scholarly journals Selenium Requirements Are Higher for Glutathione Peroxidase-1 mRNA than Gpx1 Activity in Rat Testis

2009 ◽  
Vol 234 (5) ◽  
pp. 513-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja C. Schriever ◽  
Kimberly M. Barnes ◽  
Jacqueline K. Evenson ◽  
Anna M. Raines ◽  
Roger A. Sunde
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Lower Priority ◽  
Selenoprotein Mrnas ◽  
Se Status

Selenium (Se) plays a critical role in testis, sperm, and reproduction, and testis Se levels are remarkably maintained in Se deficiency. In most other tissues, Se levels decrease dramatically as do levels of most selenoproteins and levels of a subset of Se-regulated selenoprotein mRNAs. Because of the recent identification of key molecules in the targeted trafficking of Se to the testis, we examined the hierarchy of Se regulation in testis by determining the dietary Se regulation of the full testis selenoproteome in rats fed graded levels of Se (0 to 0.8 μg Se/g) as Na2SeO3 for 28 d. Se status did not significantly affect testis weight or glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) activity ( P > 0.05). qRT-PCR analysis of selenoprotein mRNA expression revealed that 21 of the 24 selenoprotein mRNAs and ApoER2 mRNA (the selenoprotein P [Sepp1] receptor) were also not regulated significantly by dietary Se status. In contrast, Gpx1 activity decreased to 28% of Se-adequate levels, and mRNA levels for Gpx1, Sepp1, and Sepw1 (selenoprotein W) decreased significantly in Se-deficient rats to 45, 46, and 55%, respectively, of Se-adequate plateau levels. Overlap of hyperbolic Gpx4 activity and Sepw1 mRNA response curves with testis Se concentration, all with minimum dietary Se requirements <0.016 μg Se/g, showed the priority for synthesis of Gpx4. Higher minimum dietary Se requirements of 0.04 μg Se/g for Gpx1 activity and Sepp1 mRNA, and the even higher minimum dietary Se requirement of 0.08 μg Se/g for Gpx1 mRNA, suggest that the hierarchy of these biomarkers reflects distinct, lower priority pools, cell types, and roles for Se within the testis.

Selenium regulation of transcript abundance and translational efficiency of glutathione peroxidase-1 and −4 in rat liver

2001 ◽  
Vol 357 (3) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherri WEISS SACHDEV ◽  
Roger A. SUNDE
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Translational Efficiency ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase 1 ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Se Deficiency ◽  
Selenoprotein Mrnas ◽  
Se Status

Glutathione peroxidase (GPX)1 mRNA in rat liver falls dramatically during Se deficiency to levels that are approx. 10% of Se-adequate levels. This regulation is mediated by mRNA stability, and is hypothesized to involve nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. mRNA levels for GPX4 and other selenoproteins are much less regulated by Se status. To evaluate the relative contribution of mRNA abundance versus translational efficiency to overall regulation of GPX1 expression, we quantified GPX1, GPX4 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) transcripts per cell in rat liver. Surprisingly, we found that GPX1 transcripts in Se deficiency are moderately abundant and similar in abundance to GAPDH and other selenoprotein mRNAs; Se supplementation increases GPX1 mRNA so that it is 30-fold higher than GAPDH mRNA. Translational efficiency of GPX1 mRNA is half of that of GPX4. Translational efficiency of GPX1 mRNA increases approx. 20-fold with Se supplementation and appears to switch GPX1 mRNA from nonsense-mediated degradation to translation. This regulatory switch can explain why GPX1 expression is an excellent parameter for assessment of Se status.

scholarly journals Longitudinal selenium status in healthy British adults: assessment using biochemical and molecular biomarkers

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (S3) ◽  
pp. S37-S47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Sunde ◽  
Elaine Paterson ◽  
Jacqueline K. Evenson ◽  
Kimberly M. Barnes ◽  
Julie A. Lovegrove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Molecular Biomarkers ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase 1 ◽  
Longitudinal Effects ◽  
Se Status

Human selenium (Se) requirements are currently based on biochemical markers of Se status. In rats, tissue glutathione peroxidase-1 (Gpx1) mRNA levels can be used effectively to determine Se requirements; blood Gpx1 mRNA levels decrease in Se-deficient rats, so molecular biology-based markers have potential for human nutrition assessment. To study the efficacy of molecular biology markers for assessing Se status in humans, we conducted a longitudinal study on 39 subjects (age 45 ± 11) in Reading, UK. Diet diaries (5 day) and blood were obtained from each subject at 2, 8, 17 and 23 weeks, and plasma Se, glutathione peroxidase (Gpx3) enzyme activity, and selenoprotein mRNA levels were determined. There were no significant longitudinal effects on Se biomarkers. Se intake averaged 48 ± 14 μg/d. Plasma Se concentrations averaged 1·13 ± 0·16 μmol/l. Plasma Se v. energy-corrected Se intake (ng Se/kJ/d) was significantly correlated, but neither Gpx3 activity v. Se intake (ng Se/kJ/d) nor Gpx3 activity v. plasma Se was significantly correlated. Collectively, this indicates that subjects were on the plateaus of the response curves. Selenoprotein mRNAs were quantitated in total RNA isolated from whole blood, but mRNA levels for Gpx1, selenoprotein H, and selenoprotein W (all highly regulated by Se in rodents), as well selenoprotein P, Gpx3, and phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase were also not significantly correlated with plasma Se. Thus selenoprotein molecular biomarkers, as well as traditional biochemical markers, are unable to further distinguish differences in Se status in these Se replete subjects. The efficacy of molecular biomarkers to detect Se deficiency needs to be tested in Se-deficient populations.

scholarly journals Selenium status highly regulates selenoprotein mRNA levels for only a subset of the selenoproteins in the selenoproteome

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger A. Sunde ◽  
Anna M. Raines ◽  
Kimberly M. Barnes ◽  
Jacqueline K. Evenson
Keyword(s):  
Thioredoxin Reductase ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Nonsense Mediated Decay ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Se Deficiency ◽  
Selenoprotein Mrnas ◽  
Se Status

Gpx (glutathione peroxidase)-1 enzyme activity and mRNA levels decrease dramatically in Se (selenium) deficiency, whereas other selenoproteins are less affected by Se deficiency. This hierarchy of Se regulation is not understood, but the position of the UGA selenocysteine codon is thought to play a major role in making selenoprotein mRNAs susceptible to nonsense-mediated decay. Thus in the present paper we studied the complete selenoproteome in the mouse to uncover additional selenoprotein mRNAs that are highly regulated by Se status. Mice were fed on Se-deficient, Se-marginal and Se-adequate diets (0, 0.05 and 0.2 μg of Se/g respectively) for 35 days, and selenoprotein mRNA levels in liver and kidney were determined using microarray analysis and quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Se-deficient mice had liver Se concentrations and liver Gpx1 and thioredoxin reductase activities that were 4, 3 and 3% respectively of the levels in Se-adequate mice, indicating that the mice were Se deficient. mRNAs for Selh (selenoprotein H) and Sepw1 (selenoprotein W) as well as Gpx1 were decreased by Se deficiency to <40% of Se-adequate levels. Five and two additional mRNAs were moderately down-regulated in Sedeficient liver and kidney respectively. Importantly, nine selenoprotein mRNAs in liver and fifteen selenoprotein mRNAs in the kidney were not significantly regulated by Se deficiency, clearly demonstrating that Se regulation of selenoprotein mRNAs is not a general phenomenon. The similarity of the response to Se deficiency suggests that there is one underlying mechanism responsible. Importantly, the position of the UGA codon did not predict susceptibility to Se regulation, clearly indicating that additional features are involved in causing selenoprotein mRNAs to be sensitive to Se status.

The B-Cell Chemoattractant Factor CXCL13 Is Expressed in the Malignant Lymphocyte of the Sezary Syndrome.

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (11) ◽  
pp. 2292-2292
Author(s):  
Maria Grazia Narducci ◽  
Maria Cristina Picchio ◽  
Cristina Lazzeri ◽  
Irene Angelucci ◽  
Enrico Scala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Cellular Recruitment ◽  
Skin Biopsies ◽  
Infiltrating Lymphocytes

Abstract Sézary Syndrome (SS) is a rare and aggressive form of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) characterised by a distinct metastatic pattern mainly involving blood and skin. Our expression analyses performed by microarrays demonstrated that many chemokines resulted up-regulated in this type of lymphoma. Since these chemoattractant molecules play a critical role in cellular recruitment and homing to tissues and in the metastatic process of several tumors, we focused our attention on one of them named CXCL13, a lymphoid chemokine involved in B-cell compartmental homing within secondary lymphoid organs. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from blood obtained from SS patients and controls by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation (Sigma Aldrich). SS cells and healthy resting CD4+ lymphocytes were purified by positive selection using an anti-human-CD4 conjugated dynabeads (Oxoid). Total RNA was extracted using the Trizol reagent (Life Technologies). Quantitative-Real Time RT-PCR analysis was performed on CD4+ sorted from 14 SS patients and 3 controls. CXCL13 primers were designed by means of the Primer Express software package (Applied Biosystems). The qRT-PCR were performed with a SYBR Green I dye chemistry and AmpliTaq Gold DNA Polymerase on an ABI PRISM 7000 machine (Applied Biosystems). Immunohistochemistry analyses for CXCL13 were performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin biopsies from 15 SS, 15 MF, 6 MF-B cell rich patients using streptoavidin-biotin peroxidase labeling method (DAKO). Sections were counterstained with hematoxylin. Plasma CXCL13 levels were determined using a CXCL13 ELISA kit (BD Pharmingen). Results can be summarized as follow: qRT-PCR analysis revealed that 6 out 13 of SS patients showed an high mRNA levels of CXCL13; Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that CXCL13 is abundantly expressed by neoplastic skin-infiltrating lymphocytes of 9 out 15 SS skin biopsies. Conversely, CXCL13 is weakly expressed on scattered neoplastic skin-infiltrating lymphocytes of 1 out 15 MF and 1 out 6 MF-B cell rich biopsies. Plasma CXCL13 concentrations in SS patients (n = 10) were 1362 ± 134 pg/mL. Conversely, those in MF patients (n = 10) and healthy donors (n = 5) were 70 ± 43 and 13 ± 10 pg/mL, respectively. Compared with healthy controls, plasma CXCL13 levels were significantly higher in patients with SS (p<0.001) and with MF (p=0.04). In this study we report that both circulating and skin-infiltrating neoplastic lymphocytes of SS patients abundantly express CXCL13. Furthermore, this chemokine is also detectable at high level on plasma of SS patients. Conversely, CXCL13 is not observable in healthy controls as well as in Mycosis Fungoides, a variant of low grade of CTCL. These findings indicate that CXCL13 could play a role in pathobiology of Sézary Syndrome and that the expression of this chemokine could be used as diagnostic marker for this kind of tumor

scholarly journals Pyrophosphatase of the Roundworm Ascaris suum Plays an Essential Role in the Worm's Molting and Development

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1995-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Khyrul Islam ◽  
Takeharu Miyoshi ◽  
Manabu Yamada ◽  
Naotoshi Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Molting Process ◽  
Third Stage

ABSTRACT Previous studies indicated that inorganic pyrophosphatase of Ascaris suum (AsPPase) plays an important role in larval survival in the host. Here we describe a precise role for AsPPase in larval molting and development and also describe the potential role of recombinant AsPPase (rAsPPase) in protective immunity to A. suum infection. Using reverse transcriptase PCR analysis, we found that disruption of AsPPase gene function by RNA interference resulted in suppression of AsPPase mRNA levels. RNA interference also caused inhibition of molting of third-stage larvae (31%) and suppression of native protein expression, as demonstrated by a 56% reduction in enzyme activity and quantified by immunoblot and immunofluorescence analyses, suggesting that AsPPase has a role in the molting process. The anatomic location of the AsPPase native enzyme in the hypodermis of larvae along with its elevated expression prior to and during the molting process supports such a role. Anti-rAsPPase immunoglobulin G (IgG) also resulted in 57% inhibition of molting of A. suum lung-stage third-stage larvae to fourth-stage larvae in vitro with developmental arrest. Antigenic epitopes of AsPPase overlapped the enzyme active sites. Mice immunized with rAsPPase exhibited high antigen-specific IgG antibody responses and were protected (>70%) against a challenge A. suum migratory-phase infection. Splenic T cells from rAsPPase-immunized mice produced low levels of T helper 1-type cytokines (gamma interferon and interleukin-2) in vitro but exhibited an elevated interleukin-10 response. A significantly high level of IgG1 subclass antibodies was found in immunized mice. Our results establish that AsPPase has a critical role in the molting and development of Ascaris roundworms and suggest the potential of AsPPase for use as a candidate vaccine against ascariasis.

5 TESTICULAR GnRH-II RECEPTOR KNOCKDOWN IMPAIRS DIURNAL TESTOSTERONE SECRETION IN THE BOAR

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
A. T. Desaulniers ◽  
R. A. Cederberg ◽  
C. A. Lents ◽  
B. R. White
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Male Reproductive Success ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Littermate Control ◽  
Time Interaction

The second mammalian GnRH isoform (GnRH-II) and its specific receptor (GnRHR-II) are ubiquitously expressed, with elevated levels in the testis. Gene coding errors prevent their production in many species, but both genes are functional in swine. We demonstrated that GnRHR-II localizes to porcine Leydig cells, and exogenous GnRH-II robustly stimulates testosterone production in vivo, despite minimal luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. These data suggest that GnRH-II directly effects steroidogenesis in the boar testis. To explore this hypothesis, we produced a GnRHR-II knockdown (KD) swine line. Upon characterisation of this line, serum testosterone concentrations were reduced in GnRHR-II KD compared with littermate control males during pubertal development. However, concentrations of LH were unaffected, indicating that GnRHR-II KD impairs steroidogenesis directly at the testis rather than inhibiting gonadotropin secretion from the anterior pituitary gland. Based on these results, the objective of this study was to compare diurnal secretory patterns of testosterone in mature GnRHR-II KD (n = 5) and littermate control (n = 5) males. Boars were fit with indwelling jugular cannulae and blood was collected every 15 min for 8 h. Serum was assayed for testosterone concentration via radioimmunoassay. Next, GnRHR-II KD (n = 5) and littermate control (n = 4) boars were killed, testis weight was recorded, and testicular tissue was collected for RNA isolation. To confirm KD in these animals, digital droplet PCR was performed to quantify GnRHR-II mRNA abundance (normalized to β-actin). Data were analysed using the MIXED procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) with line (transgenic or control) as the fixed effect and litter as a random effect. For hormone data, time and line × time interaction were included as fixed effects, with time as a repeated measure. Although there was no effect of time or line × time interaction (P > 0.05) on serum testosterone concentrations, we observed a line effect (P < 0.05). Differences between lines were dramatic; testosterone was reduced by 82% in GnRHR-II KD (0.75 ± 0.05 ng mL−1) compared with littermate control (4.09 ± 0.29 ng mL−1; P < 0.05) males. Despite divergent testosterone levels, testis weights were similar between lines (P > 0.05) indicative of altered Leydig cell function as opposed to hypertrophy/hyperplasia. Given that testicular GnRHR-II mRNA levels were reduced by 69% in transgenic animals (P < 0.001), these data demonstrate that GnRH-II and its receptor play a critical role in testosterone biosynthesis within porcine Leydig cells. Thus, this report reveals novel mediators of testicular function in the boar and challenges the central dogma of testosterone regulation. Because testosterone dictates male reproductive success, GnRH-II and its receptor represent unique targets to improve fertility in swine. This study was partially supported by NIFA Hatch (NEB-26-199; BRW) and AFRI (2011-67015; CAL) funds.

scholarly journals LPS-Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Signaling on Expression of Protein S and C4b-Binding Protein in the Liver

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Hayashi ◽  
Koji Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Activated Protein C ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Membrane Bound

Protein S (PS), mainly synthesized in hepatocytes and endothelial cells, plays a critical role as a cofactor of anticoagulant activated protein C (APC). PS activity is regulated by C4b-binding protein (C4BP), structurally composed of sevenα-chains (C4BPα) and aβ-chain (C4BPβ). In this paper, based primarily on our previous studies, we review the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced signaling which affects expression of PS and C4BP in the liver. Ourin vivostudies in rats showed that after LPS injection, plasma PS levels are significantly decreased, whereas plasma C4BP levels first are transiently decreased after 2 to 12 hours and then significantly increased after 24 hours. LPS decreases PS antigen and mRNA levels in both hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs), and decreases C4BP antigen and both C4BPαand C4BPβmRNA levels in hepatocytes. Antirat CD14 and antirat Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 antibodies inhibited LPS-induced NFκB activation in both hepatocytes and SECs. Furthermore, inhibitors of NFκB and MEK recovered the LPS-induced decreased expression of PS in both cell types and the LPS-induced decreased expression of C4BP in hepatocytes. These data suggest that the LPS-induced decrease in PS expression in hepatocytes and SECs and LPS-induced decrease in C4BP expression in hepatocytes are mediated by MEK/ERK signaling and NFκB activation and that membrane-bound CD14 and TLR-4 are involved in this mechanism.

scholarly journals Phenotypical and Functional Characteristics of Human Regulatory T Cells during Ex Vivo Maturation from CD4+ T Lymphocytes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5776
Author(s):  
Varvara G. Blinova ◽  
Natalia S. Novachly ◽  
Sofya N. Gippius ◽  
Abdullah Hilal ◽  
Yulia A. Gladilina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Effector Cells ◽  
Cycle Regulation ◽  
Further Development

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) participate in the negative regulation of inflammatory reactions by suppressing effector cells. In a number of autoimmune disorders, the suppressive function and/or the number of Tregs is compromised. The lack of active functioning Tregs can be restored with adoptive transfer of expanded ex vivo autologous Tregs. In our study, we traced the differentiation and maturation of Tregs CD4+CD25+FoxP3+CD127low over 7 days of cultivation from initial CD4+ T cells under ex vivo conditions. The resulting ex vivo expanded cell population (eTregs) demonstrated the immune profile of Tregs with an increased capacity to suppress the proliferation of target effector cells. The expression of the FoxP3 gene was upregulated within the time of expansion and was associated with gradual demethylation in the promotor region of the T cell-specific demethylation region. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed changes in the expression profile of genes involved in cell cycle regulation. In addition to FOXP3, the cells displayed elevated mRNA levels of Ikaros zinc finger transcription factors and the main telomerase catalytic subunit hTERT. Alternative splicing of FoxP3, hTERT and IKZF family members was demonstrated to be involved in eTreg maturation. Our data indicate that expanded ex vivo eTregs develop a Treg-specific phenotype and functional suppressive activity. We suggest that eTregs are not just expanded but transformed cells with enhanced capacities of immune suppression. Our findings may influence further development of cell immunosuppressive therapy based on regulatory T cells.

scholarly journals Activation of Apoptosis in a βB1-CTGF Transgenic Mouse Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1997
Author(s):  
Maximilian Weiss ◽  
Sabrina Reinehr ◽  
Ana M. Mueller-Buehl ◽  
Johanna D. Doerner ◽  
Rudolf Fuchshofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Bipolar Cells ◽  
Nerve Degeneration ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Gabaergic Synapse ◽  
Slow Progression

To reveal the pathomechanisms of glaucoma, a common cause of blindness, suitable animal models are needed. As previously shown, retinal ganglion cell and optic nerve degeneration occur in βB1-CTGF mice. Here, we aimed to determine possible apoptotic mechanisms and degeneration of different retinal cells. Hence, retinae were processed for immunohistology (n = 5–9/group) and quantitative real-time PCR analysis (n = 5–7/group) in 5- and 10-week-old βB1-CTGF and wildtype controls. We noted significantly more cleaved caspase 3+ cells in βB1-CTGF retinae at 5 (p = 0.005) and 10 weeks (p = 0.02), and a significant upregulation of Casp3 and Bax/Bcl2 mRNA levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, more terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL+) cells were detected in transgenic mice at 5 (p = 0.03) and 10 weeks (p = 0.02). Neurofilament H staining (p = 0.01) as well as Nefh (p = 0.02) and Tubb3 (p = 0.009) mRNA levels were significantly decreased at 10 weeks. GABAergic synapse intensity was lower at 5 weeks, while no alterations were noted at 10 weeks. The glutamatergic synapse intensity was decreased at 5 (p = 0.007) and 10 weeks (p = 0.01). No changes were observed for bipolar cells, photoreceptors, and macroglia. We conclude that apoptotic processes and synapse loss precede neuronal death in this model. This slow progression rate makes the βB1-CTGF mice a suitable model to study primary open-angle glaucoma.

Immunolocalization of antioxidant enzymes in testis of rams submitted to long-term heat stress

Zygote ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 432-435
Author(s):  
Thais Rose dos Santos Hamilton ◽  
Gabriela Esteves Duarte ◽  
José Antonio Visintin ◽  
Mayra Elena Ortiz D’Ávila Assumpção
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Oxidative Balance ◽  
Testicular Cells

SummaryLong-term heat stress (HS) induced by testicular insulation generates oxidative stress (OS) on the testicular environment; consequently activating antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The aim of this work was to immunolocalize antioxidant enzymes present in different cells within the seminiferous tubule when rams were submitted to HS. Rams were divided into control (n = 6) and treated group (n = 6), comprising rams subjected to testicular insulation for 240 h. After the testicular insulation period, rams were subjected to orchiectomy. Testicular fragments were submitted to immunohistochemistry for staining against SOD, GR and GPx enzymes. We observed immunolocalization of GPx in more cell types of the testis after HS and when compared with other enzymes. In conclusion, GPx is the main antioxidant enzyme identified in testicular cells in an attempt to maintain oxidative balance when HS occurs.

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