scholarly journals Effects of bedrock groundwater dynamics on runoff generation: a case study on granodiorite headwater catchments, western Tanzawa Mountains, Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Yutaka Abe ◽  
Yoshimi Uchiyama ◽  
Masahiko Saito ◽  
Mitsuru Ohira ◽  
Takahide Yokoyama
Keyword(s):  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Headwater Catchments ◽  
Groundwater Dynamics ◽  
Tanzawa Mountains

Effects of Geological Structures on Rainfall-Runoff Processes in Headwater Catchments in a Sedimentary Rock Mountain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Inaoka ◽  
Ken'ichirou Kosugi ◽  
Naoya Masaoka ◽  
Tetsushi Itokazu ◽  
Kimihito Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Rock ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Storm Runoff ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
Headwater Catchments ◽  
Average Flow ◽  
Bedding Planes ◽  
Hydraulic Anisotropy

<p>To clarify rainfall-runoff responses in mountainous areas is essential for disaster prediction as well as water resource management. Runoff is considered to be affected by many factors including evapotranspiration, rainfall, topography, geology, vegetation, and land use. Among them, topography is said to be the most affectable factor. However, previous studies focused on geologies revealed that though catchments in crystalline mountains have less differences among runoffs, catchments in sedimentary rock mountains show great variation in their runoffs. To explain this difference, the geological structures were expected to be the key of runoffs in sedimentary rock mountains. In other words, particularly in headwater catchments located in sedimentary rock mountains, dips and strikes may significantly affect rainwater discharge. Moreover, the groundwater system can significantly be affected by the hydraulic anisotropy originated from geological stratigraphy. Additionally, in sedimentary rock mountains, previous studies suggested convergence of groundwater flows in the direction of strikes, but the effects of dips and strikes on rainfall-runoff responses were not investigated. Furthermore, none of these previous studies focused on the effects of geological structures on storm runoff responses. Therefore, based on the simultaneous observation of twelve catchments that lie radially from a single, isolated mountain peak, this study aims to clarify the effects of dips and strikes, which characterize sedimentary rock mountains, on water discharge.</p><p>The results obtained were as follows: (1) Even though the topographic wetness index (TWI) distributions of the twelve catchments were similar, there were significant differences in their runoff characteristics; (2) Catchments with average flow direction oriented toward the strike direction (strike-oriented catchments) are characterized by large baseflows; (3) Catchments with average flow direction oriented toward the opposite dip direction (opposite dip-oriented catchments) are steep, and this results in quick storm runoff generation; (4) Catchments with average flow direction oriented toward the dip direction (dip-oriented catchments) are gentle, and this results in delayed storm runoff generation. It was supposed that in strike-oriented catchments, large quantities of groundwater flowing along the bedding planes owing to hydraulic anisotropy, exfiltrate and sustain the large amount of the observed baseflow, i.e., in strike-oriented catchments, runoff is directly controlled by geological structures. On the other hand, in opposite dip-oriented and dip-oriented catchments, runoff is indirectly controlled by geological structures, i.e., geological structures affect slope gradients, which result in differences in storm runoff generation. Thus, this study clearly explains that geological structures significantly affect rainfall-runoff responses in headwater catchments located in sedimentary rock mountains.</p>

Storm Runoff Generation in Humid Headwater Catchments: 1. Where Does the Water Come From?

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1263-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Pearce ◽  
M. K. Stewart ◽  
M. G. Sklash
Keyword(s):  
Storm Runoff ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Headwater Catchments

scholarly journals Variability of Interactions between Some Soil Properties and Runoff Generation Time (Case Study: Kojoor Watershed)

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 11-1
Author(s):  
ملیحه سادات ظریف معظم ◽  
◽  
سید حمیدرضا صادقی ◽  
سید خلاق میرنیا ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Generation Time ◽  
Runoff Generation

LANDSLIDES AND GROUNDWATER DYNAMICS. CASE STUDY IN MOLDAVIAN TABLELAND (ROMANIA)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boicu Daniel ◽  
◽  
Minea Ionuț ◽  
Niacșu Lilian
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Dynamics
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document