scholarly journals The New Immortalized Uroepithelial Cell Line HBLAK Contains Defined Genetic Aberrations Typical of Early Stage Urothelial Tumors

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle J. Hoffmann ◽  
Evangelia Koutsogiannouli ◽  
Margaretha A. Skowron ◽  
Maria Pinkerneil ◽  
Günter Niegisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Genetic Aberrations ◽  
Uroepithelial Cell ◽  
Urothelial Tumors

scholarly journals Probing the Intracellular Bio-Nano Interface in Different Cell Lines with Gold Nanostars

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1183
Author(s):  
Cecilia Spedalieri ◽  
Gergo Péter Szekeres ◽  
Stephan Werner ◽  
Peter Guttmann ◽  
Janina Kneipp
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Protein Corona ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Gold Nanostars

Gold nanostars are a versatile plasmonic nanomaterial with many applications in bioanalysis. Their interactions with animal cells of three different cell lines are studied here at the molecular and ultrastructural level at an early stage of endolysosomal processing. Using the gold nanostars themselves as substrate for surface-enhanced Raman scattering, their protein corona and the molecules in the endolysosomal environment were characterized. Localization, morphology, and size of the nanostar aggregates in the endolysosomal compartment of the cells were probed by cryo soft-X-ray nanotomography. The processing of the nanostars by macrophages of cell line J774 differed greatly from that in the fibroblast cell line 3T3 and in the epithelial cell line HCT-116, and the structure and composition of the biomolecular corona was found to resemble that of spherical gold nanoparticles in the same cells. Data obtained with gold nanostars of varied morphology indicate that the biomolecular interactions at the surface in vivo are influenced by the spike length, with increased interaction with hydrophobic groups of proteins and lipids for longer spike lengths, and independent of the cell line. The results will support optimized nanostar synthesis and delivery for sensing, imaging, and theranostics.

scholarly journals Toxicity Induced by Cytokines, Glucose, and Lipids Increase Apoptosis and Hamper Insulin Secretion in the 1.1E7 Beta Cell-Line

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2559
Author(s):  
Antonia Diaz-Ganete ◽  
Aranzazu Quiroga-de-Castro ◽  
Rosa M. Mateos ◽  
Francisco Medina ◽  
Carmen Segundo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Secretory Pathway ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Hybrid Cell ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Beta Cell Line ◽  
Starting Point

Basic research on types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus require early stage studies using beta cells or cell lines, ideally of human origin and with preserved insulin secretion in response to glucose. The 1.1E7 cells are a hybrid cell line resulting from the electrofusion of dispersed human islets and PANC-1 cells, capable of secreting insulin in response to glucose, but their survival and function under toxic conditions remains untested. This characterization is the purpose of the present study. We treated these cells with a cytokine mix, high glucose, palmitate, and the latter two combined. Under these conditions, we measured cell viability and apoptosis (MTT, Caspase Glo and TUNEL assays, as well as caspase-8 and -9 levels by Western blotting), endoplasmic reticulum stress markers (EIF2AK3, HSPA4, EIF2a, and HSPA5) by real-time PCR, and insulin secretion with a glucose challenge. All of these stimuli (i) induce apoptosis and ER stress markers expression, (ii) reduce mRNA amounts of 2–5 components of genes involved in the insulin secretory pathway, and (iii) abrogate the insulin release capability of 1.1E7 cells in response to glucose. The most pronounced effects were observed with cytokines and with palmitate and high glucose combined. This characterization may well serve as the starting point for those choosing this cell line for future basic research on certain aspects of diabetes.

scholarly journals Establishment of a Human Nonluteinized Granulosa Cell Line that Transitions from the Gonadotropin-Independent to the Gonadotropin-Dependent Status

Endocrinology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (6) ◽  
pp. 2851-2860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayasula ◽  
Akira Iwase ◽  
Tohru Kiyono ◽  
Sachiko Takikawa ◽  
Maki Goto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Steroidogenic Cell ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory

The ovary is a complex endocrine organ responsible for steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis. Follicles consist of oocytes and two primary steroidogenic cell types, the granulosa cells, and the theca cells. Immortalized human granulosa cells are essential for researching the mechanism of steroidogenesis and folliculogenesis. We obtained granulosa cells from a 35-yr-old female and immortalized them by lentivirus-mediated transfer of several genes so as to establish a human nonluteinized granulosa cell line (HGrC1). We subsequently characterized HGrC1 and investigated its steroidogenic performance. HGrC1 expressed enzymes related to steroidogenesis, such as steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, CYP11A, aromatase, and gonadotropin receptors. Stimulation with FSH increased the mRNA levels of aromatase, which consequently induced the aromatization of androstenedione to estradiol. Activin A increased the mRNA levels of the FSH receptor, which were synergistically up-regulated with FSH stimulation. HGrC1 also expressed a series of ligands and receptors belonging to the TGF-β superfamily. A Western blot analysis showed that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4, BMP-6, and BMP-7 phosphorylated small mother against decapentaplegic (Smad)1/5/8, whereas growth differentiation factor-9 phosphorylated Smad2/3. BMP-15 and anti-Müllerian hormone phosphorylated Smad1/5/8 while also weakly phosphorylating Smad2/3. These results indicate that HGrC1 may possess the characteristics of granulosa cells belonging to follicles in the early stage. HGrC1 might also be capable of displaying the growth transition from a gonadotropin-independent status to gonadotropin-dependent one.

Raman Spectroscopy: An Exploratory Study to Identify Post-Radiation Cell Survival

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 553-562
Author(s):  
Kshama Pansare ◽  
Saurav Raj Singh ◽  
Venkatavaradhan Chakravarthy ◽  
Neha Gupta ◽  
Arti Hole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Clonogenic Assay ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Raman Band ◽  
Breast Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Linear Discriminant

Resistance to radiotherapy has been an impediment in the treatment of cancer, and the inability to detect it at an early stage further exacerbates the prognosis. We have assessed the feasibility of Raman spectroscopy as a rapid assay for predicting radiosensitivity of cancer cells in comparison to the conventional biological assays. Cell lines derived from breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7), gingivobuccal squamous cell carcinoma (ITOC-03), and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) were subjected to varying doses of ionizing radiation. Cell viability of irradiated cells was assessed at different time points using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and Raman spectroscopy, and colony-forming capability was evaluated by clonogenic assay. Radiosensitivity observed using MTT assay was limited by the finding of similar cell viability in all the three cell lines 24 h post-irradiation. However, cell survival assessed using clonogenic assay and principal component linear discriminant analysis (PC-LDA) classification of Raman spectra showed correlating patterns. Irradiated cells showed loss of nucleic acid features and enhancement of 750 cm−1 peak probably attributing to resonance Raman band of cytochromes in all three cell lines. PC-LDA analysis affirmed MCF7 to be a radioresistant cell line as compared to ITOC-03 and HEK293 to be the most radiosensitive cell line. Raman spectroscopy is shown to be a rapid and alternative assay for identification of radiosensitivity as compared to the gold standard clonogenic assay.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Lesions in Urinary Bladder- A Histopathological Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Shah ◽  
Manglesh Srivastava ◽  
Ashok Samdurkar ◽  
Ghanshyam Sigdel
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Urinary Bladder Cancer ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Urothelial Tumors

Introduction: The lesions of urinary bladder both non-neoplastic and neoplastic pose a common source of both morbidity and mortality. An accurate diagnosis of these lesions requires cystoscopy which allows a direct visualization of the bladder mucosa and biopsies of suspected lesions. Urinary bladder cancer is sixth most common cancer worldwide and represents a heterogeneous group of neoplasms. The current study aimed to study the different bladder lesions and its clinical features to detect it in early stage and as a mainstay option in the diagnosis and follow up.  Materials and methods: This was a retrospective analysis of biopsies of urinary bladder submitted to the department of pathology over a period of 12 months. The study was approved by the institutional review board of the Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS-TH). All the urinary bladder biopsies received in the department were included in the study whereas autolysis of specimen and inadequate biopsies were excluded.  Results: Among the 36 cases of urinary bladder lesions, the majority (35.36%) were in age group 61-70 years (22.33%). The patients had combination of lower urinary tract symptoms, the commonest being hematuria. 30.55%  had non-neoplastic lesions and 69.55% had neoplastic lesion. Among non- neoplastic cases, 5.55% had chronic granulomatous inflammation. Most common neoplastic lesions was infiltrating urothelial carcinoma (n=6) followed by non- invasive urothelial neoplasia (n=5).  Conclusion: A variety of lesions occur in urinary bladder and is commonly encountered by pathologist. Hematuria was commonest symptom and the clinicians investigated these patients further, which led to discovery of the urothelial tumors. Identification of these patients has an important impact on prognosis as well as on therapeutic approach.

A Novel Hodgkin Lymphoma Cell Line (KHL) Established from An Untreated Patient.

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1448-1448
Author(s):  
Ta-Chih Liu ◽  
Yuan-Shiang Kao ◽  
Rachael Demuth ◽  
Nina Mathews ◽  
Carmen Espinoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

Abstract The paucity of Hodgkin cell/Reed-Sternberg cell in classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) represents a general problem for molecular and cytogenetic studies. The established HL cell lines could be used for such studies. However, only about 10 cell lines have been established and all of them were isolated from patients in late stage of illness when the tumor had recurred. Only one of these cell lines is known to be positive for Epstein- Barr virus antigen. In addition, the pattern of chromosomal aberration in these cell lines is highly complex. Therefore, it is necessary to have a cell line established from the early stage of disease, without prior treatment and with less chromosomal aberration for research. A sample of left axillary lymph node from a 27-year-old male with early stage of HL, and without prior chemotherapy, was cultured in RPMI 1640 media supplemented with fetal calf serum for routine cytogenetic study. The culture, passed weekly, now in its 60st week, 57th passes is growing autonomously without supplement of any growth factor. The original lymph node biopsy showed a classical Hodgkin lymphoma, mixed cellularity (WHO Classification) and the Hodgkin cells/Reed-Sternberg cells were positive for CD30, 4+(100%), CD20, 2+(33%) and negative for CD3, CD15, CD43, ALK-1 antigen and epithelial membrane antigen. EBV nuclear antigen 1 DNA and RNA are detected by PCR method. The cell line is positive for CD30, CD20, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein, but negative for CD3, CD79a, and EBV early antigen. By florescent insitu hybridization the cell line is negative for p53 deletion, ALK gene rearrangement, MLL gene deletion, and t(12;21). A ploidy analysis by flow cytometry shows 80.22% diploid, and 19.78% hyperploids. The cells have doubling time of 30 to 36 hours. The initial karyotypes were: 45~46, XY, i(3)(q10), der(6)t(3;6)(p11;q22), t(6;13) (p21;q32), del(7)(q32), i(14) (q10)[cp3]/46, XY, del(3)(p10), der(6)t(3;6), der(6)t(6;13), del(7)(q32), add(10)(p13), der(13)add(13)(p11.1)t(6;13), i(14)(q10)[3]/46, XY[16]. Metaphase preparations from the cell line showed 46, XY, absence of the above mentioned chromosomal abnormalities, but 97% (1422/1466 cells) of cells were diploid; 2.5% (36/1466 cells) of cells were tetraploid/near tetraploid, and 0.5% (8/1466 cells) of cells showed endore-duplication. Chromosomal comparative genomic hybridization of the cell line showed microdeletion on chromosome 5q34 and 13q22~31 region, and gain on 12q12.1. Single nucleotide polymorphism array showed no abnormalities. This newly established cell line is unique in: it is the second cell line known to be positive for EBV antigen, it shows no complex chromosomal aberration by conventional karyotyping or molecular genotyping, and since the cell line showed mostly in diploid, and only 3% of the cells are tetraploid/near tetraploid and endoreduplication by conventional cytogenetic method, the cell line is ideal for the study of formation of hyperploid cells (i.e. Reed-Sternberg cells) from diploid cells.

Enhanced Cytologic Detection of Early Stage Mouse Bladder Tumor Following Induction of Uroepithelial Cell Shedding

1994 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofer Nativ ◽  
Ora Medalia ◽  
Santiago Engelberg ◽  
Gil Raviv ◽  
Moshe Aronson
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Tumor ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Uroepithelial Cell ◽  
Cell Shedding

scholarly journals Human carcinoembryonic antigen, an intercellular adhesion molecule, blocks fusion and differentiation of rat myoblasts.

1993 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
F J Eidelman ◽  
A Fuks ◽  
L DeMarte ◽  
M Taheri ◽  
C P Stanners
Keyword(s):  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Myogenic Differentiation ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Parental Cell Line ◽  
Proliferative Potential

Human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a widely used tumor marker, is a member of a family of cell surface glycoproteins that are overexpressed in many carcinomas. CEA has been shown to function in vitro as a homotypic intercellular adhesion molecule. This correlation of overproduction of an adhesion molecule with neoplastic transformation provoked a test of the effect of CEA on cell differentiation. Using stable CEA transfectants of the rat L6 myoblast cell line as a model system of differentiation, we show that fusion into myotubes and, in fact, the entire molecular program of differentiation, including creatine phosphokinase upregulation, myogenin upregulation, and beta-actin downregulation are completely abrogated by the ectopic expression of CEA. The blocking of the upregulation of myogenin, a transcriptional regulator responsible for the execution of the entire myogenic differentiation program, indicates that CEA expression intercepts the process at a very early stage. The adhesion function of CEA is essential for this effect since an adhesion-defective N domain deletion mutant of CEA was ineffective in blocking fusion and CEA transfectants treated with adhesion-blocking peptides fused normally. Furthermore, CEA transfectants maintain their high division potential, whereas control transfectants lose division potential with differentiation similarly to the parental cell line. Thus the expression of functional CEA on the surface of cells can block terminal differentiation and maintain proliferative potential.

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