Development of an in vitro screening method for safety evaluation of nanomaterials

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsuko Matsuoka ◽  
Agneta Önfelt ◽  
Yoshie Matsuda ◽  
Ryusuke Nakaoka ◽  
Yuji Haishima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
In Vitro Screening

AN IN-VITRO SCREENING METHOD TO STUDY THE ACTIVITY POTENTIAL OF BIOFERTILIZERS BASED ONTRICHODERMAANDBACILLUSSP.

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1439-1452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafrin Akter ◽  
Markus Weinmann ◽  
Günter Neumann ◽  
Volker Römheld
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
In Vitro Screening

scholarly journals Simple rapid in vitro screening method for SARS-CoV-2 anti-virals that identifies potential cytomorbidity-associated false positives

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kexin Yan ◽  
Daniel J. Rawle ◽  
Thuy T. Le ◽  
Andreas Suhrbier
Keyword(s):  
Cell Density ◽  
Drug Screening ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
False Positives ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Viral Activity ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
In Vitro Drug Screening ◽  
Growth Assay

Abstract Background The international SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in an urgent need to identify new anti-viral drugs for treatment of COVID-19. The initial step to identifying potential candidates usually involves in vitro screening that includes standard cytotoxicity controls. Under-appreciated is that viable, but stressed or otherwise compromised cells, can also have a reduced capacity to replicate virus. A refinement proposed herein for in vitro drug screening thus includes a simple growth assay to identify drug concentrations that cause cellular stress or “cytomorbidity”, as distinct from cytotoxicity or loss of viability. Methods A simple rapid bioassay is presented for antiviral drug screening using Vero E6 cells and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 induced cytopathic effects (CPE) measured using crystal violet staining. We use high cell density for cytotoxicity assays, and low cell density for cytomorbidity assays. Results The assay clearly illustrated the anti-viral activity of remdesivir, a drug known to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication. In contrast, nitazoxanide, oleuropein, cyclosporine A and ribavirin all showed no ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 CPE. Hydroxychloroquine, cyclohexamide, didemnin B, γ-mangostin and linoleic acid were all able to inhibit viral CPE at concentrations that did not induce cytotoxicity. However, these drugs inhibited CPE at concentrations that induced cytomorbidity, indicating non-specific anti-viral activity. Conclusions We describe the methodology for a simple in vitro drug screening assay that identifies potential anti-viral drugs via their ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2-induced CPE. The additional growth assay illustrated how several drugs display anti-viral activity at concentrations that induce cytomorbidity. For instance, hydroxychloroquine showed anti-viral activity at concentrations that slow cell growth, arguing that its purported in vitro anti-viral activity arises from non-specific impairment of cellular activities. The cytomorbidity assay can therefore rapidly exclude potential false positives.

scholarly journals Efficient In Vitro Screening for Higher Soil pH Adaptability of Intersectional Hybrids in Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotoshi Tsuda ◽  
Hisato Kunitake ◽  
Yo Aoki ◽  
Akiko Oyama ◽  
Takuya Tetsumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Apparent Difference ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Ph Tolerance ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Hybrid Clones ◽  
Selection Of

We tested efficient in vitro methods for screening the genotypes with higher pH tolerance using multiple shoots of intersectional hybrids between Vaccinium corymbosum ‘Spartan’ and V. bracteatum. The response of the four hybrid clones tested to different pH levels was clone-dependent in vitro. An apparent difference was found in the rooting rate among the hybrid clones even at higher pH levels; the rooting rates of JM4 (91%) at pH 8.0 indicated a significantly high value compared with other clones (JM1: 24%, JM2: 9%, JM3: 8%, ‘Spartan’: 0%). Furthermore, JM4 showed constantly high rooting rates (91% to 100%) at all pH levels with no significant differences. Similar differences in the root characters of the hybrids were also confirmed by checking the viability of roots using fluorescein diacetate (FDA)/propidium iodide (PI) staining after dipping the roots of in vitro-produced shoots in liquid medium at different pH levels for 6 hours. These results suggest that an in vitro screening method using the rooting rate of multiple shoots and the viability test of roots by FDA/PI staining as a marker could become a very useful tool for the selection of germplasm with tolerance to higher pH within a short time using small planting spaces. In addition, JM4, which showed a high rooting rate at pH 8.0, could be useful in breeding new cultivars with higher pH tolerance.

In vitro screening method for gastrotoxicity using mucin layer

2010 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. S141
Author(s):  
J. Ha ◽  
S.C. Park ◽  
H. Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Mucin Layer

In vitro screening method for the evaluation of histamine release from rat peritoneal cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Abdel-Ilah El Amrani ◽  
Stéphane Loriot ◽  
Francine El Amrani ◽  
Séverine Sarlang ◽  
Armelle Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histamine Release ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Peritoneal Cells

scholarly journals Assessment of drugs againstCryptosporidium parvumusing a simple in vitro screening method

1999 ◽  
Vol 178 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Armson ◽  
Bruno P. Meloni ◽  
James A. Reynoldson ◽  
R.C.Andrew Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Screening Method ◽  
In Vitro Screening
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