scholarly journals Caffeine-Stimulated Intestinal Epithelial Cells Suppress Lipid Accumulation in Adipocytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 331-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takakazu MITANI ◽  
Tomoya NAGANO ◽  
Kiyonari HARADA ◽  
Yoko YAMASHITA ◽  
Hitoshi ASHIDA
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial

scholarly journals Ablation of Hmgb1 in Intestinal Epithelial Cells Causes Intestinal Lipid Accumulation and Reduces NASH in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet Gaskell ◽  
Xiaodong Ge ◽  
Romain Desert ◽  
Sukanta Das ◽  
Hui Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial

scholarly journals Intestinal Epithelial Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Hepatic Injury via the Gut-Liver Axis During Acute Alcohol Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arantza Lamas-Paz ◽  
Laura Morán ◽  
Jin Peng ◽  
Beatriz Salinas ◽  
Nuria López-Alcántara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Alcohol Injury

Binge drinking, i.e., heavy episodic drinking in a short time, has recently become an alarming societal problem with negative health impact. However, the harmful effects of acute alcohol injury in the gut-liver axis remain elusive. Hence, we focused on the physiological and pathological changes and the underlying mechanisms of experimental binge drinking in the context of the gut-liver axis. Eight-week-old mice with a C57BL/6 background received a single dose (p.o.) of ethanol (EtOH) [6 g/kg b.w.] as a preclinical model of acute alcohol injury. Controls received a single dose of PBS. Mice were sacrificed 8 h later. In parallel, HepaRGs and Caco-2 cells, human cell lines of differentiated hepatocytes and intestinal epithelial cells intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), respectively, were challenged in the presence or absence of EtOH [0–100 mM]. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated by ultracentrifugation from culture media of IECs were added to hepatocyte cell cultures. Increased intestinal permeability, loss of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and MUCIN-2 expression, and alterations in microbiota—increased Lactobacillus and decreased Lachnospiraceae species—were found in the large intestine of mice exposed to EtOH. Increased TUNEL-positive cells, infiltration of CD11b-positive immune cells, pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., tlr4, tnf, il1β), and markers of lipid accumulation (Oil Red O, srbep1) were evident in livers of mice exposed to EtOH, particularly in females. In vitro experiments indicated that EVs released by IECs in response to ethanol exerted a deleterious effect on hepatocyte viability and lipid accumulation. Overall, our data identified a novel mechanism responsible for driving hepatic injury in the gut-liver axis, opening novel avenues for therapy.

Three-dimensional organization and functional relationships of endocytotic compartments in pig intestinal epithelial cells

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
Julian P. Heath ◽  
Buford L. Nichols ◽  
László G. Kömüves
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Cell Surfaces ◽  
Basal Surface ◽  
Functional Relationships

The newborn pig intestine is adapted for the rapid and efficient absorption of nutrients from colostrum. In enterocytes, colostral proteins are taken up into an apical endocytotic complex of channels that transports them to target organelles or to the basal surface for release into the circulation. The apical endocytotic complex of tubules and vesicles clearly is a major intersection in the routes taken by vesicles trafficking to and from the Golgi, lysosomes, and the apical and basolateral cell surfaces.Jejunal tissues were taken from piglets suckled for up to 6 hours and prepared for electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry as previously described.

Thrombin enhances migration of intestinal epithelial cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A504-A504
Author(s):  
A NEUMANN ◽  
M DEPKAPRONDZINSKI ◽  
C WILHELM ◽  
K FELGENHAUER ◽  
T CASPRITZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial
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