Nanomaterials for Endodontic Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anta Seck ◽  
Naimah Zein ◽  
Anasse Nounsi ◽  
Ezzedine Harmouch ◽  
Ambre Vidal Varbanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Nanostructured Composite ◽  
Biomimetic Scaffolds ◽  
Pulp Inflammation ◽  
Endodontic Regeneration ◽  
Connective Tissue Regeneration

Irreversible pulp inflammation is so painful that the clinical treatment is the removal of the entire pulp tissue. The current irreversibility of this inflammation is due to the lack of suitable biomaterials able to control it and to orchestrate pulp regeneration. Vitality of the tooth is so important for its functional life that adequate regenerative biomaterials must be developed. Whatever the degree of tooth maturity and its pathology, pulp and surrounding tissues constitute a treasure of dental stem cells. Advances of regenerative nanomedicine provide innovative strategies to use these strongly regenerative stem cells for endodontic regeneration. These cells can support endodontic regeneration by cell homing or by being seeded in biomaterials. Whatever the regenerative strategy, nanotechnologies optimise the attraction, colonisation, proliferation and differentiation of dental stem cells. The nano-reservoirs of active biomolecules orchestrate and enhance their cellular functions. The nanofibers constitute biomimetic scaffolds which promote their pulp connective tissue regeneration. Nanostructured composite scaffolds functionalized by controlled drug delivery systems of several active biomolecules would be the future nanobiomaterials for meeting the challenge of the complex endodontic regeneration.

Stem Cells Derived from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth [shed] in Neuronal Disorders: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minu Anoop ◽  
Indrani Datta
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth

: Most conventional treatments for neurodegenerative diseases fail due to their focus on neuroprotection rather than neurorestoration. Stem cell‐based therapies are becoming a potential treatment option for neurodegenerative diseases as they can home in, engraft, differentiate and produce factors for CNS recovery. Stem cells derived from human dental pulp tissue differ from other sources of mesenchymal stem cells due to their embryonic neural crest origin and neurotrophic property. These include both dental pulp stem cells [DPSCs] from dental pulp tissues of human permanent teeth and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth [SHED]. SHED offer many advantages over other types of MSCs such as good proliferative potential, minimal invasive procurement, neuronal differentiation and neurotrophic capacity, and negligible ethical concerns. The therapeutic potential of SHED is attributed to the paracrine action of extracellularly released secreted factors, specifically the secretome, of which exosomes is a key component. SHED and its conditioned media can be effective in neurodegeneration through multiple mechanisms, including cell replacement, paracrine effects, angiogenesis, synaptogenesis, immunomodulation, and apoptosis inhibition, and SHED exosomes offer an ideal refined bed-to-bench formulation in neurodegenerative disorders. However, in spite of these advantages, there are still some limitations of SHED exosome therapy, such as the effectiveness of long-term storage of SHED and their exosomes, the development of a robust GMP-grade manufacturing protocol, optimization of the route of administration, and evaluation of the efficacy and safety in humans. In this review, we have addressed the isolation, collection and properties of SHED along with its therapeutic potential on in vitro and in vivo neuronal disorder models as evident from the published literature.

scholarly journals Human Amniotic Membrane as a Matrix for Endothelial Differentiation of VEGF-Treated Dental Stem Cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Nurnasihah Md Hashim ◽  
Muhammad Fuad Hilmi Yusof ◽  
Wafa’ Zahari ◽  
Hamshawagini Chandra ◽  
Khairul Bariah Ahmad Amin Noordin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Endothelial Differentiation ◽  
Human Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Dental Stem Cells

scholarly journals A narrative overview of utilizing biomaterials to recapitulate the salient regenerative features of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevda Pouraghaei Sevari ◽  
Sahar Ansari ◽  
Alireza Moshaverinia
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Local Recruitment

AbstractTissue engineering approaches have emerged recently to circumvent many limitations associated with current clinical practices. This elegant approach utilizes a natural/synthetic biomaterial with optimized physiomechanical properties to serve as a vehicle for delivery of exogenous stem cells and bioactive factors or induce local recruitment of endogenous cells for in situ tissue regeneration. Inspired by the natural microenvironment, biomaterials could act as a biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) structure to help the cells establish their natural interactions. Such a strategy should not only employ a biocompatible biomaterial to induce new tissue formation but also benefit from an easily accessible and abundant source of stem cells with potent tissue regenerative potential. The human teeth and oral cavity harbor various populations of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with self-renewing and multilineage differentiation capabilities. In the current review article, we seek to highlight recent progress and future opportunities in dental MSC-mediated therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration using two possible approaches, cell transplantation and cell homing. Altogether, this paper develops a general picture of current innovative strategies to employ dental-derived MSCs combined with biomaterials and bioactive factors for regenerating the lost or defective tissues and offers information regarding the available scientific data and possible applications.

scholarly journals Odontoblast-Like Cells Differentiated from Dental Pulp Stem Cells Retain Their Phenotype after Subcultivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula A. Baldión ◽  
Myriam L. Velandia-Romero ◽  
Jaime E. Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Dentin Matrix Protein ◽  
Mineral Deposition

Odontoblasts, the main cell type in teeth pulp tissue, are not cultivable and they are responsible for the first line of response after dental restauration. Studies on dental materials cytotoxicity and odontoblast cells physiology require large quantity of homogenous cells retaining most of the phenotype characteristics. Odontoblast-like cells (OLC) were differentiated from human dental pulp stem cells using differentiation medium (containing TGF-β1), and OLC expanded after trypsinization (EXP-21) were evaluated and compared. Despite a slower cell growth curve, EXP-21 cells express similarly the odontoblast markers dentinal sialophosphoprotein and dentin matrix protein-1 concomitantly with RUNX2 transcripts and low alkaline phosphatase activity as expected. Both OLC and EXP-21 cells showed similar mineral deposition activity evidenced by alizarin red and von Kossa staining. These results pointed out minor changes in phenotype of subcultured EXP-21 regarding the primarily differentiated OLC, making the subcultivation of these cells a useful strategy to obtain odontoblasts for biocompatibility or cell physiology studies in dentistry.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Effect of Hypoxic Environment in Mesenchymal Stem Cell

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (25) ◽  
pp. 1592
Author(s):  
Sevil Özer ◽  
H. Seda Vatansever ◽  
Feyzan Özdal-Kurt
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Hypoxic Condition ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Technique ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are used to repair hypoxic or ischemic tissue. After hypoxic the level of ATP is decreases, cellular functions do not continue and apoptosis or necrosis occur. Apoptosis is a progress of programmed cell death that occurs in normal or pathological conditions. In this study, we were investigated the hypoxic effect on apoptosis in mesenchymal stem cell. Bone marrow-derived stem cells were cultured in hypoxic (1% or 3%) or normoxic conditions 24, 96 well plates for 36 h. Cell viability was shown by MTT assay on 36 h. After fixation of cells with 4% paraformaldehyde, distributions of caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax with indirect immunoperoxidase technique, apoptotic cells with TUNEL assay were investigated. All staining results were evaluated using H-score analyses method with ANOVA, statistically. As a result, hypoxic condition was toxic for human mesenchymal stem cells and the number of death cell was higher in that than normoxic condition.

Immunomodulatory properties and in vivo osteogenesis of human dental stem cells from fresh and cryopreserved dental follicles

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Hoon Kang ◽  
Hye-Jin Lee ◽  
Si-Jung Jang ◽  
June-Ho Byun ◽  
Jong-Sil Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties

scholarly journals Today Prospects for Tissue Engineering Therapeutic Approach in Dentistry

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Bossù ◽  
Andrea Pacifici ◽  
Daniele Carbone ◽  
Gianluca Tenore ◽  
Gaetano Ierardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
Major Interest ◽  
Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Protocols ◽  
Near Future

In dental practice there is an increasing need for predictable therapeutic protocols able to regenerate tissues that, due to inflammatory or traumatic events, may suffer from loss of their function. One of the topics arising major interest in the research applied to regenerative medicine is represented by tissue engineering and, in particular, by stem cells. The study of stem cells in dentistry over the years has shown an exponential increase in literature. Adult mesenchymal stem cells have recently been isolated and characterized from tooth-related tissues and they might represent, in the near future, a new gold standard in the regeneration of all oral tissues. The aim of our review is to provide an overview on the topic reporting the current knowledge for each class of dental stem cells and to identify their potential clinical applications as therapeutic tool in various branches of dentistry.

scholarly journals Tumorigenicity analysis of heterogeneous dental stem cells and its self-modification for chromosome instability

Cell Cycle ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 3396-3407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaosong Meng ◽  
Guoqing Chen ◽  
Jinlong Chen ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Mei Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Chromosome Instability ◽  
Dental Stem Cells

scholarly journals Dental Pulp Tissue Regeneration Using Dental Pulp Stem Cells Isolated and Expanded in Human Serum

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evandro Piva ◽  
Susan A. Tarlé ◽  
Jacques E. Nör ◽  
Duohong Zou ◽  
Elizabeth Hatfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Dental Pulp Tissue ◽  
Pulp Tissue Regeneration
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