scholarly journals Biskupi Dyrrachionu w strukturach patriarchatu Konstantynopola (VII-XI wiek)

Vox Patrum ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 221-236
Author(s):  
Jarosław Dudek
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
High Status ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
The West ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
First Case ◽  
Source Data ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Written Sources

The Early Middle Ages brought grave losses to the Christian Churches in the East. It was only the patriarchate of Constantinople that managed to maintain its previous dignity. Starting form the end of the 7th century, one may notice the pa­triarchate activity in the western Balkans. That church substance, having survived barbarians invasion, was defined in the literature as „the bridge between the West and the East” and it became the subject matter of a rivalry with the papacy. The patriarchate of Constantinople, consistently supported by the emperors of the New Rome, gradually gained superiority in this field. A significant role in these changes was played by the attitude of the patriarchate towards the bishopric in Dyrrachion (at present Dürres in Albania). The majority of preserved written sources concern­ing this church centre was created in a defined relationship with projects pursued by some emperors and patriarchs. From this perspective, one may follow the evo­lution of the local bishopric status based on preserved registers of bishoprics sub­ject to Constantinople (Notitiae episcopatuum Ecclesiae Constantinopolitane) as well as the lists of attendance of Dyrrachion’s metropolitan bishops at the Trullan Synod (692) and The Second Council of Nicaea (787). In the first case, it is pos­sible to reconstruct the image of the mediaeval Dyrrachion metropolis clearly referring to the ancient church traditions of the New and Old Epirus (Epirus Vetus i Epirus Nova). However, the second preserved source data collection underlines quite high status of the bishops of Dyrrachion at synods and councils, which re­flects their growing position (in comparison with Thessaloniki, Corinth or Athens) in the organization structures of the patriarchate of Constantinople.

scholarly journals Próba interpretacji zjawiska rytualnego składania ofiar z ludzi na Słowiańszczyźnie Zachodniej

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 373-397
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Pokorski
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Archaeological Remains ◽  
Research Knowledge ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Written Sources

The subject matter of the article concerns on ritual sacrificial practices related to human sacrifices among the Western Slavs, including the Polish lands and the Polabia region. The chronological range covers the early Middle Ages, from the 7th to the 12th centuries. Considerations on this subject include the review of anthropological and philosophical disciplines research including R. Girard studies in this aspect, an analysis of written sources, and above all the analysis of the occurrence of victims and sacrificial sites from an archaeological perspective. The aim of the study was to identify archaeological remains related to sacrificial rituals by presenting the occurrence of victims and sacrificial sites at selected archaeological sites. The study aims to discuss the issues with interpretations of various aspects of the human sacrifices from the early medival Western Slavdom territory sites. The work is interdisciplinary, as it takes into account and integrates the results of archaeological research, knowledge in the field of history, philosophy and cultural anthropology. The article presents the effectiveness of interdisciplinary methods in expanding analytical and interpretative possibilities of archeology regarding the rituals of sacrifice and sacrificial sites.

scholarly journals Veidekongen, olifanten og bøkeskogen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnar Orten Lie ◽  
Frans-Arne Stylegar
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
General Trend ◽  
High Status ◽  
Viking Age ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Beech Forests ◽  
Se Norway ◽  
Written Sources

This article discusses aspects of aristocratic hunting in theViking and Middle Ages. Falconry requires great knowledgeof birds, dogs and horses and the ability to make theminteract. The hunt itself should involve danger and requiredlarge resources. Falconry and other types of hunting wasassociated with high status, partly because hunting wasconsidered training for war. In the King’s Mirror from the13th century, emphasis is placed on the positive aspects ofhunting, such as allowing the king to maintain his health,and as having sporting fun with hawks, dogs, horses andweapons makes one accustomed to the use of weapons andwar. Earlier scholars have usually considered Norway asan exception from the general trend of aristocratic, warpreparinghunting, as hunting was practiced solely for foodor economic gains. Furthermore, Norway, together withIceland, has mainly been seen as a mere supplier of huntingbirds. Following recent research, this paper considers certainaspects of the archaeological record from Norway, as wellas written sources, that indicate falconry and other formsof aristocratic hunting practices. It is furthermore arguedthat the substantial beech forests of SE Norway were in factestablished as hunting parks in the Viking Age and later.

On Divine Providence

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-121
Author(s):  
S.J. Badakhchani
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Divine Providence ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
The West ◽  
Ethical Discourse ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Necessary Existence ◽  
Theological Thinking

Abstract Naṣīr al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī (1201–1274), the most eminent Muslim thinker of thirteenth-century Iran occupies a unique place among the Muslim polymaths of the Middle Ages who have gained recognition both in the East and West. In the West, he is recognised as a scientist whose contribution to astronomy, trigonometry and mathematics influenced the course of scientific developments, and in the East as a supreme teacher who contributed significantly to the application of metaphysical argumentation and philosophical terminology in Sufism, Ismaili and Twelver Shiʿi theology, bringing the Ismaili humanistic and ethical tradition of philosophers into the centre of Islamic ethical discourse. The renown of his commentary on Avicenna’s “Hints and Indications” (al-Išārāt wa-l-tanbīhāt) seems to have gained him the position of the foremost master of Avicennian philosophy. From another aspect al-Ṭūsī can be considered a partisan of Nizārī Ismaili theological thinking, a doctrine that in his opinion was somehow in harmony with Avicennan philosophy when he equates Necessary Existence with God. However, while commenting on Avicenna’s theorem of Divine Providence, al-Ṭūsī finds the Avicennan position unacceptable. The conclusions reached in this paper uphold the influence of Nizārī Ismaili philosophical deliberations on the nature of the Divine and His knowledge, not only on al-Ṭūsī and al-Šahrastānī but also on Avicenna himself. Needless to say, the wide scope of the subject prevents us from reaching definitive answers to all the questions raised and this attempt endeavours to lay the ground for further investigations to reach a clearer understanding of the subject.

scholarly journals FORMS AND FUNCTIONS OF OPERATORS FOUND IN TWILIGHT NOVEL

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Herman Paseru ◽  
I Wayan Ana ◽  
Dewa Ayu Kadek Claria
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Declarative Sentence ◽  
English Grammar ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Wh Questions ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The Subject

This research tries to analyze and discuss about the forms and functions of the operator in English found in the novel entitled Twilight written by Stephanie Meyer as the data source. The method used in conducting this research includes; chose the data source, data collection and data analysis. All the data from the novels are collected through library research by selecting the sentences which are related to the topic and analyzed systematically based on its types and functions. The theories applied to support this paper are the theory of Quirk, et al in their book entitled A Grammar of Contemporary English (1972) as the main theory, the theory of Cobuild in his book entitled English Grammar (1990) and others that are relevant to the topic are used as supporting theories. Based on the result of the analysis, it is found that the operators have four major forms namely do, be, have, and central modals. Besides, the functions of the operators are helping the positive declarative sentence in forming negative, interrogative, and nonassertive. In forming negative, the operator is immediately added with the negator not or the enclitic contracted form n’t and it is placed between the subject and the predication. Then, there are two forms of interrogatives or questions, namely yes-no questions and wh-questions. In yes-no questions, operatoris placed in front of the subject generally and in the wh-questions, the operator follows the wh-words. Besides, the operators also have important function in forming the nonassertive because the nonassertive form usually appears in the negative and interrogative sentences.

The Rise and Fall of Jewish Philological Exegesis on the Bible in the Middle Ages: Causes and Effects

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-88
Author(s):  
Eran Viezel
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ninth Century ◽  
Biblical Exegesis ◽  
The West ◽  
Northern France ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Jewish Intellectuals

In the course of the ninth century ce Jewish intellectuals in the Babylonian cultural sphere began to interpret the Bible literally, on the basis of language, syntax, and context. This hermeneutic method, called peshat exegesis spread from the East to the West and reached its apex in the twelfth century in northern France. However, the peshat method of interpretation flourished for a short time only and then declined, first in lands under the rule of Islam and afterwards also in Christian Europe. The question of the causes that led to the development of this hermeneutical method, its waxing and its waning, is one of the most basic questions in the study of medieval biblical exegesis. Nonetheless, no study devoted to a comprehensive explanation of the factors leading to the rise and fall of the peshat method has been undertaken, and most academic attention to the subject has focused on particular aspects, specifically the question of the factors that led to the flourishing of the peshat method in northern France. In this study, I fill this gap. As will be made clear, my results differ in various points from the views presented in previous research.

Ecclesiastical History

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayr-Harting Henry
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Early Church ◽  
The West ◽  
Ecclesiastical History ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Medieval Political Theory ◽  
The Middle Ages

This chapter examines the study of ecclesiastical history in Great Britain. It explains that the various departments of ecclesiastical history have tended to be under the umbrella of Theology rather than of History and that in Anglican terms the subject has tended to mean Early Church, Reformation and Nineteenth Century. Medieval ecclesiastical history, therefore, has no established position. Some of the most notable British works on medieval ecclesiastical history include Medieval Political Theory in the West by A.J. Carlyle and Westminster Abbey and Its Estates in the Middle Ages by Barbara Harvey.

scholarly journals Orientalism on the Revelation of the Prophet

1986 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-326
Author(s):  
Muhammad Benaboud
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Second Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Vast Literature ◽  
The Subject

W. Montgomery Watt, Muhammad at Mecca (Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, 1953), 192pp., and Muhammad at Medina (Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, 1956), 417 pp.Maxime Rodinson, Mahomet (France: Club francais du livre, 1961), 378 pp., English translationby Anne Carter Muhammad, (London, The Penguin Press, 1971), with New Introductionand Foreward (New York, Pantheon Books, 1980), 363 pp.Duncan Black MacDonald, Aspects of lslam (New York, The Macmillan Company, 1911), 375 pp.The biography (Sira) of the Prophet Muhammad (SAAW) has attractedthe interest of scholars in both the Islamic world and the West for centuries.Vast literature exists on the subject in Arabic and in numerous European andAsian languages. The reasons for this interest are numerous and complex,ranging from religious to ideological and political motivations. The earliestArabic biographies of the Prophet date back to the second century of the Hijra/eighth century A.C. The Sira of Ibn-Ishaq and that of Ibn-Hisham (basedon the former) have had the greatest influence on the vast literature concerningthe Sira. Yet there are Siras dating back to the sixth and seventh centuriesA.H. which are still in the form of manuscripts waiting to be edited. TheQur‘an and the sayings and actions of the Prophet (Hadith) are the two mostimportant sources for studying the Prophet’s Sira.The Prophet’s biography has attracted great interest also in the West. Duringthe Middle Ages, the Prophet was the object of attack by Christian priestsand propagandists, whom we might call the original Orientalists. He wasdenigrated, his figure was deformed, and he was given insolent names like ...

A Systematic Literature Review of the EFQM Excellence Model from 1991 to 2019

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
Petr Bris
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
European Foundation ◽  
The Subject

A systematic literature review (SLR) from 1991 to 2019 is carried out about EFQM (European Foundation for Quality Management) excellence model in this paper. The aim of the paper is to present state of the art in quantitative research on the EFQM excellence model that will guide future research lines in this field. The articles were searched with the help of six strings and these six strings were executed in three popular databases i.e. Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct. Around 584 peer-reviewed articles examined, which are directly linked with the subject of quantitative research on the EFQM excellence model. About 108 papers were chosen finally, then the purpose, data collection, conclusion, contributions, and type of quantitative of the selected papers are discussed and analyzed briefly in this study. Thus, this study identifies the focus areas of the researchers and knowledge gaps in empirical quantitative literature on the EFQM excellence model. This article also presents the lines of future research.

PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MENYIMAK CERITA MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TIM PENDENGAR PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA SISWA KELAS V SD NEGERI 007 PAGARAN TAPAH DARUSSALAM KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Gusliarni Gusliarni
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Listening Skills ◽  
Class V ◽  
Average Ability ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Data Collection Technique ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

This research is motivated by the lack of listening skills obtained by the students, it is seen from the results of an assessment of the listening skills of students still achieved an average grade 56.32 or reach under the KKM predetermined value is 70. This study aims to determine whether the Team Learning model Listener can improve listening skills of students in the subject of Indonesian student Class V SD Negeri 007 Pagaran Tapah Darussalam Rokan Hulu. The subjects were 38 students in the academic year 2014-2015. Form of research is classroom action research. The data collection technique used is the technique of test and non test. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the ability to listen to the story class V students of SD Negeri 007 Pagaran Tapah Darussalam Rokan Hulu can be improved by applying the learning model listener team. On average ability to listen to stories of students in the early test is average with the average value of 56.32 by the medium category, and in the first cycle rose to 69.47 in the medium category, while in the second cycle listening skills of students categorized as high with the percentage of the average value of 76, 58 with a high category. Therefore, the success rate has exceeded 70 of the total number of students, which means that most students have achieved success predetermined value (minimum 75%).

PENERAPAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN GO TO YUOR POST UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS SISWA KELAS VI SDN 024 TARAI BANGUN KECAMATAN TAMBANG KABUPATEN KAMPAR

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Delfi Yendri
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Student Activity ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Data Collection Activity

This research is motivated by the poor results of Study Social Sciences (IPS) Student Class VI SDN 024 Tarai Bangun Kecamatan Tambang. This study aims to determine the resulting increase studying social sciences (IPS) student class VI SDN 024 Tarai Bangun Kecamatan Tambang through the application of learning strategies go to yuor post, which carried out for 1 month. The subjects were VI SDN 024 Tarai Bangun Kecamatan Tambang by the number of students as many as 38 people. Form of research is classroom action research. The research instrument consists of instruments and instrument performance data collection activity observation sheet form teacher and student activity. Based on the research, the conclusion to this study is based on the analysis and discussion in chapter IV can be concluded that the application of learning strategies go to yuor post can improve learning outcomes in the subject of social sciences grade VI SDN 024 Tarai Bangun Kecamatan Tambang. Evidenced by the increase in learning outcomes before action to the first cycle, to cycle II. Before the act of student learning outcomes classified as unresolved with an average of 59%, an increase in the first cycle by an average of 69%. While the results of student learning in the second cycle must be increased by an average of 75% with the category completed.

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