Subsistence or market economy? Assessment of a pastoral system of Mongolia twenty years after the fall of Socialism

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-142
Author(s):  
Frédéric Joly ◽  
Samdanjigmed Tulganyam ◽  
Bernard Hubert
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Pastoral System

scholarly journals Adapting to a market economy: short-term benefits and long-term costs of cashmere wool production in the Aru Basin, Tibet

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Warg Næss
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Reform ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Pastoral System ◽  
Rangeland Degradation ◽  
Tibet Autonomous Region

The nomads in the northwestern parts of Tibet rely on sheep, goats and yaks for making a living. Today goats are mainly kept for surplus purposes, while sheep and yak are kept for subsistence purposes. The implementation of the new economic reform policy in Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) by the end of the Cultural Revolution brought the nomads in TAR closer to a market economy, and the Aru nomads are now dependent on a production that both can create a surplus to provide them with a cash income and a production that can provide them with subsistence goods. This change has resulted in a change of herd and sex composition in the nomads’ herds, of importance being a larger number of goats, and a larger number of male animals. The increasing importance of cashmere wool can be viewed as giving the Aru nomads new opportunities instead of decreasing their choices. However, this change in economic patterns can have long-term negative consequences for the pastoral system, where an increase in goat numbers might exacerbate rangeland degradation and a decrease in number of female animals in herds might have consequences for the growth potential of the herds. Consequently, herds with large proportions of adult male animals will be more affected by climatic perturbations, and the recuperation potential for herds will be decreased.

Planification: Potential and role in XXI century market economy

2016 ◽  
pp. 63-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Buzgalin ◽  
A. Kolganov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Real Socialism ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Planning Institutions

The authors, basing on a critical analysis of the experience of planning during the 20th century in a number of countries of Europe and Asia, and also on the lessons from the economics of "real socialism", set out to substantiate their conclusions on the advisability of "reloading" this institution. The aim is to create planning mechanisms, suited to the new economy, that incorporate forecasting, projections, direct and indirect selective regulation and so forth into integral programs of economic development and that set a vector of development for particular limited spheres of what remains on the whole a market economy. New planning institutions presuppose a supersession of the forms of bureaucratic centralism and a reliance on network forms of organization of the subject and process of planning.

A view at the Russian economic transformation

2018 ◽  
pp. 142-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Baranov ◽  
V. A. Bessonov
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Qualitative Level ◽  
Rate Of Recovery

The transition of the Russian economy from plan to market is considered at a qualitative level. The analysis of economic dynamics in the transformation paradigm is conducted. The main stages of the transition process are discussed. Bonuses and costs due to the transition to market economy are considered. The reasons for the outstripping growth of well-being as compared to the growth of output are discussed. The signs of exhaustion of the potential of factors ensuring an abnormally high rate of recovery and accompanying welfare growth are discussed. The conclusion is made that the transformational recovery has been completed. The Russian economy has moved to the stage of development with relatively low growth rates of output and welfare, typical for stable (nontransition) economies.

Phase Model of Market Economy

2005 ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Yegorenkov ◽  
E. Kazakova ◽  
M. Starodubtseva
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Imperfect Competition ◽  
Phase Model ◽  
Status Change ◽  
Means Of Production

The phase model of market economy is suggested in the article. It is formalized in the cubical equation The equation takes into account the imperfections of competition and the fact that consumer goods are produced with the help of means of production. Transitions from the imperfect competition to the perfect one and visa versa yield qualitative status change of market economy.

Predator Neoliberalism

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-22
Author(s):  
Kamal Dib
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Political System ◽  
Social Revolution ◽  
Socioeconomic Change ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Major Powers ◽  
The Mediterranean

Lebanon, a multi-confessional state, is undergoing a deep socioeconomic change that could trigger a review of its constitutional arrangement. The tiny republic on the Mediterranean was born in 1920 as a liberal democracy with a market economy, where the Christians had the upper hand in politics and the economy. In 1975, Lebanon witnessed a major war that lasted for fifteen years, and a new political system emerged in 1989, dubbed the Ta’ef Accord. The new constitutional arrangement, also known as the “second republic,” transferred major powers to the Muslims. Under the new republic, illiberal policies were adopted in reconstruction, public finance, and monetary policy, coupled with unprecedented corruption at the highest levels. On 17 October 2019, the country exploded in a social revolution which could precipitate the death of the second republic or the demise of the country as another victim of predator neoliberalism.

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