scholarly journals Biochemical changes during heat stress in productive animals with an emphasis on the antioxidant defense system

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Daria Mylostуva ◽  
Vasyl Prudnikov ◽  
Oleksandr Kolisnyk ◽  
Anna Lykhach ◽  
Natalia Begma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Defense System

scholarly journals Melatonin Suppressed the Heat Stress-Induced Damage in Wheat Seedlings by Modulating the Antioxidant Machinery

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeeshan Ali Buttar ◽  
Sheng Nan Wu ◽  
Marino B. Arnao ◽  
Chaojie Wang ◽  
Ikram Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Machinery ◽  
Stress Responsive Genes ◽  
Antioxidant Machinery

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a pleiotropic signaling molecule that plays a crucial role in the regulation of various environmental stresses, including heat stress (HS). In this study, a 100 μM melatonin (MT) pretreatment followed by exposure to heat stress for different time periods was found to efficiently reduce oxidative stress by preventing the over-accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lowering the lipid peroxidation content (malondialdehyde (MDA) content), and increasing proline (Pro) biosynthesis. Moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), were increased substantially in MT-pretreated wheat seedlings. The presence of MT significantly improved the heat tolerance of wheat seedlings by modulating their antioxidant defense system, activating the ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle comprising ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and increasing glutathione reductase (GR) activities. It also held the photosynthetic machinery stable by increasing the chlorophyll content. Enhancement in the endogenous MT contents was also observed in the MT+HS-treated plants. Furthermore, the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related genes TaSOD, TaPOD, and TaCAT, and anti-stress responsive genes, such as TaMYB80, TaWRKY26, and TaWRKY39, was also induced in MT-treated seedlings. Due to these notable changes, an improvement in stress resistance was observed in MT-treated seedlings compared with control. Taken together, our findings suggest that MT can play a key role in boosting the stress tolerance of plants by modulating the antioxidant defense system and regulating the transcription of stress-responsive genes.

scholarly journals Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Rootstock Improves the Heat Tolerance of Cucumber by Regulating Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Defense Pathways

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Qi Tao ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahan ◽  
Kun Hou ◽  
Sheng Shu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Bitter Melon ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Polyamine Synthesis

High temperature is considered a critical abiotic stressor that is increasing continuously, which is severely affecting plant growth and development. The use of heat-resistant rootstock grafting is a viable technique that is practiced globally to improve plant resistance towards abiotic stresses. In this experiment, we explored the efficacy of bitter melon rootstock and how it regulates photosynthesis and the antioxidant defense system to alleviate heat stress (42 °C/32 °C) in cucumber. Our results revealed that bitter-melon-grafted seedlings significantly relieved heat-induced growth inhibition and photoinhibition, maintained better photosynthesis activity, and accumulated a greater biomass than self-grafted seedlings. We measured the endogenous polyamine and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents to determine the inherent mechanism responsible for these effects, and the results showed that heat stress induced a transient increase in polyamines and H2O2 in the inner courtyard of grafted seedlings. This increment was greater and more robust in bitter-melon-grafted seedlings. In addition, the use of polyamine synthesis inhibitors MGBG (methylglyoxal bis-guanylhydrazone) and D-Arg (D-arginine), further confirmed that the production of H2O2 under heat stress is mediated by the accumulation of endogenous polyamines. Moreover, compared with other treatments, the bitter-melon-grafted seedlings maintained high levels of antioxidant enzyme activity under high temperature conditions. However, these activities were significantly inhibited by polyamine synthesis inhibitors and H2O2 scavengers (dimethylthiourea, DMTU), indicating that bitter melon rootstock not only maintained better photosynthetic activity under conditions of high temperature stress but also mediated the production of H2O2 through the regulation of the high level of endogenous polyamines, thereby boosting the antioxidant defense system and comprehensively improving the heat tolerance of cucumber seedlings. Taken together, these results indicate that grafting with a resistant cultivar is a promising alternative tool for reducing stress-induced damage.

Effect of heat stress on the antioxidant defense system and erythrocyte morphology of Antarctic fishes

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA ROSA D.P. DE SOUZA ◽  
TANIA ZALESKI ◽  
CINTIA MACHADO ◽  
PRISCILA K. KANDALSKI ◽  
MARIANA FORGATI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Erythrocyte Morphology ◽  
Antarctic Fishes
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