scholarly journals Contrasting effects of chlorides and sulphates on the hydrogen ion concentration of acid solutions

1919 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Thomas ◽  
M. E. Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration

scholarly journals THE PHAGOCYTOSIS OF SOLID PARTICLES

1923 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wallace O. Fenn
Keyword(s):  
Manganese Dioxide ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Carbon Electrode ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Electrode Potentials

1. Leucocytes ingest quartz particles more readily than carbon in acid solutions, and carbon more readily than quartz in alkaline solutions. 2. In the presence of acacia carbon is always preferred to quartz even in acid solutions. 3. Manganese dioxide particles are ingested by leucocytes with extraordinary rapidity as compared with manganese silicate or quartz. 4. Leucocytes are not attracted toward carbon or quartz particles but manganese dioxide exerts a distinct attraction for them. 5. Spores of Penicillium are ingested more readily than quartz. 6. Very small quartz particles, 1 micron in diameter, are not ingested as readily as larger particles of the same material. This result being contrary to the predictions of surface tension indicates that some other factor is involved in the ingestion of these small particles. 7. Measurements of the carbon electrode potentials and the cataphoretic charges on the particles have failed to supply an explanation for the varying relative rates of ingestion of carbon and quartz with varying hydrogen ion concentration.

Calcium and Hydrogen ion Concentration and the Interfacial Tension of Pyrethrum Extracts (With Four Text-figures.)

1931 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
White Spirit ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Hydroxyl Ion ◽  
Petroleum Solvent

1. The addition of a pyrethrum extract to a petroleum solvent, semirefined white spirit, considerably lowers its interfacial tension against water. The tension also depends upon the reaction of the aqueous phase, decreasing as the alkalinity increases.2. The addition of agral W.B. to a solution of pyrethrum extract further lowers the interfacial tension more especially against acid solutions, thereby decreasing the sensitivity of the tension value to the pH of the aqueous phase.3. The presence of calcium salts in the aqueous phase raises the interfacial tension of solutions of pyrethrum extract.4. Alkaline salts counteract the effect of calcium salts, and the resulting tension values can be correlated with the ratio of calcium to hydroxyl ion concentration.

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