scholarly journals Peran Herpetofauna dalam Bidang Kesehatan: Peluang dan Tantangan

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49
Author(s):  
Aditya K. Karim ◽  
Zainal A. Wasaraka ◽  
Linus Y. Chrystomo ◽  
Ervina Indrayani
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Skin Secretion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Skin Secretions ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agents

Skin secretions and venom from many species of amphibi (frogs and toads) and reptil (group of herpetofauna) from different famillies contain a wide range of unique physiological compounds with biological activity such as peptide, protein, non-protein, and enzyme. They are potent for drug development. The compounds, known as mode of action have practical application as pharmaceutical agents, diagnostic reagents or preparative tools. Peptides with potential anticancer, fibrinolityc, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic activity play important roles in human health. This review introduces roles of herpetofauna for drugs development, potential therapeutic values and their application in human health and disease.Key words: Herpetofauna, skin secretion, venom, drugs development, health.

scholarly journals Honey as a Complementary Medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117863371770286 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Miguel ◽  
MD Antunes ◽  
ML Faleiro
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pathogen Control

The beneficial effects of honey on human health have long been recognized. Today, many of those positive effects have been studied to elucidate its mode of action. This review briefly summarizes the best studied features of honey, highlighting it as an appealing alternative medicine. In these reports, the health benefits of honey range from antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activity to anticancer action, metabolic and cardiovascular benefits, prebiotic properties, human pathogen control, and antiviral activity. These studies also support that the honey’s biological activity is mainly dependent on its floral or geographic origin. In addition, some promising synergies between honey and antibiotics have been found, as well as some antiviral properties that require further investigation. Altogether, these studies show that honey is effectively a nutraceutical foodstuff.

scholarly journals Predicted screening of biological activity of thiosulphonate pyrimidine derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
N. Ya. Monka ◽  
◽  
N. Ye. Stadnytska ◽  
R. V. Charka ◽  
Y. V. Roman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Pyrimidine Derivatives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
On Line

Pyrimidine and its derivatives are important objects for chemical synthesis and development of new drugs based on them. There is a practical application of a number of substances with a pyrimidine heterocycle in medical practice. We performed a predicted screening of biological activity, cytotoxicity and toxicity in rats of some synthesized pyrimidine thiosulfonates using appropriate on-line programs. It was found that they are low-toxic substances with a wide range of biological action and a high value of probable activity, which indicates the feasibility of continuing experimental studies of their biological action, in particular anticancer. S- (4,6- dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl) benzenesulfonothioate deserves special attention for in-depth study.

Extending the Applicability of the ANI Deep Learning Molecular Potential to Sulfur and Halogens

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Devereux ◽  
Justin Smith ◽  
Kate Davis ◽  
Kipton Barros ◽  
Roman Zubatyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Potential Energy Surfaces ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Molecular Potential ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Energy Surfaces ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Physical Phenomena

<p>Machine learning (ML) methods have become powerful, predictive tools in a wide range of applications, such as facial recognition and autonomous vehicles. In the sciences, computational chemists and physicists have been using ML for the prediction of physical phenomena, such as atomistic potential energy surfaces and reaction pathways. Transferable ML potentials, such as ANI-1x, have been developed with the goal of accurately simulating organic molecules containing the chemical elements H, C, N, and O. Here we provide an extension of the ANI-1x model. The new model, dubbed ANI-2x, is trained to three additional chemical elements: S, F, and Cl. Additionally, ANI-2x underwent torsional refinement training to better predict molecular torsion profiles. These new features open a wide range of new applications within organic chemistry and drug development. These seven elements (H, C, N, O, F, Cl, S) make up ~90% of drug like molecules. To show that these additions do not sacrifice accuracy, we have tested this model across a range of organic molecules and applications, including the COMP6 benchmark, dihedral rotations, conformer scoring, and non-bonded interactions. ANI-2x is shown to accurately predict molecular energies compared to DFT with a ~10<sup>6</sup> factor speedup and a negligible slowdown compared to ANI-1x. The resulting model is a valuable tool for drug development that can potentially replace both quantum calculations and classical force fields for myriad applications.</p>

Modern prevention and active longevity programs on the basis of disruptive domestic technologies: positive experience and prospects for application

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
A. Simonova ◽  
S. Chudakov ◽  
R. Gorenkov ◽  
V. Egorov ◽  
A. Gostry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Integrated Program ◽  
Long Term Experience ◽  
Early Detection And Prevention

The article summarizes the long-term experience of practical application of domestic breakthrough technologies of preventive personalized medicine for laboratory diagnostics of a wide range of socially significant non-infectious diseases. Conceptual approaches to the formation of an integrated program for early detection and prevention of civilization diseases based on these technologies are given. A vision of the prospects for the development of this area in domestic and foreign medicine has been formed.

Probiotics for Gastrointestinal Health and�General�Wellbeing

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
E.O. Irokanulo ◽  
M.A. Akalegbere
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Gut Flora ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Gastrointestinal Health ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
General Wellbeing

Gastrointestinal health is a precursor to general wellbeing in humans. Maintaining good normal gut flora for the health benefits they provide is important. Unfortunately, however, the good gut flora is sometimes dislodged during feeding and treatment with certain drugs. Foods that lead to such gut flora displacement may contain other microorganisms whose actions create unfavourable environmental conditions for resident flora. The principle of removing unwanted harmful gut flora; introducing good microorganisms through ingestion of live microorganisms, known as probiotics or foods that contain specific live microbes of interest is now practiced. Consumption of foods containing probiotics has long been practiced world-wide especially in rural settings and in low-income economies even though such consumptions may be unintended. Presently, careful isolation, characterization and testing of candidate probiotic organisms, has become the norm. This re-emerging phenomenon and the great impact it has on human health is considered here looking at probiotic sources; including foods, the role they play in gastrointestinal health, their mode of action and the disease types where they are beneficial to man including their safety and how their introduction in the �medical menu� in low-income nations can help in combating the rather very �regular� gastrointestinal infections in these countries.

Enzymes as a Reservoir of Host Defence Peptides

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 1310-1323
Author(s):  
Andrea Bosso ◽  
Antimo Di Maro ◽  
Valeria Cafaro ◽  
Alberto Di Donato ◽  
Eugenio Notomista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Host Defence ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Active Peptides ◽  
Wide Range

Host defence peptides (HDPs) are powerful modulators of cellular responses to various types of insults caused by pathogen agents. To date, a wide range of HDPs, from species of different kingdoms including bacteria, plant and animal with extreme diversity in structure and biological activity, have been described. Apart from a limited number of peptides ribosomally synthesized, a large number of promising and multifunctional HDPs have been identified within protein precursors, with properties not necessarily related to innate immunity, consolidating the fascinating hypothesis that proteins have a second or even multiple biological mission in the form of one or more bio-active peptides. Among these precursors, enzymes constitute certainly an interesting group, because most of them are mainly globular and characterized by a fine specific internal structure closely related to their catalytic properties and also because they are yet little considered as potential HDP releasing proteins. In this regard, the main aim of the present review is to describe a panel of HDPs, identified in all canonical classes of enzymes, and to provide a detailed description on hydrolases and their corresponding HDPs, as there seems to exist a striking link between these structurally sophisticated catalysts and their high content in cationic and amphipathic cryptic peptides.

Flavonoids in Human Health: From Structure to Biological Activity

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djebbar Atmani ◽  
Nassima Chaher ◽  
Dina Atmani ◽  
Meriem Berboucha ◽  
Nadjet Debbache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Human Health

Studies on the EC50 of Natural Monoterpenes as Fungal Inhibitors with Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSARs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-60
Author(s):  
Mohamed E.I. Badawy ◽  
Entsar I. Rabea ◽  
Samir A.M. Abdelgaleil
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Molecular Descriptors ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Qsar Study ◽  
Qsar Analysis ◽  
Pharmacophore Modelling ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Wide Range

Background:Monoterpenes are the main constituents of the essential oils obtained from plants. These natural products offered wide spectra of biological activity and extensively tested against microbial pathogens and other agricultural pests.Methods:Antifungal activity of 10 monoterpenes, including two hydrocarbons (camphene and (S)- limonene) and eight oxygenated hydrocarbons ((R)-camphor, (R)-carvone, (S)-fenchone, geraniol, (R)-linalool, (+)-menthol, menthone, and thymol), was determined against fungi of Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Fusarium graminearum, Phoma exigua, Phytophthora infestans, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by the mycelia radial growth technique. Subsequently, Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) analysis using different molecular descriptors with multiple regression analysis based on systematic search and LOOCV technique was performed. Moreover, pharmacophore modelling was carried out using LigandScout software to evaluate the common features essential for the activity and the hypothetical geometries adopted by these ligands in their most active forms.Results:The results showed that the antifungal activities were high, but depended on the chemical structure and the type of microorganism. Thymol showed the highest effect against all fungi tested with respective EC50 in the range of 10-86 mg/L. The QSAR study proved that the molecular descriptors HBA, MR, Pz, tPSA, and Vp were correlated positively with the biological activity in all of the best models with a correlation coefficient (r) ≥ 0.98 and cross-validated values (Q2) ≥ 0.77.Conclusion:The results of this work offer the opportunity to choose monoterpenes with preferential antimicrobial activity against a wide range of plant pathogens.

scholarly journals Applicability of Honey on Silkworms (Bombyx mori) and Quality Improvement of Its Biomaterials

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4613
Author(s):  
Gabriela-Maria Baci ◽  
Alexandra-Antonia Cucu ◽  
Adela Ramona Moise ◽  
Daniel Severus Dezmirean
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Recombinant Proteins ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ancient Times

Since ancient times, honey has been considered one of the most illustrious and esteemed natural products. Honey plays two key roles; specifically, it is an appreciated nutritional product, and also exhibits a wide range of beneficial properties for human health as a therapeutic agent. Furthermore, it has been shown that honey has valuable effects on the biological and physiological features of mulberry silkworms (Bombyx mori). Bombyx mori exhibits importance not only for the economy, but it also serves as an important biotechnological bioreactor for the production of recombinant proteins that have a great impact in the medical field and beyond. It also represents an important model organism for life sciences. In view of the fact that silk fibroin serves as a natural biopolymer that displays high biocompatibility with human organisms and due to honey’s various and remarkable properties for human health, the two elements are currently used together in order to develop ideal biomaterials for a wide range of purposes. In this review, by discussing the applicability of honey on Bombyx mori and beyond, the importance of honey for life sciences and related fields is spotlighted.

scholarly journals Methodologies in the Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.): Composition, Biological Activity, and Beneficial Effects on Human Health

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Bety W. Hapsari ◽  
Manikharda ◽  
Widiastuti Setyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Environmental Influence ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), as an edible flower, has long provided an array of positive effects on human health. This benefit is a result of phenolic compounds that are naturally present mainly in the calyx. Plentiful medicinal remedies and functional foods based on this flower are available worldwide, as supported by the studies of phenolic compounds in recent decades. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the composition, biological activity, and beneficial effects on human health of phenolic compounds in roselle. This review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A structured search in the published literature for phenolics compositions in roselle was required prior to the evaluation on the validity of the reported analytical methods. Reliable identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in roselle can be achieved by employing the proper extraction and separation methods. With ample alternative analytical methods discussed here, this review provided an aid for comprehending and selecting the most appropriate method for a particular study. The applications of the analytical methods highlighted indicated that phenolic acids, flavonoids, and their derivatives have been identified and quantified in roselle with a range of biological activities and beneficial effects on human health. It was also disclosed that the composition and concentration of phenolic compounds in roselle vary due to the growth factors, cultivars, and environmental influence. Finally, apart from the research progress carried out with roselle during the last ten years, this review also proposed relevant future works.

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