scholarly journals In Vitro Cell Culture Infectivity Assay for Human Noroviruses

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Straub ◽  
Kerstin Höner zu Bentrup ◽  
Patricia Orosz Coghlan ◽  
Alice Dohnalkova ◽  
Brooke K. Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Human Noroviruses ◽  
In Vitro Cell Culture ◽  
Infectivity Assay

Applications of in-vitro cell culture for measuring infectivity and inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
P.A. Rochelle
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
In Vitro Cell Culture ◽  
Infectivity Assay ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Practical Tool ◽  
Cell Culture Assay ◽  
Evaluating Methods

Cryptosporidium parvum presents a significant problem for the water industry and public health officials because of its prevalence in sources of drinking water and its resistance to chlorine-based disinfectants; there is an urgent need for alternative, more effective disinfection strategies. Therefore, developing and evaluating methods for assessing the infectivity and inactivation of C. parvum oocysts are of paramount importance. Infectivity assays based on in-vitro cell culture have been developed as alternatives to human and animal-based assays to overcome ethical, cost, and practicality issues. Data obtained over a two-year period with an HCT-8 cell culture/RT-PCR infectivity assay generated an ID50 of 99 oocysts (95% CI: 84-117) and demonstrated that the cell culture assay was equivalent to the standard CD-1 mouse model for measuring infectivity of C. parvum oocysts. Aggregate data generated over two years using the HCT-8 cell culture/RT-PCR assay to measure UV disinfection of C. parvum demonstrated that 2.4 mJ/cm2 and 4.9 mJ/cm2 were necessary to achieve 1-log10 and 2-log10 inactivation, respectively. This work demonstrated that an HCT-8 cell culture-based infectivity coupled with RT-PCR for detecting C. parvum infections is a practical tool that can provide valuable information about the efficacy of disinfectants and the infectivity of oocysts in environmental waters.

scholarly journals An In Vitro Cell Culture Model for Pyoverdine-Mediated Virulence

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Donghoon Kang ◽  
Natalia V. Kirienko
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Cell Culture Model ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
In Vitro Cell Culture ◽  
Mitochondrial Homeostasis ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Wide Range

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a multidrug-resistant, opportunistic pathogen that utilizes a wide-range of virulence factors to cause acute, life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients, especially those in intensive care units. It also causes debilitating chronic infections that shorten lives and worsen the quality of life for cystic fibrosis patients. One of the key virulence factors in P. aeruginosa is the siderophore pyoverdine, which provides the pathogen with iron during infection, regulates the production of secreted toxins, and disrupts host iron and mitochondrial homeostasis. These roles have been characterized in model organisms such as Caenorhabditis elegans and mice. However, an intermediary system, using cell culture to investigate the activity of this siderophore has been absent. In this report, we describe such a system, using murine macrophages treated with pyoverdine. We demonstrate that pyoverdine-rich filtrates from P. aeruginosa exhibit substantial cytotoxicity, and that the inhibition of pyoverdine production (genetic or chemical) is sufficient to mitigate virulence. Furthermore, consistent with previous observations made in C. elegans, pyoverdine translocates into cells and disrupts host mitochondrial homeostasis. Most importantly, we observe a strong correlation between pyoverdine production and virulence in P. aeruginosa clinical isolates, confirming pyoverdine’s value as a promising target for therapeutic intervention. This in vitro cell culture model will allow rapid validation of pyoverdine antivirulents in a simple but physiologically relevant manner.

scholarly journals Development of an in vitro cell culture model to study milk to plasma ratios of therapeutic drugs

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anurupa Maitra ◽  
Shahnaz Patel ◽  
VijayR Bhate ◽  
VilliS Toddywalla ◽  
MaithiliA Athavale
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Cell Culture Model ◽  
In Vitro Cell Culture ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Culture Model

scholarly journals Applying phasor approach analysis of multiphoton FLIM measurements to probe the metabolic activity of three-dimensional in vitro cell culture models

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pirmin H. Lakner ◽  
Michael G. Monaghan ◽  
Yvonne Möller ◽  
Monilola A. Olayioye ◽  
Katja Schenke-Layland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vitro Cell Culture ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Cell Culture Models
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