scholarly journals Electrochemical Dyeing of Cotton Fiber for Environmental Protection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xiong ◽  
Yuxin Yang ◽  
Yinyan Hou ◽  
Guinian Huang ◽  
He Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Electrolytic Cell ◽  
The Self ◽  
Alkaline Electrolyte ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Dyeing Method ◽  
Low Consumption

For environment-friendly dyeing, electrochemical dyeing method was researched. The low consumption of additives during dyeing is beneficial to environmental protection,and the electric field of electrochemical dyeing reduces the salt. Moreover, the K/S value of the fabric increases significantly at the same dye concentration. The alkaline electrolyte in the electrolytic cell may enhance the self-corrosion of the electrode during the electrochemical dyeing process. The results show that the electrochemical dyeing can reduce the amount of additives during the dyeing process.

scholarly journals Environmental Impacts and Attitudes of Agricultural Enterprises for Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Zuzana Juríčková ◽  
Zuzana Lušňáková ◽  
Marcela Hallová ◽  
Elena Horská ◽  
Monika Hudáková
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
The Self ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Lay Public

Recognising that implementing an agricultural enterprise impacts the state of the environment, its ecological stability, and the self- regulatory capabilities of ecosystems, the aim of this paper is to acquaint the professional and lay public about the attitudes of Slovakian agricultural enterprises towards environmental protection and sustainable development. The paper draws attention to present methods, techniques, and tools that enterprise management are applying for the purpose of meeting and overcoming environmental challenges. The data for this research were obtained from controlled interviews and a questionnaire survey conducted across more than 90 agricultural enterprises. Based on the data outcomes, research premises and formulated research hypotheses put forward are verified by using Friedman, Wilcoxon, Kruskal–Wallis, and Pearson chi-square tests. Discussion of the findings points out that although Slovakia is not yet one of the most polluting countries, promoting the application of environmental protection approaches for sustainable development is of the essence. The most important agriculturally related step, mitigating environmental degradation, is to promote changes in the moral values of agricultural enterprises and the society through enhanced environmental awareness and application practices.

Ion acceleration by multiple laser pulses and their spontaneous electromagnetic fields in plasma

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
FEN-CE CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
The Self ◽  
Electric And Magnetic Fields ◽  
Relativistic Equations

AbstractThe acceleration of ions by multiple laser pulses and their spontaneously generated electric and magnetic fields is investigated by using an analytical model for the latter. The relativistic equations of motion of test charged particles are solved numerically. It is found that the self-generated axial electric field plays an important role in the acceleration, and the energy of heavy test ions can reach several gigaelectronvolts.

On minimum of static breakdown voltage for gas-filled gap

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
A.V. Kozyrev ◽  
◽  
V.Yu. Kozhevnikov ◽  
A.O. Kokovin ◽  
S.Y. Medvedev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Breakdown Voltage ◽  
Spherical Geometry ◽  
The Self ◽  
Planar Geometry ◽  
Plane Parallel ◽  
Discharge Gap

Based on the self-sustaining condition of the discharge, a theoretical analysis was carried out in order to identify the minimum possible breakdown voltage. It is shown that a weak nonuniformity of the electric field in the discharge gap leads to an increase in the static breakdown voltage in comparison with the Paschen’s law. A strong nonuniformity of the field in diodes of coaxial and spherical geometry also cannot provide a decrease in the minimum breakdown voltage in comparison with the case of a plane-parallel gap. It is proved that of all symmetric geometries of a gas-filled diode, the planar geometry has the lowest breakdown voltage.

scholarly journals Self-Insulating Joint Design for Live-Line Operation Based on the Cable-Driven Parallel-Series Mechanism

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Jiahong He ◽  
Weilun Xu ◽  
Bingtuan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Distribution ◽  
Inverse Kinematics ◽  
Electric Field Distribution ◽  
The Self ◽  
Electrical Insulation ◽  
Robotic Arms ◽  
Joint Design ◽  
Cable Forces ◽  
Parallel Series

This paper proposes a self-insulating joint design based on the cable-driven parallel-series (CDPS) mechanism and electrical insulation analysis. The design provides the motions, mechanic support, and electrical insulation for robotic arms in live-line operation, which can maintain the equipment without manual intervention and power interruption. This CDPS mechanism can integrate four degrees of freedom (DOFs) motion in one joint, while the traditional series joint can only realize one DOF independently. The cable forces in the CDPS are calculated by the inverse kinematics to ensure the safe and flexible operation of the mechanism. The self-insulating joint has certain advantages over other designs because the electrical insulation is integrated into the joint instead of the traditional extra insulation layer. This integration reduces the weight of the arm mechanic structure. In addition, the structural complexity and weight are further reduced by separating the actuators and motors from the joint by using CDPS. Electric field distribution near the joint is calculated by the charge simulation method to analyze the insulation performance under the voltage of 35 kV. The cable forces and electric field distribution of the mechanism are measured to validate the simulation models. The inverse kinematics and insulation models of the self-insulating joint can provide detailed information for the mechanic and insulation design of the robotic arms.

Involvement of membrane proteins and ion channels on the self-rotation of human cells in a non-rotating AC electric field

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1123-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarisse Vaillier ◽  
Thibault Honegger ◽  
Frédérique Kermarrec ◽  
Xavier Gidrol ◽  
David Peyrade
Keyword(s):  
Ion Channels ◽  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
The Self ◽  
Ac Electric Field

A novel functional disperse dye doped with graphene oxide for improving antistatic properties of polyester fabric using one-bath dyeing method

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 655-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Fan ◽  
Yongsong Tan ◽  
Jeremiah Amesimeku ◽  
Yunjie Yin ◽  
Chaoxia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Polyester Fabric ◽  
Disperse Dye ◽  
Reduction Time ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Functional Dyes ◽  
One Bath Dyeing ◽  
Dyeing Method ◽  
Dyed Fabric ◽  
Microscopic Morphology

A novel functional disperse dye doped with graphene oxide for antistatic properties of polyester fabric was achieved, which means that the dyeing and antistatic finishing can be simultaneously obtained by a one-bath method. Functional dyes were used to dye polyester fabric by a high-temperature, high-pressure dyeing method. The surface microscopic morphology of the dyed polyester fabric, and the dispersion properties of the disperse dye, graphene oxide, and the functional disperse dye, were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The effects of the dyeing temperature on the particle sizes of three dyeing liquors were explored; this revealed that the temperature of the dyeing process had no effect on particle size. The dosage and reduction time of graphene oxide were investigated. The surface electrical resistance of the dyed fabric, 9.8 × 106 Ω, obtained at a condition of 2% (o.m.f) graphene oxide with a reduction time of 30 min, achieved A-grade antistatic standard. Furthermore, the rubbing and washing fastness of the treated fabric were 4- and 4 ∼ 5 grades, respectively. This preparation of the functional disperse dye provides a possibility in one-bath dyeing and antistatic finishing of polyester fabric.

scholarly journals Dyeing of Polyester with 4-Fluorosulfonylphenylazo-5-pyrazolone Disperse Dyes and Application of Environment-Friendly Aftertreatment for Their High Color Fastness

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghyun Yoon ◽  
Byunghun Choi ◽  
Md Morshedur Rahman ◽  
Santosh Kumar ◽  
Shekh Md Mamun Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitro Group ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Disperse Dyes ◽  
Color Fastness ◽  
Fastness Properties ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Pyrazolone Derivatives ◽  
Dyeing Effluent

Dyeing and fastness properties of a series of 4-fluorosulfonylphenylazo-5-pyrazolone dyes on polyester were investigated in this study. The 4-nitrophenylazo-5-pyrazolone dyes were also synthesized to compare their dyeing and fastness properties on polyester with those of fluorosulfonyl-substituted analogues. The substantivity of 4-arylazo-5-pyrazolone derivatives containing a p-fluorosulfonyl group in the diazo component was lower than that of their nitro analogues which have a higher extinction coefficient and higher affinity because of the polar nitro group. They showed relatively hypsochromic color and lower chroma on polyester compared with their nitro analogues because of the relatively weaker electron-accepting power of the fluorosulfonyl group compared to the nitro group. Disperse dyeing of polyester with 4-fluorosulfonylphenylazo-5-pyrazolone disperse dyes achieved high color fastness and reduces the adverse environmental impact of the dyeing process by providing the option of performing alkali clearing instead of reductive clearing, which has high biological oxygen demand when discharged into the dyeing effluent and generates carcinogenic aromatic amines.

scholarly journals Promoting pro-environmental behaviours through induced hypocrisy

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-90
Author(s):  
Philippe Odou ◽  
Peter Darke ◽  
Dimitri Voisin
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ethical Consumption ◽  
The Self ◽  
Actual Behaviour ◽  
Environmental Behaviours

In the field of ethical consumption, research in recent years has attempted to explain the gap between principles and actual behaviour. Three experimental studies show that when the contradiction between what individuals say and what they do is made salient in the field of environmental protection, that is to say in a situation of induced hypocrisy, they indirectly reduce the resulting cognitive dissonance by being more altruistic towards associations that act for the environment but not towards humanitarian associations. This effect of induced hypocrisy fades as individuals become less vulnerable to the threat to the self by affirming values that are important to them.

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