A retrospective review of phyllodes tumors of the breast from a single institution

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ayu Yuniandini ◽  
William Hamdani ◽  
Prihantono Prihantono ◽  
Muhammad Faruk

BACKGROUND: Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are rare fibroepithelial breast tumors with diverse biological behavior. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyze the characteristics, management, and outcome of phyllodes tumors. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with PTs in our institution from January 2013 to December 2017 were identified retrospectively by the ICD-10 code. Data were collected from medical records. The diagnosis of this tumor was based on histopathological results. Variables analyzed included age, tumor site, surgical option, axillary lymph nodes, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, metastases, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) rate. RESULTS: Sixty-nine cases of PTs were diagnosed during the period, of which 31 were benign, 38 were malignant, and 1 was a case of bilateral metachronous tumors. We did not find any borderline pathologic cases. The patient’s ages ranged from 20 to 71 years, with the highest number of cases (28) from the 40-49-year-old age group. The majority of patients (42) had PT on the right side. Simple mastectomy was the most performed treatment, with 53 such cases, including both benign and malignant. The axillary staging was carried out in 16 cases, of which none had nodal metastasis. Ten cases received chemotherapy, and 16 cases of malignant phyllodes received postoperative radiotherapy. We found 4 cases with distant metastases and 5 cases that developed local recurrence. The DFS rate reached 92.75%, and the overall 5-year survival rate was 84.21%. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of PTs is highest in women in the 3rd and fourth decades of age. Simple mastectomy and wide excision are the treatments of choice, with a low recurrence rate in both benign and malignant PTs cases.

Breast Care ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Mattea Reinisch ◽  
Oleg Gluz ◽  
Beyhan Ataseven ◽  
Jens-Uwe Blohmer ◽  
Marek Budner ◽  
...  

Purpose: Although dose-dense (dd) chemotherapy plays a fundamental role in the treatment of breast cancer (BC), a variety of trials have presented divergent survival results. Here, we present data of patients with more than 3 positive axillary lymph nodes (+aLN) receiving dd chemotherapy after a median follow-up period of 12.3 years. Methods: In the years 1996-2000, 231 patients with invasive BC, ≥pN2a and no evidence of distant metastases were recruited to receive treatment A, i.e. dd 3 × epirubicin (E, 90 mg/m2) + paclitaxel (P, 175 mg/m2) every 2 weeks (q2w) followed by 3 × cyclophosphamide (C)/methotrexate/5-fluorouracil (CMF, 600/40/600 mg/m2, q2w), or treatment B, i.e. 4 × E + C (C, 600 mg/m2) q3w followed by 3 × CMF q3w. Results: 113 patients in arm A and 113 patients in arm B were analysed after an updated median follow-up of 12.3 years. The median age was 55 years, with a median number of 6 +aLN, 50.4% had a T2 and 79.2% hormone receptor-positive BC. The disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 53.1% in arm A and 42.5% in arm B (adjusted p = 0.027). The overall survival (OS) rate was 54.9% in arm A and 48.7% in arm B (adjusted p = 0.058). In the multivariable analysis, the tumour burden was a significant predictor for DFS and OS. Conclusion: The adjuvant use of dd chemotherapy led to a statistically significant improvement of DFS after a follow-up of 12.3 years.


2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu-Jun Loh ◽  
Kuo-Ting Lee ◽  
Ya-Ping Chen ◽  
Yao-Lung Kuo ◽  
Wei-Pang Chung ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the standard approach for the axillary region in early breast cancer patients with clinically negative nodes. The present study investigated patients with false-negative sentinel nodes in intraoperative frozen sections (FNSN) using real-world data. Methods A case–control study with a 1:3 ratio was conducted. FNSN was determined when sentinel nodes (SNs) were negative in frozen sections but positive for metastasis in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections. The control was defined as having no metastasis of SNs in both frozen and FFPE sections. Results A total of 20 FNSN cases and 60 matched controls from 333 SLNB patients were enrolled between April 1, 2005, and November 31, 2009. The demographics and intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer were similar between the FNSN and control groups. The FNSN patients had larger tumor sizes on preoperative mammography (P = 0.033) and more lymphatic tumor emboli on core biopsy (P < 0.001). Four FNSN patients had metastasis in nonrelevant SNs. Another 16 FNSN patients had benign lymphoid hyperplasia of SNs in frozen sections and metastasis in the same SNs from FFPE sections. Micrometastasis was detected in seven of 16 patients, and metastases in nonrelevant SNs were recognized in two patients. All FNSN patients underwent a second operation with axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). After a median follow-up of 143 months, no FNSN patients developed breast cancer recurrence. The disease-free survival, breast cancer-specific survival, and overall survival in FNSN were not inferior to those in controls. Conclusions Patients with a larger tumor size and more lymphatic tumor emboli have a higher incidence of FNSN. However, the outcomes of FNSN patients after completing ALND were noninferior to those without SN metastasis. ALND provides a correct staging for patients with metastasis in nonsentinel axillary lymph nodes.


2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6060-6060
Author(s):  
Yao Yu ◽  
Heiko Schöder ◽  
Jung Kang ◽  
Sean Matthew McBride ◽  
C. Jillian Tsai ◽  
...  

6060 Background: Patients with ER after surgery and prior to postoperative radiation (RT) for SCC of the OC have aggressive biology and poor prognosis. After the introduction of a PET/CT simulator in our department, we incorporated post-operative PET/CT as part of RT planning. We hypothesized PET/CT would improve detection of macroscopic disease before postoperative RT. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients treated with postoperative radiotherapy between 2005 and 2019 for OC SCC. Clinicopathologic risk factors were recorded. Intermediate risk factors (IRFs) included pT3-4 disease, nodal disease, perineural invasion (PNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and close ( < 5mm) surgical margins (SM); extranodal extension (ENE) and positive SM were considered high-risk factors (HRF). Patients were stratified into risk groups based upon the number and type of risk factors: 0-1 IRFs, 2 IRFs, ≥3 IRFs, and any HRF. Patients were considered to have ER if they had biopsy confirmed recurrence, or if the imaging or exam was sufficiently suspicious, after discussion with the head and neck team, to warrant treatment to definitive doses of RT (70 Gy). Results: Our cohort included 391 patients with SCC of the OCC who were treated with postoperative radiotherapy. 61% of patients were male, 35% had pT3-4 disease, 36% had pN2a-3 disease, 53% had PNI, 20% had LVI, 30% had ENE, and 14% had positive SM. The most common sites were oral tongue (46%), alveolar ridge (18%), and buccal mucosa (13%). 237 (61%) patients underwent postoperative PET/CT planning, and 165 patients (41%) were planned with CT only. Patients screened with post-operative PET/CT were more likely to be diagnosed with ER (46/237, 19.4%) than those simulated with CT only (6/154, 3.9%, p < 0.0001). Among patients simulated with PET/CT, 7%, 9%, 14%, and 35% of patients were diagnosed with ER for patients with 0-1 IRFs, 2 IRFs, ≥3 IRFs, and any HRF, respectively. Median follow-up was 4.1 years (95% CI 3.6 – 4.5). Among 52 patients with ER, 24 (49.0%) had local, 41 (83.7%) had regional, and 5 (10.2%) had distant recurrence. 17 (33%) of ER were biopsy proven. For patients with ER, 3-year freedom from locoregional recurrence, distant-metastasis free survival, and overall survival were 45.2% (95% CI 32% - 64%), 55% (95% CI 42% – 72%), and 43% (95% CI 30% - 61%), respectively. For patients without ER, use of postoperative PET/CT was associated with improved disease-free survival (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.46 – 0.98, p = 0.041) and overall survival (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.38 – 0.91, p = 0.019). Conclusions: Postoperative PET/CT may increase detection ER compared to CT simulation alone and improve risk stratification. Patients with ER are at high risk of locoregional failure, distant metastases, and mortality, despite salvage therapy. A prospective trial is underway at our institution to systemically study the role of PET/CT for detection of ER.


1978 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinuccia Valagussa ◽  
Gianni Bonadonna ◽  
Umberto Veronesi

The medical records of 716 consecutive patients with infiltrating mammary carcinoma and treated during a 4-year period (January 1964-January 1968) were reviewed. Patients were randomized between conventional radical or extended radical mastectomy. No postoperative radiotherapy or other specific treatments were given without documented evidence of recurrence. The intent of this retrospective analysis was to identify, on a clinical basis, the high-risk groups that could be candidates for systemic adjuvant treatment. The most reliable prognostic discriminant was found to be the histological status of axillary lymph nodes. The 10-year relapse rate for patients with negative axillary nodes (N−) was 27.9 % compared to 75.5 % for patients with positive axillary nodes (N+). The corresponding 10-year survival rates were 81.9 % and 39.6 %, respectively. The number of involved nodes was also of particular prognostic importance (relapse rates at 10 years: 1 to 3 nodes, 66.5 %; more than 3 nodes, 83.6 %; survival rates: 53.7 % and 25.6 %, respectively). Other clinical variables (location of primary tumor and menopausal status) failed to significantly affect the results of mastectomy, except for the extent of primary tumor in N+ patients. In this subgroup, relapse and survival rates were directly proportional to tumor size. In both groups, the highest incidence of recurrence was detected in distant organs and tissues, and it progressively increased with time. In contrast, 77.3 % of all local-regional recurrences were documented during the first three years from radical surgery.


1986 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1772-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
R D Gelber ◽  
A Goldhirsch

Between 1978 and 1981, 463 evaluable postmenopausal patients 65 years of age or younger with operable breast cancer and metastases in axillary lymph nodes were entered in Ludwig Breast Cancer Study III (Ludwig III) and randomly allocated to receive chemoendocrine therapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, low-dose continuous prednisone, and tamoxifen (CMFp + T) for 12 monthly cycles, or endocrine therapy alone with prednisone and tamoxifen (p + T) for 1 year, or no adjuvant treatment after mastectomy (observation). At 60 months' median follow-up, the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 59% for CMFp + T, 41% for p + T, and 31% for observation (P less than .0001), and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 71% for CMFp + T, 64% for p + T, and 59% for observation (P = .16; CMFp + T v observation, P = .07). A new quality of life-oriented endpoint was defined to assist in the selection of therapeutic approach after surgery for postmenopausal patients: the time without symptoms of disease and subjective toxic effects of treatment (TWiST). Despite the larger initial discount due to subjective toxicity with chemoendocrine therapy, by 5 years postmastectomy the net difference in average TWiST for treated patients compared with the observation group was positive and approximately equal for both adjuvant treatment programs. Adjuvant chemoendocrine therapy for postmenopausal women appears to be justified due to an emerging OS advantage and increasing TWiST gained for the treated patients.


2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (29) ◽  
pp. 4746-4751 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Fuster ◽  
Joan Duch ◽  
Pilar Paredes ◽  
Martín Velasco ◽  
Montserrat Muñoz ◽  
...  

Purpose To evaluate the utility of positron emission tomography (PET) and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose in the initial staging of large primary breast tumors. Patients and Methods This prospective study was approved by the ethics committee, and all patients gave their informed consent before enrollment. Sixty consecutive patients with large (> 3 cm) primary breast cancer diagnosed by clinical examination and breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were entered onto the study. The mean age was 57 ± 13 years. Chest computed tomography (CT), liver ultrasonography, bone scan, and PET/CT were performed in all patients. All findings were histologically confirmed, and/or at least 1 year of follow-up was required. Correlation between parameters was calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results Primary tumor was identified by both PET/CT and MRI in all patients. Multifocal and/or multicentric tumors were found in 19 patients by MRI. Axillary lymph node metastases were found in 20 of 52 patients. Extra-axillary metastatic lymph nodes were also found in three patients. One patient showed an infiltrated lymph node in the contralateral axilla. The sensitivity and specificity for PET/CT to detect axillary lymph nodes metastases were 70% and 100%, respectively. PET/CT diagnosed all extra-axillary lymph nodes. The overall sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT in detecting distant metastases were 100% and 98%, respectively; whereas the sensitivity and specificity of conventional imaging were 60% and 83%, respectively. PET led to a change in the initial staging in 42% of patients. Conclusion PET/CT underestimates locoregional lymph node staging in large primary breast cancer patients. PET/CT is a valuable tool to discard unsuspected extra-axillary lymph nodes and distant metastases.


2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10610-10610
Author(s):  
J. Ahn ◽  
S. Kim ◽  
B. Son ◽  
S. Ahn ◽  
W. Kim

10610 Background: Recently, adjuvant AC followed by paclitaxel has improved disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) of node-positive breast cancer. Although adjuvant TAC, as compared with FAC, significantly improves DFS and OS rate in node-positive breast cancer, AC→T has not been yet compared with FAC. Since 2001, we discussed the options of adjuvant CAF versus AC→T with patients who had 4 or more positive axillary nodes. We evaluated the efficacies of adjuvant CAF and AC→T, retrospectively. Methods: Between September 2001 and July 2004, a total of 1,394 patients underwent surgery and received adjuvant chemotherapy. Among them, 253 (18.1%) patients had 4 or more than axillary nodes and received either six cycles of CAF (n = 116) or 4 cycles of AC→T) (n = 137). The medical records and pathologic data of these patients were reviewed, retrospectively. Results: Median age of all patients was 46 years (range, 22∼76 years). The two groups were well balanced in terms of demographic and tumor characteristics. With a median follow-up period of 24 months (range, 6∼90 months), 49 (19.4%) patients had disease recurrence including 27 (23.3%) in CAF group and 22 (16.1%) in AC→T group (p = 0.155). The 3 year-DFS rate was 68.3% in CAF group and 71.1% in AC→T group (p = 0.9366), and the estimated 3-year OS rate was 90.3% and 92.3%, respectively (p = 0.8237). There was no significant difference in 3-year DFS rate according to hormone-receptor status. Febrile neutropenia occurred in 11 (9.6%) patients in CAF group and 7 (5.1%) patients in AC→T group (p = 0.222). Conclusion: Our data suggest that there is no significant difference in DFS or OS rates between six cycles of CAF and 4 cycles of AC followed by 4 cycles of paclitaxel as adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with 4 or more than involved axillary nodes. However, long-term follow-up period and prospective studies are needed to define better regimen. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10586-10586
Author(s):  
M. Colleoni ◽  
N. Rotmensz ◽  
S. Andrighetto ◽  
P. Maisonneuve ◽  
A. Sonzogni ◽  
...  

10586 Background: Peritumoral vascular invasion (PVI) has been recently recognized as a significant prognostic indicator for women with operable breast cancer, yet the clinical relevance of the degree of PVI in patients with no or limited involvement of the axillary nodes is unknown. Methods: 2606 consecutive patients with pT1–3, pN0 (1586)-1a (1020), and M0, operated and counseled for medical therapy from 1/2000 to 12/2002 were prospectively classified according to the degree of PVI: absent (2017, 77.4%), focal (368, 14.1%), moderate (51, 2.0%) and extensive (170, 6.5%). The median follow-up was 3.8 years for disease-free survival (DFS) and 4.3 years for overall survival (OS). Results: Patients with extensive PVI were more likely be younger, to have larger tumors, high tumor grade, axillary positive nodes, high Ki-67 expression, and HER2/neu over-expression if compared with patients having less amount if PVI (p for trend, <.0001). Patients with diffuse PVI were prescribed significantly more frequently anthracycline containing chemotherapy and less endocrine therapy alone (p for trend, <.0001). In patients with node negative disease a statistically significant difference in DFS, risk of distant metastases and OS was observed at the multivariate analysis for diffuse PVI versus no PVI (Hazard Ratios: 2.11, 95% CI, 1.02 to 4.34, P<.0001 for DFS; 4.51, 95% CI, 1.96 to 10.4, P<.0001 for distant metastases; 3.55, 95% CI, 1.24 to 10.1, P=.02 for OS). Conclusions: Extensive peritumoral vascular invasion has a prognostic role in patients with axillary lymph node negative breast cancer. The extent of vascular invasion should be considered in the therapeutic algorithm in order to proper select targeted adjuvant treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 526-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Goldstein ◽  
R. Gray ◽  
B. H. Childs ◽  
D. Watson ◽  
S. G. Rowley ◽  
...  

526 Background: Evidence suggests modern chemotherapy (CT) regimens are only marginally more effective in HR-pos breast cancer (Berry et al. JAMA 2006: 295: 1658). Genomic classifiers may be useful for selection of high-risk subjects for more aggressive CHT. Methods: A case-cohort sample of 776 patients enrolled on E2197 who did (N=179) or did not have a recurrence after CT (if HR-neg) or CHT (if HR-pos) and had available tissue were evaluated for Oncotype DX™ Recurrence Score (RS). E2197 included 2885 evaluable patients with 0–3 positive nodes treated with four 3-week cycles of doxorubicin (60 mg/m2) plus cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 (AC) or docetaxel 60 mg/m2 (AT) and hormonal therapy (if HR-pos). Median follow-up was 76 months. Results: There was no difference in DFS between treatment arms. In multivariate analysis, RS was a significant predictor of recurrence in HR-pos disease (p=0.0007, recurrence risk 21% lower for each 10 point drop in RS, 95% confidence intervals 9% to 31%). Recurrence risk was significantly elevated for an intermediate RS 18–30 (n=138, hazard ratio [HR] 2.96 [p=0.0002]) or a high RS ≥ 31 (n=108, HR 4.00, p=0.0001) compared with low RS < 18(n=196), but not for high compared with intermediate RS (HR 1.34, [p=0.32]); results were similar if only HER2-neg disease was included. The 5-year relapse free interval(RFI), breast cancer free survival (BCFS), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) for patients with HR-pos, HER2-neg disease are shown below (%); patients with both node-neg or node-pos breast cancers whose RS was < 18 had excellent outcomes. Conclusions: Oncotype DX™ RS identifies individuals with HR-pos, HER2-neg breast cancer with 0–3 positive axillary lymph nodes at 3–4-fold increased risk of relapse despite standard CHT, and may serve as a means to distinguish between those who do well with standard CHT (RS <18) from those who may be suitable candidates for clinical trials evaluating alternative CT regimens or other strategies (RS ≥ 18). [Table: see text] [Table: see text]


Rare Tumors ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Montalvo ◽  
Veronica Posso ◽  
Ligia Redrobán

Secretory breast carcinoma is an exceptionally rare mammary gland neoplasia described mainly in adult females and children of both sexes, and very rarely in the elderly. It has particular histopathological and immunohistochemical features and a favorable prognosis. We report the case of a 79-year-old Hispanic woman with a palpable breast mass. Currently, the patient is disease free after a followup period of 6 years without local recurrence or axillary lymph-nodes nor distant metastases.


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