scholarly journals A Dynamic Transmission Model for Predicting Trends in Helicobacter pylori and Associated Diseases in the United States

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Rupnow
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Associated Diseases ◽  
Dynamic Transmission Model

scholarly journals Estimated transmissibility and impact of SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7 in England

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 372 (6538) ◽  
pp. eabg3055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas G. Davies ◽  
Sam Abbott ◽  
Rosanna C. Barnard ◽  
Christopher I. Jarvis ◽  
Adam J. Kucharski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Stringent Control ◽  
Dynamic Transmission Model ◽  
Credible Intervals

A severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant, VOC 202012/01 (lineage B.1.1.7), emerged in southeast England in September 2020 and is rapidly spreading toward fixation. Using a variety of statistical and dynamic modeling approaches, we estimate that this variant has a 43 to 90% (range of 95% credible intervals, 38 to 130%) higher reproduction number than preexisting variants. A fitted two-strain dynamic transmission model shows that VOC 202012/01 will lead to large resurgences of COVID-19 cases. Without stringent control measures, including limited closure of educational institutions and a greatly accelerated vaccine rollout, COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths across England in the first 6 months of 2021 were projected to exceed those in 2020. VOC 202012/01 has spread globally and exhibits a similar transmission increase (59 to 74%) in Denmark, Switzerland, and the United States.

scholarly journals Determining The Age Priority in Universal Vaccination Using Economic Evidence: Case From US Based On Dynamic Transmission Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dachuang Zhou ◽  
Taihang Shao ◽  
Zeyao Liu ◽  
Xingming Pan ◽  
Xueke Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
Healthcare System Perspective ◽  
Dynamic Transmission Model ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract Background: Currently, increasing regions have realized that universal vaccination are necessary to prevent COVID-19. However many of them are facing problems associated with insufficient supply or chaotic allocation of vaccines. This study selected the United States population as an example and explored prioritization strategies of COVID-19 vaccination for different age groups to achieve the highest economic efficiency.Methods: We built a dynamic transmission model to predict the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections under the prioritization strategies of vaccination for different ages within a 180-day simulation period. Quality-adjusted life year (QALY) was selected as the outcome. Medical costs included direct medical cost and vaccine cost based on a healthcare system perspective. Data on SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology, vaccine efficacy, and medical costs were derived from publicly available databases and previously published literature. Different COVID-19 vaccines were included in scenario analysis. The robustness of the study results was evaluated by one-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis.Results: COVID-19 vaccination is economical compared with no vaccination. Priority vaccination for adults aged 25–59 years saves $31,664.2 million and that for adults over 60 years old saves $30,082.9 million in medical costs compared with no vaccine intervention. Additionally, priority vaccination for adults aged 25–59 years vs. over 60 years old saves $1,581.3 million. In contrast, priority vaccination for adults aged over 60 years vs. 25–59 years old gains 0.001 QALYs and costs $4.7 per capita, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $4,829.3/QALY, and it is economical when taking gross domestic product per capita of the United States in 2020 as the willingness-to-pay threshold. The results of sensitivity analysis indicate that the base-case results are robust.Conclusions: From a healthcare system perspective, it is most economical to prioritize adults aged over 60 years for COVID-19 vaccination in the United States, thereby achieving effective resource allocation and saving the government costs.

scholarly journals Quantifying the potential for dominant spread of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratha Sah ◽  
Thomas N Vilches ◽  
Affan Shoukat ◽  
Abhishek Pandey ◽  
Meagan C Fitzpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Current Generation ◽  
Dynamic Transmission Model

Recent evidence suggests that the SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 exhibits partial immune evasion to antibodies generated by natural infection or vaccination. We used a dynamic transmission model to evaluate whether this variant could become dominant in the United States given mounting vaccination coverage and other circulating variants. In the presence of the B.1.1.7 variant, we show that B.1.351 is unlikely to become dominant even when all fully vaccinated individuals return to their pre-pandemic behavior. However, an improved selection advantage of B.1.351 arising from a combination of increased transmission and immune escape could drive this variant to dominance as early as July 2021 and fuel a resurgence of cases and hospitalizations. Our study underscores the urgency for continued rollout of the current generation of vaccines despite the emergence of immune escape variants.

Special Article: National Surveillance of Dialysis-Associated Diseases in the United States, 2002

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn Finelli ◽  
Jeremy T. Miller ◽  
Jerome I. Tokars ◽  
Miriam J. Alter ◽  
Matthew J. Arduino
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Associated Diseases

scholarly journals Prevalence of two homologous genes encoding glycosyltransferases of Helicobacter pylori in the United States and Japan

2011 ◽  
pp. no-no ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyuki Matsuda ◽  
Seiji Shiota ◽  
Osamu Matsunari ◽  
Masahide Watada ◽  
Kazunari Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
The United States ◽  
Homologous Genes ◽  
Genes Encoding

Environmental risk factors associated with Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence in the United States: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES data

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (12) ◽  
pp. 2520-2531 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. KRUEGER ◽  
E. D. HILBORN ◽  
R. R. CONVERSE ◽  
T. J. WADE
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
H Pylori

SUMMARYHelicobacter pylori imparts a considerable burden to public health. Infections are mainly acquired in childhood and can lead to chronic diseases, including gastric ulcers and cancer. The bacterium subsists in water, but the environment's role in transmission remains poorly understood. The nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was examined for environmental risk factors associated with H. pylori seroprevalence. Data from 1999–2000 were examined and weighted to represent the US population. Multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations with seropositivity. Self-reported general health condition was inversely associated with seropositivity. Of participants aged <20 years, seropositivity was significantly associated with having a well as the source of home tap water (aOR 1·7, 95% CI 1·1–2·6) and living in a more crowded home (aOR 2·3, 95% CI 1·5–3·7). Of adults aged ⩾20 years, seropositivity was not associated with well water or crowded living conditions, but adults in soil-related occupations had significantly higher odds of seropositivity compared to those in non-soil-related occupations (aOR 1·9, 95% CI 1·2–2·9). Exposures to both well water and occupationally related soil increased the effect size of adults' odds of seropositivity compared to non-exposed adults (aOR 2·7, 95% CI 1·3-5·6). Environmental exposures (well-water usage and occupational contact with soil) play a role in H. pylori transmission. A disproportionate burden of infection is associated with poor health and crowded living conditions, but risks vary by age and race/ethnicity. These findings could help inform interventions to reduce the burden of infections in the United States.

National Surveillance of Dialysis Associated Diseases in the United States, 1995

ASAIO Journal ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome I. Tokars ◽  
Elaine R. Miller ◽  
Miriam J. Alter ◽  
Matthew J. Arduino
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Associated Diseases

scholarly journals Iron Deficiency and Helicobacter pylori Infection in the United States

2005 ◽  
Vol 163 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor M. Cardenas ◽  
Zuber D. Mulla ◽  
Melchor Ortiz ◽  
David Y. Graham
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection
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