scholarly journals Features of the balance structure formation of groundwater withdrawal and its effect on river flow at a subsoil water level drawdown

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
S. O. Grinevsky ◽  
V. S. Sporyshev
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Level ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Groundwater Withdrawal ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Subsoil Water ◽  
Balance Structure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Subsoil Water Level ◽  
Infiltration Recharge

The balance structure of the pumpage sourses of riverside water-intakes, developing a subsoil aquifer or intermediate water that hydraulically interacts with it, can show the effect of the processes of water balance adjustment in the unsaturated zone to the accompanying subsoil water level drawdown. In this case, because of the shallow depth to subsoil water, its level drop due to water withdrawal causes a decrease in evapotranspiration and an increase in groundwater infiltration recharge. These processes have their effect on the balance structure of usable water resources as components of natural and involved resources and reduce the impact of groundwater pumping on river flow. Analysis of the operational data of the Sudogda waterintake in Vladimir oblast and geohydrological modeling were used to evaluate variations of the groundwater evaportanspiration losses and infiltration recharge and their role in the water balance structure of reserves of a field and in the impact of groundwater withdrawal on river flow.

scholarly journals Numerical studies for a better understanding of static ice loads on dams

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Kharik ◽  
Brian Morse ◽  
Varvara Roubtsova ◽  
Mario Fafard ◽  
Alain Côté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Initial Stresses ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Intermediate Water ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Ice Loads ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potential Maximum

It is important to anticipate potential maximum ice loads to ensure the structural stability of dams in cold climates. Finite element modeling (FEM) can provide some insights into process mechanisms. Four important ice-loading events on dams are presented and simulated. The measured loads were caused by the thermal expansion of ice together with intermediate water level fluctuations. Only the thermal expansion is modeled by the FEM, but the impact of water level fluctuations can increase lateral confinement that increases the predicted load by 36% to 106%, particularly when the cover contains mostly columnar ice. It is demonstrated that the presence of snow ice in the cover can decrease the predicted load by 35% to 53%. The study also demonstrates how initial stresses in the ice can affect the ultimate load and show that the very-difficult-to-manage delayed-elastic strain term need not be included in the material model where preliminary results suffice.

scholarly journals Impact of Sedimentation on Water Seepage Capacity in Lake Nakuru, Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Parfait Iradukunda ◽  
Maurice O. Nyadawa
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Sediment Sample ◽  
Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Lake Nakuru ◽  
Water Seepage ◽  
Average Ratio ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maximum Permeability

Accumulation and deposition of sediments in waterbody affect the seepage capacity that could lead to improper water balance and results in the water level rise. This study analysed the influence of sedimentation on seepage capacity in Lake Nakuru and the impact of sediment characteristics to the water seepage and the flow rate formation at the lake bed level. The study was performed by sampling and analysing the sediment cores from two locations in the lake. The sediment hydraulic properties, i.e., moisture and porosity, particle sizes, and hydraulic conductivity, were determined using the oven-drying method, sieve analysis, hydrometer analysis, and falling head tests, respectively. The results showed that the lake sediment sample from location P1 had an average ratio of 39.38% for silty soil, 34.00% for clayey sediment, and 26.63% for fine-sand sediment particles with the maximum permeability coefficient of 3.37 ∗ 10 − 5  cm/s, while the one from location P2 had an average ratio of 63.17% for sand, 20.17% for fine particles, and 16.67% for gravels with the maximum permeability coefficient of 0.010793 cm/s. The hydraulic conductivity of sediment sample from location P1 and P2 increased along the core depth. This could lead to the rise of water level due to the decreases of water movement induced from the sediment cementation in the top layers under the waterbody. Sedimentation affects Lake Nakuru water volume and water balance; hence, there is a need to control the inflow of sediment resulting from anthropogenic activities in the watershed.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamic changes impacted by the waterway capital dredging in Cikarang Bekasi Laut channel, West Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-459
Author(s):  
Harman Ajiwibowo ◽  
Munawir B. Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
West Java ◽  
Tidal Elevation ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Data Dredging ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper presents one-dimensional numerical modeling using MIKE 11 to simulate the impact of capital dredging on the hydrodynamics of the Cikarang Bekasi Laut (CBL) channel flow. The CBL channel is located in Bekasi Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia. The river discharges upstream, and tidal fluctuations at the sea boundary were the governing parameters of the hydrodynamic model. Data such as river centerline, cross-sections, tidal elevation, and river discharges were compiled to construct the model. The instantaneous record of water level and river discharge data were used as model validation. The model results give decent validation when compared to water level and river discharge field data. Dredging on the canal is planned to be carried out across 19 km from the estuary to the upstream to allow large vessel navigation. The modeling results show that during the wet season, dredging affects the water level and river flow up to 25 km upstream, while during the dry season, dredging affects the hydrodynamics only up to 20 km upstream. It can be concluded that the canal dredging does not have a significant impact in terms of surface water elevation in the canal upstream. The critical finding is that the bed shear stress is significantly increased upstream of the dredging plan at kilometer 19, showing that there is potential riverbed erosion threat in the area. It is recommended to conduct a sedimentation study to predict the impact of sedimentation change from the dredging.

An improved representation of ephemeral pool hydrology in a semi-distributed hydrologic model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bizhanimanzar ◽  
Marie Larocque ◽  
Marjolaine Roux
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Isolated Wetlands ◽  
Ephemeral Pools ◽  
Depth Relationship ◽  
The Impact

<p>Ephemeral pools are seasonally flooded geographically isolated wetlands with distinct hydrology i.e., they are filled in winter and spring with inflow from snowmelt, and precipitation and dry out during summer. Ephemeral pools offer a variety of biodiversity benefits notably providing breeding habitat for several amphibian and invertebrate species. The quality of their ecosystem services is mainly controlled by their hydroperiod which is regulated by hydrology i.e., inflow /outflow of the pools. The classic water budget modeling approach with a simplified representation of the flow exchange between the pool and surface-subsurface zones may not adequately reveal their sensitivity to anthropogenic interventions and climatic changes. On the other hand, the generic volume-area-depth relationship of isolated wetlands in deterministic hydrologic models may not adequately reveal their dynamic water level fluctuations. The objective of this study, in the first place, is to improve the representation of ephemeral pools in the semi-distributed SWAT hydrological model, notably in the pothole module which is used for modeling isolated wetlands. The developed model will then be used to analyze the impact of land use and climate changes on dynamics of hydroperiods of ephemeral pools of the Saumon River watershed (68 km<sup>2</sup>) in the Canadian Shield of the Outaouais region (Quebec, Canada). A detailed bathymetry survey along with a long series (one to five years) of daily water level measurements available at ten pools allowed to replace the simplified linear volume-area relationship with the measured rating curve for the ephemeral pools in this region. The calibration process of the revised model is performed using the standard SWAT calibration code (SWAT-CUP) coupled to a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm adjusting evaporation and seepage coefficients of the revised module for all isolated wetlands of the region. This double calibration ensures representation of both the watershed hydrology (10 years of river flow rates) and the water level fluctuations in the pools. The simulation results show that the revised SWAT version can adequately reproduce the dynamic water level behavior of the monitored pools as well as streamflow discharges. The model is currently used with scenarios of human and climatic disturbances to understand their impact on the filling-drying cycle of ephemeral pools and on the integrated hydrologic system at the watershed scale.</p>

Hydrodynamic Simulation of WeiYi Bridge in LiuZhou City, Guangxi Province, China

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 1874-1877
Author(s):  
He Wei ◽  
Long Hua Gao ◽  
He Qin Chen ◽  
Jiu Fa Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Guangxi Province ◽  
Hydrodynamic Simulation ◽  
Water Project ◽  
Adi Method ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Liuzhou is an important city of flood protection in china.Flood protection assessment for any new relational-water project is prerequisite.In order to understand the impact to river flow,a 2-D hydrodynamic model is set up,and use ADI method to solute partial differential groups.The results can be shown as fellows: Computation is fast steady and convergent by ADI method,and associated errors of model control is satisfied.The bridge pier has major impacts on river flow.Velocity change due to bridge built could lead to riverbed erosion between piers,and siltation along the upstream and downstream of the Weiyi bridge.Water level could be rised in the bridge upstream with the raised water level of about 0.08m,which might affect drained floods to a some degree.

scholarly journals A Model-Based Tool for Assessing the Impact of Land Use Change Scenarios on Flood Risk in Small-Scale River Systems—Part 1: Pre-Processing of Scenario Based Flood Characteristics for the Current State of Land Use

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Frauke Kachholz ◽  
Jens Tränckner
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Ungauged Catchments ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

Land use changes influence the water balance and often increase surface runoff. The resulting impacts on river flow, water level, and flood should be identified beforehand in the phase of spatial planning. In two consecutive papers, we develop a model-based decision support system for quantifying the hydrological and stream hydraulic impacts of land use changes. Part 1 presents the semi-automatic set-up of physically based hydrological and hydraulic models on the basis of geodata analysis for the current state. Appropriate hydrological model parameters for ungauged catchments are derived by a transfer from a calibrated model. In the regarded lowland river basins, parameters of surface and groundwater inflow turned out to be particularly important. While the calibration delivers very good to good model results for flow (Evol =2.4%, R = 0.84, NSE = 0.84), the model performance is good to satisfactory (Evol = −9.6%, R = 0.88, NSE = 0.59) in a different river system parametrized with the transfer procedure. After transferring the concept to a larger area with various small rivers, the current state is analyzed by running simulations based on statistical rainfall scenarios. Results include watercourse section-specific capacities and excess volumes in case of flooding. The developed approach can relatively quickly generate physically reliable and spatially high-resolution results. Part 2 builds on the data generated in part 1 and presents the subsequent approach to assess hydrologic/hydrodynamic impacts of potential land use changes.

High-Resolution Climate Change Impact Analysis on Expected Future Water Availability in the Upper Jordan Catchment and the Middle East

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1517-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Smiatek ◽  
Harald Kunstmann ◽  
Andreas Heckl
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Mesoscale Model ◽  
Global Climate Model ◽  
Full Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The impact of climate change on the future water availability of the upper Jordan River (UJR) and its tributaries Dan, Snir, and Hermon located in the eastern Mediterranean is evaluated by a highly resolved distributed approach with the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5) run at 18.6- and 6.2-km resolution offline coupled with the Water Flow and Balance Simulation Model (WaSiM). The MM5 was driven with NCEP reanalysis for 1971–2000 and with Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3), GCM forcings for 1971–2099. Because only one regional–global climate model combination was applied, the results may not give the full range of possible future projections. To describe the Dan spring behavior, the hydrological model was extended by a bypass approach to allow the fast discharge components of the Snir to enter the Dan catchment. Simulation results for the period 1976–2000 reveal that the coupled system was able to reproduce the observed discharge rates in the partially karstic complex terrain to a reasonable extent with the high-resolution 6.2-km meteorological input only. The performed future climate simulations show steadily rising temperatures with 2.2 K above the 1976–2000 mean for the period 2031–60 and 3.5 K for the period 2070–99. Precipitation trends are insignificant until the middle of the century, although a decrease of approximately 12% is simulated. For the end of the century, a reduction in rainfall ranging between 10% and 35% can be expected. Discharge in the UJR is simulated to decrease by 12% until 2060 and by 26% until 2099, both related to the 1976–2000 mean. The discharge decrease is associated with a lower number of high river flow years.

scholarly journals Assessing Stream-Aquifer Connectivity in a Coastal California Watershed

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Bwalya Malama ◽  
Devin Pritchard-Peterson ◽  
John J. Jasbinsek ◽  
Christopher Surfleet
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Pumping Tests ◽  
Stream Flows ◽  
The Impact

We report the results of field and laboratory investigations of stream-aquifer interactions in a watershed along the California coast to assess the impact of groundwater pumping for irrigation on stream flows. The methods used include subsurface sediment sampling using direct-push drilling, laboratory permeability and particle size analyses of sediment, piezometer installation and instrumentation, stream discharge and stage monitoring, pumping tests for aquifer characterization, resistivity surveys, and long-term passive monitoring of stream stage and groundwater levels. Spectral analysis of long-term water level data was used to assess correlation between stream and groundwater level time series data. The investigations revealed the presence of a thin low permeability silt-clay aquitard unit between the main aquifer and the stream. This suggested a three layer conceptual model of the subsurface comprising unconfined and confined aquifers separated by an aquitard layer. This was broadly confirmed by resistivity surveys and pumping tests, the latter of which indicated the occurrence of leakage across the aquitard. The aquitard was determined to be 2–3 orders of magnitude less permeable than the aquifer, which is indicative of weak stream-aquifer connectivity and was confirmed by spectral analysis of stream-aquifer water level time series. The results illustrate the importance of site-specific investigations and suggest that even in systems where the stream is not in direct hydraulic contact with the producing aquifer, long-term stream depletion can occur due to leakage across low permeability units. This has implications for management of stream flows, groundwater abstraction, and water resources management during prolonged periods of drought.

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