◽  
Philomena Zacharias ◽  
Sandhya Kunyil ◽  
Archana Meka
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Longus Tendon ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Palmaris Longus Tendon

Prevalence of Absence of Palmaris Longus and Its Association with Gender, Hand Dominance and Absence of FDS Tendon to Little Finger Among Malay Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 484-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Wen Yong ◽  
Nabihah Yusof ◽  
Lekhraj Rampal ◽  
Manohar Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Test Function ◽  
Palmaris Longus ◽  
Malay Population ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
Little Finger ◽  
Sign Method

Background: Palmaris Longus is being widely used in reconstructive, plastic and cosmetic surgeries due to its long tendon. It is the most readily available source for tendon grafting. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of absence of Palmaris Longus and its association with gender, hand dominance and absence of FDS (flexor digitorum superficialis) tendon to little finger among Malay population. Methods: An analytical cross sectional study design was used and a self-administered proforma was distributed for data collection. 1239 Malay secondary school children in Putrajaya were tested for absence of Palmaris Longus using Schaffer’s test. 4 additional tests namely Thompson’s test, Mishra’s test I, Mishra’s test II and Pushpakumar’s ‘two-finger sign’ method were used to confirm its absence in respondents with negative Schaffer’s test. Function of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis tendon to little finger was determined by flexing PIP of little finger while hyperextend the other fingers. Results: The prevalence of absence of Palmaris Longus was 11.7%. Left side absence of Palmaris Longus was much common. There was a significant association between absence of Palmaris Longus with gender in which female had higher prevalence of absence of Palmaris Longus than male. Conclusions: In conclusion, the prevalence of absence of Palmaris Longus in Malay population was lower than Indian but higher than Chinese population. Females had higher prevalence of absence of Palmaris Longus and no association can be found with hand dominance and absence of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis tendon to little finger.

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