scholarly journals Population, biomass, and production of heterotrophic bacteria in reservoirs of the Upper Volga

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
A. I. Kopylov ◽  
D. B. Kosolapov ◽  
I. V. Rybakova
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Epiphytic Bacteria ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
Water Layers ◽  
Benthic Bacteria

Populations, biomasses, and production rates of planktonic, epiphytic, and benthic bacterial communities were defined in two reservoirs of the upper Volga, and their contributions to total numbers of bacteria and productivity were estimated. Populations and production rates of heterotrophic bacteria in 1-cm3 samples of bottom sediments exceed fouling of higher aquatic plants by a factor of 101–102, and in the water layers by a factor of 103–104. In mesotrophic Rybinsk and eutrophic Ivankovskoye reservoirs, benthic bacteria account for 90.4% and 98.8% of the total biomass, and 99.5% and 95.8% of total heterotrophic bacterial products, respectively. In these reservoirs, dissolved organic carbon accounts for 9.55% and 1.19% of the biomass and 4.12% and 0.45% of production, and epiphytic bacteria account for 0.05% and 0.03% of the biomass and 0.03% and 0.02% of production. These findings suggest important roles of benthic bacterial populations in reservoirs of the upper Volga.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of picoseston in the Saratov reservoir in summer

2021 ◽  
pp. 176-190
Author(s):  
E. S. Krasnova ◽  
M. V. Umanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Saratov Reservoir ◽  
Autotrophic Picoplankton ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
Planktonic Food

The structure and spatial distribution of picoseston in the Saratov reservoir in July 2011 and August 2014 are described. On average, the total abundance of cells and particles forming picoseston was 1.87±0.73×106 cells (part.)/mL; and the total biomass of picoseston was 43.8±19.4 µg C/L. During the study period, solitary heterotrophic bacteria and phototrophic picocyanobacteria prevailed in the picoseston of the Saratov reservoir, amounting to 77–100% of its total abundance and biomass. The proportion of picodetrital particles was extremely small (on average, 4.1% of the total biomass of picoseston). The high heterogeneity of picoceston distribution (Cv is 130% and 110% for abundance and biomass, respectively) was found in the Saratov reservoir during the study period. On average, the abundance and biomass of heterotrophic bacterioplaknton and picodetritus at stations of the tributary estuaries were slightly higher than in the riverbed. At the same time, the abundance of picocyanobacteria was higher, and the biomass was lower at the estuarine stations compared to the riverbed ones. The total number of bacterioplankton and autotrophic picoplankton in the Saratov reservoir in 2011 and 2014 corresponded to the mesotrophic level of productivity. Picodetrital particles, in contrast to the Upper Volga and Kama reservoirs, make no significant contribution to the planktonic food webs of the Saratov reservoir, at least during the study period.

scholarly journals More, smaller bacteria in response to ocean's warming?

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1810) ◽  
pp. 20150371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xosé Anxelu G. Morán ◽  
Laura Alonso-Sáez ◽  
Enrique Nogueira ◽  
Hugh W. Ducklow ◽  
Natalia González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Marine Food Webs ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
Temperature Manipulation ◽  
Atlantic Coastal ◽  
Individual Size ◽  
Interannual Scale

Heterotrophic bacteria play a major role in organic matter cycling in the ocean. Although the high abundances and relatively fast growth rates of coastal surface bacterioplankton make them suitable sentinels of global change, past analyses have largely overlooked this functional group. Here, time series analysis of a decade of monthly observations in temperate Atlantic coastal waters revealed strong seasonal patterns in the abundance, size and biomass of the ubiquitous flow-cytometric groups of low (LNA) and high nucleic acid (HNA) content bacteria. Over this relatively short period, we also found that bacterioplankton cells were significantly smaller, a trend that is consistent with the hypothesized temperature-driven decrease in body size. Although decadal cell shrinking was observed for both groups, it was only LNA cells that were strongly coherent, with ecological theories linking temperature, abundance and individual size on both the seasonal and interannual scale. We explain this finding because, relative to their HNA counterparts, marine LNA bacteria are less diverse, dominated by members of the SAR11 clade. Temperature manipulation experiments in 2012 confirmed a direct effect of warming on bacterial size. Concurrent with rising temperatures in spring, significant decadal trends of increasing standing stocks (3% per year) accompanied by decreasing mean cell size (−1% per year) suggest a major shift in community structure, with a larger contribution of LNA bacteria to total biomass. The increasing prevalence of these typically oligotrophic taxa may severely impact marine food webs and carbon fluxes by an overall decrease in the efficiency of the biological pump.

scholarly journals Effect of Environmental Factors and Influence of Rumen and Hindgut Biogeography on Bacterial Communities in Steers

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo A. Romero-Pérez ◽  
Kim H. Ominski ◽  
Tim A. McAllister ◽  
Denis O. Krause
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Access Time ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Alfalfa Silage

ABSTRACTFeces from cattle production are considered important sources of bacterial contamination of food and the environment. Little is known about the combined effects of arctic temperatures and fodder tannins on rumen and hindgut bacterial populations. Individual rumen liquor and rectal fecal samples from donor steers fed either alfalfa silage or sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifoliaScop.) silage and waterad libitumwere collected weekly on the first three sampling days and fortnightly afterwards. The daily ambient temperatures were registered and averaged to weekly mean temperatures. Steers fed sainfoin silage had lower (P< 0.05) concentrations of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (VFA) than those fed alfalfa silage. All VFA concentrations were higher (P< 0.001) in rumen liquor samples than in fecal samples. The interaction of sample type and diet showed a significant effect (P< 0.05) on the proportions of the bacterial community that were from the phylaProteobacteriaandVerrucomicrobia.Ambient temperature had an indirect effect (P< 0.05) on the phylumFirmicutes, as it affected its proportional balance. The bacterial population diversity in samples appeared to decrease concurrently with the ambient temperature. The phylumFirmicutesexplained the first principal component at 64.83 and 42.58% of the total variance in rumen liquor and fecal samples, respectively. The sample type had a larger effect on bacterial communities than diet and temperature. Certain bacterial populations seemed to be better adapted than others to environmentally adverse conditions, such as less access time to nutrients due to higher motility and rate of passage of digesta caused by extreme temperatures, or antimicrobials such as tannins, possibly due to an influence of their biogeographical location within the gut.

scholarly journals Black Queen Evolution and Trophic Interactions Determine Plasmid Survival after the Disruption of the Conjugation Network

mSystems ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Cairns ◽  
Katariina Koskinen ◽  
Reetta Penttinen ◽  
Tommi Patinen ◽  
Anna Hartikainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Genetic Elements

ABSTRACTMobile genetic elements such as conjugative plasmids are responsible for antibiotic resistance phenotypes in many bacterial pathogens. The ability to conjugate, the presence of antibiotics, and ecological interactions all have a notable role in the persistence of plasmids in bacterial populations. Here, we set out to investigate the contribution of these factors when the conjugation network was disturbed by a plasmid-dependent bacteriophage. Phage alone effectively caused the population to lose plasmids, thus rendering them susceptible to antibiotics. Leakiness of the antibiotic resistance mechanism allowing Black Queen evolution (i.e. a “race to the bottom”) was a more significant factor than the antibiotic concentration (lethal vs sublethal) in determining plasmid prevalence. Interestingly, plasmid loss was also prevented by protozoan predation. These results show that outcomes of attempts to resensitize bacterial communities by disrupting the conjugation network are highly dependent on ecological factors and resistance mechanisms.IMPORTANCEBacterial antibiotic resistance is often a part of mobile genetic elements that move from one bacterium to another. By interfering with the horizontal movement and the maintenance of these elements, it is possible to remove the resistance from the population. Here, we show that a so-called plasmid-dependent bacteriophage causes the initially resistant bacterial population to become susceptible to antibiotics. However, this effect is efficiently countered when the system also contains a predator that feeds on bacteria. Moreover, when the environment contains antibiotics, the survival of resistance is dependent on the resistance mechanism. When bacteria can help their contemporaries to degrade antibiotics, resistance is maintained by only a fraction of the community. On the other hand, when bacteria cannot help others, then all bacteria remain resistant. The concentration of the antibiotic played a less notable role than the antibiotic used. This report shows that the survival of antibiotic resistance in bacterial communities represents a complex process where many factors present in real-life systems define whether or not resistance is actually lost.

Glucose-induced changes in the bacterial communities of mine tailings at different acidification stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-213
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Zhaojun Wu ◽  
Xingchen Dong ◽  
Dongmei Wang ◽  
Huizhen Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Mine Tailings ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Glucose Addition ◽  
Community Growth

Ecological restoration technologies applied to tailings can influence the associated bacterial communities. However, it is unknown if the shifts in these bacterial communities are caused by increased organic carbon. Glucose-induced respiration and high-throughput sequencing were used to assess the microbial activity and bacterial communities, respectively. Glucose addition increased the microbial activity, and glucose + ammonium nitrate addition resulted in slightly higher CO2 emission than did glucose addition alone, suggesting that carbon and nitrogen limited microbial community growth. In neutral pH tailings, the bacterial taxa that increased by glucose addition were assigned to the phyla Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Planctomycetes. However, the bacterial taxa that increased by glucose addition in acidic tailings only belonged to the phylum Actinobacteria (maximum increase of 43.78%). In addition, the abundances of the total nitrogen-fixing genera and of the genus Arthrobacter (representing approximately 97.89% of the total nitrogen-fixing genera) increased by glucose addition in acidic tailings (maximum increase of 46.98%). In contrast, the relative abundances of the total iron- and (or) sulfur-oxidizing bacteria decreased (maximum decrease of 10.41%) in response to the addition of glucose. These findings indicate that the addition of organic carbon is beneficial to the development of bacterial communities in mine tailings.

scholarly journals Characterization of bacterioplankton communities and quantification of organic carbon pools off the Galapagos Archipelago under contrasting environmental conditions

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataly Carolina Guevara Campoverde ◽  
Christiane Hassenrück ◽  
Pier Luigi Buttigieg ◽  
Astrid Gärdes
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Carbon Pools ◽  
Aggregate Formation ◽  
Galapagos Archipelago ◽  
Carbon Concentrations ◽  
Bacterioplankton Communities

Bacteria play a crucial role in the marine carbon cycle, contributing to the production and degradation of organic carbon. Here, we investigated organic carbon pools, aggregate formation, and bacterioplankton communities in three contrasting oceanographic settings in the Galapagos Archipelago. We studied a submarine CO2 vent at Roca Redonda (RoR), an upwelling site at Bolivar Channel (BoC) subjected to a weak El Niño event at the time of sampling in October 2014, as well as a site without volcanic or upwelling influence at Cowley Islet (CoI). We recorded physico-chemical parameters, and quantified particulate and dissolved organic carbon, transparent exopolymeric particles, and the potential of the water to form larger marine aggregates. Free-living and particle-attached bacterial communities were assessed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Both RoR and BoC exhibited temperatures elevated by 1–1.5 °C compared to CoI. RoR further experienced reduced pH between 6.8 and 7.4. We observed pronounced differences in organic carbon pools at each of the three sites, with highest dissolved organic carbon concentrations at BoC and RoR, and highest particulate organic carbon concentrations and aggregate formation at BoC. Bacterioplankton communities at BoC were dominated by opportunistic copiotrophic taxa, such as Alteromonas and Roseobacter, known to thrive in phytoplankton blooms, as opposed to oligotrophic taxa dominating at CoI, such as members of the SAR11 clade. Therefore, we propose that bacterial communities were mainly influenced by the availability of organic carbon at the investigated sites. Our study provides a comprehensive characterization of organic carbon pools and bacterioplankton communities, highlighting the high heterogeneity of various components of the marine carbon cycle around the Galapagos Archipelago.

scholarly journals Carbon storage along altitudes in agrisilviculture system- Case study of Devprayag Block, Tehri District, Uttarakhand, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
K.K. Vikrant ◽  
D.S. Chauhan ◽  
R.H. Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Total Carbon Stock ◽  
Crop Biomass

Climate change is one of the impending problems that have affected the productivity of agroecosystems which calls for urgent action. Carbon sequestration through agroforestry along altitude in mountainous regions is one of the options to contribute to global climate change mitigation. Three altitudes viz. lower (286-1200m), middle (1200-2000m), and upper (2000-2800m) have been selected in Tehri district. Ten Quadrates (10m × 10 m) were randomly selected from each altitude in agrisilviculture system. At every sampling point, one composite soil sample was taken at 30 cm soil depth for soil organic carbon analysis. For the purpose of woody biomass, Non destructive method and for crop biomass assessment destructive method was employed. Finally, aboveground biomass (AGB), belowground biomass carbon (BGB), Total tree Biomass (TTB), Crop biomass (CB), Total Biomass (TB), Total biomass carbon (TBC), soil organic carbon (SOC), and total carbon stock (TC) status were estimated and variables were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).The result indicated that AGB, BGB, TTB, CB , TB, TBC, SOC, and TC varied significantly (p < 0.05) across the altitudes. Results showed that total carbon stock followed the order upper altitude ˃ middle altitudes ˃ lower altitude. The upper altitude (2000-2800 m) AGB, BGB,TTB, TBC,SOC, and TC stock was estimated as 2.11 Mg ha-1 , 0.52 Mg ha-1, 2.63 Mg ha-1, 2.633 Mg ha-1, 1.18 Mg ha-1 , 26.53 Mg ha-1, 38.48 Mg ha-1 respectively, and significantly higher than the other altitudes. It was concluded that agrisilviculture system hold a high potential for carbon storage at temperate zones. Quercus lucotrichophora, Grewia oppositifolia and Melia azadirach contributed maximum carbon storage which may greatly contribute to the climate resilient green economy strategy and their conservation should be promoted.

Impact of Cyanobacterial Associate and Heterotrophic Bacteria on Dissolved Organic Carbon and Metal in Moss and Peat Leachate: Application to Permafrost Thaw in Aquatic Environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 331-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liudmila S. Shirokova ◽  
Joachim Labouret ◽  
Melissa Gurge ◽  
Emmanuelle Gérard ◽  
Irina S. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Permafrost Thaw

scholarly journals Quorum Sensing Regulates the Hydrolytic Enzyme Production and Community Composition of Heterotrophic Bacteria in Coastal Waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Urvoy ◽  
Raphaël Lami ◽  
Catherine Dreanno ◽  
Daniel Delmas ◽  
Stéphane L’Helguen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Hydrolytic Activities

Heterotrophic microbial communities play a central role in biogeochemical cycles in the ocean by degrading organic matter through the synthesis of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. Their hydrolysis rates result from the community’s genomic potential and the differential expression of this genomic potential. Cell-cell communication pathways such as quorum sensing (QS) could impact both aspects and, consequently, structure marine ecosystem functioning. However, the role of QS communications in complex natural assemblages remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated whether N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs), a type of QS signal, could regulate both hydrolytic activities and the bacterial community composition (BCC) of marine planktonic assemblages. To this extent, we carried out two microcosm experiments, adding five different AHLs to bacterial communities sampled in coastal waters (during early and peak bloom) and monitoring their impact on enzymatic activities and diversity over 48 h. Several specific enzymatic activities were impacted during both experiments, as early as 6 h after the AHL amendments. The BCC was also significantly impacted by the treatments after 48 h, and correlated with the expression of the hydrolytic activities, suggesting that changes in hydrolytic intensities may drive changes in BCC. Overall, our results suggest that QS communication could participate in structuring both the function and diversity of marine bacterial communities.

APPLICATION OF DATA MINING IN THE ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES IN DIFFERENT RESERVOIRS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Radojević ◽  
◽  
Aleksandar Ostojić ◽  
Nenad Stefanović
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Mining System ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Data Mining System ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Using data mining techniques, this study analyzes the influence and dependance of bacterial communities that are determined in routine monitoring of open water quality status, such as heterotrophic bacteria (psychrophiles and mesophiles). The SeLaR database was used, which, in addition to various studies of integrated data related to the reservoirs of Serbia, is the basis for advanced data analysis – utilizing statistical methods and data mining. Data for reservoirs with different morphometric qualities, different positions, trophic status, and dominant bacterial community were analyzed. In this research, classification, and analysis of influential parameters, as well as scenario analysis was applied. The results indicate that a designed data mining system can analyze the state and influence of bacterial communities with different parameters that are determined both in standard routine analysis, and in some more specialized studies. This study showed that designed data mining system can serve as flexible, effective, and practical tool for monitoring water quality using bacterial communities in reservoirs.

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