scholarly journals Detecting diffuse axonal injury in rat brainstems by diffusion tensor imaging and AQP4 expression

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (s1) ◽  
pp. S1169-S1175
Author(s):  
Wenbin Zheng ◽  
Chunlin Ma ◽  
Lingmei Kong ◽  
Xiran Chen ◽  
Wenyao Fan
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Aqp4 Expression

scholarly journals Effect of Alcohol on Diffuse Axonal Injury in Rat Brainstem: Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Aquaporin-4 Expression Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingmei Kong ◽  
Gengpeng Lian ◽  
Wenbin Zheng ◽  
Huimin Liu ◽  
Haidu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Brain Edema ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Aquaporin 4 ◽  
Aqp4 Expression ◽  
Adc Values ◽  
Acute Alcoholism

The aim of this study is to assess the effects of alcohol on traumatic brain injury by using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and evaluate aquaporin-4(AQP4) expression changes in rat brainstems following acute alcohol intoxication with diffuse axonal injury (DAI). We further investigated the correlation between the AQP4 expression and DTI in the brain edema. Eighty-five rats were imaged before and after injury at various stages. DTI was used to measure brainstem apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA), with immunostaining being used to determine AQP4 expression. After acute alcoholism with DAI, ADC values of the brainstem first decreased within 6 h and then elevated. FA values began to decline by 1 h, reaching a minimum at 24 h after trauma. There was a negative correlation between ADC values and brainstem AQP4 expression at 6 h and positive correlation at 6 h to 24 h. Changes of ADC and FA values in DAI with acute alcoholism indicate the effects of ethanol on brain edema and the severity of axonal injury. The correlations between ADC values and the brainstem AQP4 expression at different time points suggest that AQP4 expression follows an adaptative profile to the severity of brain edema.

Clinical Utility of Diffusion Tensor Imaging for Evaluating Patients with Diffuse Axonal Injury and Cognitive Disorders in the Chronic Stage

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1879-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Sugiyama ◽  
Takeo Kondo ◽  
Yutaka Oouchida ◽  
Yoshimi Suzukamo ◽  
Shuichi Higano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Chronic Stage

Analysis of Diffuse Axonal Injury Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Hyung Jong Choi ◽  
Jong-Gu Kang ◽  
Seung Ho Ahn ◽  
Suk Hoon Ohn ◽  
Kwang-Ik Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury

Diffusion tensor imaging fiber tractography for evaluating diffuse axonal injury

Brain Injury ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Sugiyama ◽  
Takeo Kondo ◽  
Shuichi Higano ◽  
Minoru Endo ◽  
Hiroshi Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Fiber Tractography

Application of Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Modeling Diffuse Axonal Injury

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rika M. Wright ◽  
K. T. Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Orientation Data ◽  
The Brain

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a debilitating injury that has received a lot of attention within the past few years partly as a result of the increased number of TBI incidents arising from military conflicts. Of the incidences of TBI, diffuse axonal injury (DAI) accounts for the second largest percentage of deaths [1]. DAI is caused by sudden inertial loads to the head, and it is characterized by damage to neural cells [2]. These inertial loads at the macroscale result in functional and structural damage at the cellular level. To understand the coupling between the mechanical forces and the functional damage of neurons, an analytical model that accurately represents the mechanics of brain deformation under inertial loads must be developed. It has been shown in clinical and experimental studies that the deep white matter of the brain is highly susceptible to injury [2]. Unlike the gray matter of the brain, the white matter structures contain an organized arrangement of neural axons and therefore can be considered anisotropic (Figure 1). To account for the anisotropic nature of the white matter in finite element simulations, the orientation of the neural axons must be incorporated into a material model for brain tissue. In this study, the use of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) as a tool to provide fiber orientation information to continuum models is investigated. By incorporating fiber orientation data into a material model for white matter, the strains experienced by neural axons in the white matter tracts of the brain are computed, and this strain is related to cellular stretch thresholds of diffuse axonal injury.

Longitudinal study of the diffusion tensor imaging properties of the corpus callosum in acute and chronic diffuse axonal injury

Brain Injury ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Ljungqvist ◽  
Daniel Nilsson ◽  
Maria Ljungberg ◽  
Ann Sörbo ◽  
Eva Esbjörnsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Imaging Properties

scholarly journals Current contribution of diffusion tensor imaging in the evaluation of diffuse axonal injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daphine Centola Grassi ◽  
David Macedo da Conceição ◽  
Claudia da Costa Leite ◽  
Celi Santos Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Current Contribution ◽  
Secondary Reactions ◽  
Comprehensive Search

ABSTRACT Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the number one cause of death and morbidity among young adults. Moreover, survivors are frequently left with functional disabilities during the most productive years of their lives. One main aspect of TBI pathology is diffuse axonal injury, which is increasingly recognized due to its presence in 40% to 50% of all cases that require hospital admission. Diffuse axonal injury is defined as widespread axonal damage and is characterized by complete axotomy and secondary reactions due to overall axonopathy. These changes can be seen in neuroimaging studies as hemorrhagic focal areas and diffuse edema. However, the diffuse axonal injury findings are frequently under-recognized in conventional neuroimaging studies. In such scenarios, diffuse tensor imaging (DTI) plays an important role because it provides further information on white matter integrity that is not obtained with standard magnetic resonance imaging sequences. Extensive reviews concerning the physics of DTI and its use in the context of TBI patients have been published, but these issues are still hazy for many allied-health professionals. Herein, we aim to review the current contribution of diverse state-of-the-art DTI analytical methods to the understanding of diffuse axonal injury pathophysiology and prognosis, to serve as a quick reference for those interested in planning new studies and who are involved in the care of TBI victims. For this purpose, a comprehensive search in Pubmed was performed using the following keywords: “traumatic brain injury”, “diffuse axonal injury”, and “diffusion tensor imaging”.

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