scholarly journals Application of Innovative Tools to Design Ergonomic Control Dashboards

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Grandi ◽  
Margherita Peruzzini ◽  
Claudia E. Campanella ◽  
Marcello Pellicciari
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Virtual Lab ◽  
Performance Indexes ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Innovative Methodology ◽  
Virtual Simulations ◽  
Industrial Use ◽  
Performance Analysis Tools

Designing highly usable and ergonomic control dashboards is fundamental to support the user in managing and properly setting complex machines, like trains, airplanes, trucks and tractors. Contrarily, control dashboards are usually big, intrusive, full of controls and not really usable for different users. This paper focuses on the re-design of an ergonomic and compact dashboard for tractor control, proposing an innovative methodology in line with human-centered design and ergonomics principles. The study started by shifting the focus from how a machine works to how a task has to be performed and how the user interacts with the machine. It uses virtual simulations and human performance analysis tools to support the concept generation and the detailed design, and to test the new idea with users in the virtual lab. Indeed, within the virtual environment, different configurations of controls can be tested, checking which controls are mostly used and measuring human performance indexes (i.e., postural comfort and mental workload) for each configuration. Virtual mannequins can be used to as “digital twins” to interact with virtual items and to calculate robust comfort indicators during task execution. The study adopted the proposed methodology to an industrial use case to develop a usable and compact armrest for a new tractor platform. The new armrest is smaller than the previous one (-30% in dimensions), more usable (keeping on board only frequent controls, better positioned), and more comfortable (it satisfies 95% of the population size). This new approach could be used also for the design of new products.

Time-Based Modeling of Human Performance

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1200-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esa M. Rantanen ◽  
Brian R. Levinthal
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Methods Of Measurement

This paper presents a probabilistic approach to modeling human performance. Instead of focusing on mean performance, the effects of taskload on the distributions of performance variables are examined. From such data, probabilities of given levels of performance can be derived and methods of measurement that expand the analyses beyond those of the mean developed. Results from two experiments, one abstract, the other realistic, are presented in terms of timely performance on required tasks. As taskload increased, the participants were less likely to act on the experimental tasks at an earliest opportunity than under low taskload, resulting in increase of “too late” errors. Measurement of taskload and performance in temporal terms also allowed for bracketing and making inferences about mental workload, which is not directly measurable.

Workload Warriors: Lessons Learned from a Decade of Mental Workload Prediction Using Human Performance Modeling

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 819-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Kuhl Mitchell ◽  
Charneta Samms
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Performance Modeling ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Workload Prediction ◽  
Army Research Laboratory ◽  
Performance Predictions ◽  
Concept Vehicle

For at least a decade, researchers at the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) have predicted mental workload using human performance modeling (HPM) tools, primarily IMPRINT. During this timeframe their projects have matured from simple models of human behavior to complex analyses of the interactions of system design and human behavior. As part of this maturation process, the researchers learned: 1) to develop a modeling question that incorporates all aspects of workload, 2) to determine when workload is most likely to affect performance, 3) to build multiple models to represent experimental conditions, 4) to connect performance predictions to an overall mission or system capability, and 5) to format results in a clear, concise format. By implementing the techniques they developed from these lessons learned, the researchers have had an impact on major Army programs with their workload predictions. Specifically, they have successfully changed design requirements for future concept Army vehicles, substantiated manpower requirements for fielded Army vehicles, and made Soldier workload the number one item during preliminary design review for a major Army future concept vehicle program. The effective techniques the ARL researchers developed for their IMPRINT projects are applicable to other HPM tools. In addition, they can be used by students and researchers who are doing human performance modeling projects and are confronted with similar problems to help them achieve project success.

scholarly journals A Neuroergonomics Approach to Mental Workload, Engagement and Human Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Dehais ◽  
Alex Lafont ◽  
Raphaëlle Roy ◽  
Stephen Fairclough
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Mental Workload

Reducing Sketch Inhibition During Concept Generation: Psychophysiological Evidence of the Effect of Interventions

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Lin Hu ◽  
Joran Booth ◽  
Tahira Reid
Keyword(s):  
Mental Workload ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive State ◽  
Concept Generation ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Cognitive States ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Skin Response ◽  
Nasa Tlx ◽  
Art Activities

This research investigated the effect of warm-up activities on cognitive states during concept generation. Psychophysiological tools including electroencephalography (EEG) and galvanic skin response (GSR) were used along with self-report measures (NASA TLX). Participants were divided into 3 test conditions: 1) no warm-up activity; 2) simple warm-up activities; 3) sketch-inhibition reducing activities. All participants did the same short design task. Results show that those who did a warm-up prior to ideation had a decrease in stress, especially for those who were personally familiar with the design problem. The art activities especially improved engagement for younger participants. We also saw that females who used the art-based activities reported lower mental workload during ideation and greater pride in their sketches. However, the warm-ups did not produce any difference in the number of ideas or other metrics of performance. These preliminary results indicate that warm-up activities, especially the art-based ones, help reduce inhibition by calming the cognitive state.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Physiological Measures of Mental Workload

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Tao ◽  
Haibo Tan ◽  
Hailiang Wang ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Xingda Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Research Domains ◽  
Selection Of

Mental workload (MWL) can affect human performance and is considered critical in the design and evaluation of complex human-machine systems. While numerous physiological measures are used to assess MWL, there appears no consensus on their validity as effective agents of MWL. This study was conducted to provide a comprehensive understanding of the use of physiological measures of MWL and to synthesize empirical evidence on the validity of the measures to discriminate changes in MWL. A systematical literature search was conducted with four electronic databases for empirical studies measuring MWL with physiological measures. Ninety-one studies were included for analysis. We identified 78 physiological measures, which were distributed in cardiovascular, eye movement, electroencephalogram (EEG), respiration, electromyogram (EMG) and skin categories. Cardiovascular, eye movement and EEG measures were the most widely used across varied research domains, with 76%, 66%, and 71% of times reported a significant association with MWL, respectively. While most physiological measures were found to be able to discriminate changes in MWL, they were not universally valid in all task scenarios. The use of physiological measures and their validity for MWL assessment also varied across different research domains. Our study offers insights into the understanding and selection of appropriate physiological measures for MWL assessment in varied human-machine systems.

scholarly journals Development of Virtual Emulation Modelling on the Reconfigurable Hot Forming Process and Its Digital Twin Implementation Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belal M. Aly ◽  
Kai Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Hot Forming ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Twin System ◽  
Physical Element ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Virtual Simulations ◽  
Physical Asset

In this paper, the development of virtual emulation modelling is presented on the reconfigurable hot forming process and its further implementation for the associated digital twins. When validating the developed Digital Twin system, it is essentially important to test the digital twin prior to its connection to a real physical asset especially from a safety and efficiency prospective. The development is focused on digital virtual emulation of the reconfigurable hot forming process, which can emulate the physical element as the means of validating the digital twin system with the throughout-digital virtual simulations and underlying results.

Internal representation, internal model, human performance model and mental workload

Automatica ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk G. Stassen ◽  
Gunnar Johannsen ◽  
Neville Moray
Keyword(s):  
Internal Model ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Internal Representation ◽  
Performance Model
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