La forêt et le bois: des caractéristiques et des propriétés exceptionnelles face à l'effet de serre – quelques arguments décisifs | Forest and wood: some decisive arguments for characteristics and exceptional properties regarding global warming

2006 ◽  
Vol 157 (11) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Ernst Zürcher
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Multifunctional Material ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Contribution Level

In the context of the environmental problems linked to global climatic change, the latest research developments in the field of carbon sequestration through the forest seem to offer a mitigated perspective. Another picture appears if the stand is placed under active management, according to the principle of sustained yield. The presentation of the wood properties relevant for construction, compared to other building materials,enables us to define decisive advantages, both at the physical and at the ecological contribution level of this multifunctional material. New construction techniques with massive wood lead to a combination and even to an unexpected amplification of these advantages.

YÜKSEK YAPILARIN TASARIMLARININ VE YAPIM TEKNİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 289-304
Author(s):  
Ahmet Cihat ARI
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
New Construction ◽  
High Structure ◽  
The City ◽  
Design And Construction

With the increase of the population recently, changes have occurred in the design and construction techniques of the buildings due to the insufficient building stock. With the development of science and technology, new construction techniques have emerged in the construction and design of structures. In the global population increase, high-rise buildings were built to meet the need for shelter and these structures were built with the development of technology. However, high-rise buildings have become the symbol of technological development for countries and cities. Since the 21st century, the construction of high-rise buildings in cities with different designs and new construction techniques has provided the development of architecture and engineering. It is important to design high-rise buildings in accordance with the culture and texture of the city. In addition, high-rise buildings should be built as structures resistant to natural disasters such as earthquakes, fires and floods. For this reason, the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings have become a research subject in the field of architecture and engineering. The aim of this study is to examine the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings. In the first part of the study, the concept of high rise building and its historical development are discussed. In the second part of the study, the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings are investigated. In addition, the study was conducted to examine the high structure by giving examples from the world and Turkey. Within the scope of the study, literature researches such as domestic and international articles, books, published theses, web resources were conducted and data were collected. As a result of the examinations made within the scope of the study, it is important to select the building materials in accordance with the characteristics of the building materials in the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings with the development of technology. Therefore, the architect should know the properties of the materials in the design of high-rise buildings and use them in accordance with the properties of the material in the construction of the buildings. In addition, increasing the height of the building by making aerodynamic designs in high buildings reduces the effect of the wind speed.

Ruling out Change: Institutional Impediments to Transfer of Technology in Ship Building and Design in the Far East

Itinerario ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Bao Leshi
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Far East ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Ship Building ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Technological Tradition

In the Chinese technological tradition, no sector, apart from that of agriculture, is as rich in original ideas as naval architecture. Over the past three millennia, hundreds of different types of craft have been developed for use on China's shallow lakes, on its fast flowing rivers and along its often stormy coastal waters. Each type was developed for specific use as a means of transportation, and would seem to represent the ultimate answer to the challenges posed by local conditions. Ultimate answer, that is, within the limitations of the traditional building materials with which these boats were constructed and fitted out. Nor was ingenuity confined to construction techniques.

scholarly journals Estimating Carbon Sequestration Rates and Total Carbon Stockpile in Degraded and Non-Degraded Sites of Oak and Pine Forest of Kumaun Central Himalaya

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 75-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Jina ◽  
Pankaj Sah ◽  
M. D. Bhatt ◽  
Y. S. Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Carbon Trading ◽  
Central Himalaya ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
The People ◽  
Forest Sites

We calculated the rates at which CO2 is being sequestered in two different forest types of Himalaya. For our comparative study we took the degraded and non-degraded sites of pine and oak forests in Kumaun Central Himalaya. The Van Panchayats (VPs) or Community Forests are managing the nondegraded forest sites for centuries, and from this research we have come to know that the sequestration of CO2 in these non-degraded forests is significantly greater than the degraded forests. The paper recommends the significance of community forests in both Uttarakhand and the world, and advocates that if we want to fight against global warming, we must encourage the community forests and that the people living in severe poverty in these forest areas who become the unsung heroes in the war against global warming, must be paid in lieu of saving their forests, which ultimately become the sink for increased CO2 worldwide. This business or ‘carbon trading' will indeed evolve as the panacea against the war against global warming. Key words: Carbon sequestration, community forests, Van Panchayats, green house gases, global warming, carbon trading.   doi: 10.3126/eco.v15i0.1946 ECOPRINT 15: 75-81, 2008

scholarly journals Simulated Variation Characteristics of Oceanic CO2 Uptake, Surface Temperature, and Acidification in Zhejiang Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo Wang ◽  
Han Zhang ◽  
Gao-Feng Fan ◽  
Zheng-Quan Li ◽  
Zhen-Yan Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Co2 Uptake ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Variation Characteristics ◽  
Oceanic Carbon

Since preindustrial times, atmospheric CO2 content increased continuously, leading to global warming through the greenhouse effect. Oceanic carbon sequestration mitigates global warming; on the other hand, oceanic CO2 uptake would reduce seawater pH, which is termed ocean acidification. We perform Earth system model simulations to assess oceanic CO2 uptake, surface temperature, and acidification for Zhejiang offshore, one of the most vulnerable areas to marine disasters. In the last 40 years, atmospheric CO2 concentration increased by 71 ppm, and sea surface temperature (SST) in Zhejiang offshore increased at a rate of 0.16°C/10a. Cumulative oceanic CO2 uptake in Zhejiang offshore is 0.3 Pg C, resulting in an increase of 20% in sea surface hydrogen ion concentration, and the acidification rate becomes faster in the last decade. During 2020–2040, under four RCP scenarios, SST in Zhejiang offshore increases by 0.3–0.5°C, whereas cumulative ocean carbon sequestration is 0.150–0.165 Pg C. Relative to RCP2.6, the decrease of surface pH in Zhejiang offshore is doubled under RCP8.5. Furthermore, simulated results show that the relationship between CO2 scenario and oceanic carbon cycle is nonlinear, which hints that deeper reduction of anthropogenic CO2 emission may be needed if we aim to mitigate ocean acidification in Zhejiang offshore under a higher CO2 concentration scenario. Our study quantifies the variation characteristics of oceanic climate and carbon cycle fields in Zhejiang offshore, and provides new insight into the responses of oceanic carbon cycle and the climate system to oceanic carbon sequestration.

scholarly journals Assessing the long term effects on climate change of metallurgical slags valorization as construction material: a comparison between static and dynamic global warming impacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-111
Author(s):  
Andrea Di Maria ◽  
◽  
Annie Levasseur ◽  
Karel Van Acker ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Stainless Steel Slag ◽  
Environmental Evaluation

<abstract> <p>The interest in circular economy for the construction sector is constantly increasing, and Global Warming Potential (GWP) is often used to assess the carbon footprint of buildings and building materials. However, GWP presents some methodological challenges when assessing the environmental impacts of construction materials. Due to the long life of construction materials, GWP calculation should take into consideration also time-related aspects. However, in the current GWP, any temporal information is lost, making traditional static GWP better suited for retrospective assessment rather than forecasting purposes. Building on this need, this study uses a time-dependent GWP to assess the carbon footprint of two newly developed construction materials, produced through the recycling of industrial residues (stainless steel slag and industrial goethite). The results for both materials are further compared with the results of traditional ordinary Portland cement (OPC) based concrete, presenting similar characteristics. The results of the dynamic GWP (D_GWP) are also compared to the results of traditional static GWP (S_GWP), to see how the methodological development of D_GWP may influence the final environmental evaluation for construction materials. The results show the criticality of the recycling processes, especially in the case of goethite valorization. The analysis shows also that, although the D_GWP did not result in a shift in the ranking between the three materials compared with S_GWP, it provides a clearer picture of emission flows and their effect on climate change over time.</p> </abstract>

Earth Building Materials, Production, and Construction Techniques

2013 ◽  
pp. 517-536
Author(s):  
Hamed Niroumand ◽  
M.F.M Zain ◽  
Sanaz Naghavi Alhosseni
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
National University

Building materials and construction technology are strongly interrelated with the pillars for sustainable development (e.g. environment, society economy, culture and politics). Earth Building, an 11,000-year-old practice of building using sustainable and earth materials, is practiced worldwide. Earth has been used to construct walls, floors, roofs, and even furniture. Today it is estimated that between 33-50%of the world's population is housed in earth homes. This chapter reviews the two-year process of earth buildings and earth architecture carried out by the Department of Architecture Faculty of Built Environment and Engineering at National University of Malaysia (UKM). The current research emphasis is on the types, construction methods, and architectural aspects of earth buildings and earth architecture. The current manuscript compares type of earth buildings and their properties and applications based on building materials and architectural aspects in construction.

Argasid ticks, relapsing fever and a changing climate.

2021 ◽  
pp. 370-374
Author(s):  
Mike Teglas
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Expert Opinion ◽  
Relapsing Fever ◽  
Changing Climate

Abstract This expert opinion focuses on the potential future impact of global warming and climatic change on the distribution of argasid ticks and the prevalence of tick-borne relapsing fever.

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