scholarly journals Governing Catholic religious education in Italian state schools: Between the revision of the Concordat and social movements, 1974-1984

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 167-184
Author(s):  
Guillaume Silhol

This article focuses on the redefinition of Catholic religious education in Italian state schools, from compulsory religious instruction into a non-compulsory discipline of “religious culture”, by analyzing how the issue is framed and negotiated by political, religious and educational actors between 1974 and 1984. The negotiations between governmental and Church representatives in the revision of the Concordat led to attempts at a compromise on religious education, its regime and its guarantees for students’ choices. However, social movements and school reforms forced various actors and institutions to reframe it in non-confessional, pedagogical and professional terms in public arenas. “Religious culture”, as a category promoted by teachers and intellectuals, became both a social problem and the main justification for the ownership of the Catholic Church over the problem.

Verbum Vitae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1295-1309
Author(s):  
Marian Zając

The article concerns the issue of religious instruction in Polish state schools, especially its inspiration from the Bible as the primary source of the transmission of faith. When religious education classes were introduced in schools, a confessional model of their performance was adopted, thus leading to establishing closer ties with churches and religious associations as well as developing personal faith. The methodology of my research was based on analysing the current anchoring of the teaching of religion in the Polish state law and the guidelines of the Catholic Church. Next, the 2018 Core Curriculum for the Catechesis of the Catholic Church in Poland, related to the reform of the Polish education system and the completely new situation resulting from the liquidation of the junior high school stage of education, was used to show biblical guidelines for religious instruction and a set of methodological tools that guarantee its effectiveness. Confessional religion classes are currently organized in all government-run schools in Poland, and according to recent statistical data they significantly contribute to their better functioning. Consequently, there is a need to appeal for the continuation of religious education in schools and its modification based on multimedia technology, and there is a necessity to overcome the tendency to remove classes of religion from Polish public schools.


Author(s):  
László Holló

"In less than one year, the Catholic Church, just like the other denominations, lost its school network built along the centuries. This was the moment when the bishop wrote: “No one can resent if we shed tears over the loss of our schools and educational institutions”. Moreover, he stated that he would do everything to re-store the injustice since they could not resent if we used all the legal possibilities and instruments to retrieve our schools that we were illegally dispossessed of. Furthermore, he evaluated the situation realistically and warned the families to be more responsible. He emphasized the parents’ responsibility. First and foremost, the mother was the child’s first teacher of religion. She taught him the first prayers; he heard about God, Jesus, the Virgin Mary, and the angels from his mother for the first time. He asked for the mothers’ and the parents’ support also in mastering the teachings of the faith. Earlier, he already instructed the priests to organize extramu-ral biblical classes for the children and youth. At this point, he asked the families to cooperate effectively, especially to lead an ardent, exemplary religious life, so that the children would grow up in a religious and moral life according to God’s will, learn-ing from the parents’ examples. And just as on many other occasions throughout history, the Catholic Church started building again. It did not build spectacular-looking churches and schools but rather modest catechism halls to bring communities together. These were the places where the priests of the dioceses led by the bishop’s example and assuming all the persecutions, incessantly educated the school children to the love of God and of their brethren, and the children even more zealously attended the catechism classes, ignoring their teachers’ prohibitions. Keywords: Márton Áron, Diocese of Transylvania, confessional religious education, communism, nationalization of catholic schools, Catholic Church in Romania in 1948."


1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel H. Levine

Lately we have become accustomed to look for change in Latin American Catholicism. Indeed, expectations of innovation and change have largely replaced the norms of continuity which once governed both scholarly and popular outlooks on the Catholic Church in the region. Constant change is now commonly anticipated in the ideas and structures of the churches, in their relation to social movements, and in the form and content of the churches' projections into society and politics as a whole.


2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-26
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Dullak

The Canon Law Code which is obliging within the Catholic Church, obliges the diocesan bishop to pay pastoral visits within his diocese (can. 396 § 1). The Vatican Council II points out that the bishops should run the particular churches entrusted to them, by counsels, encouragem ents and example, and that they should do it by the power of their authority (LG 27). During his 4-year pastoral work in the diocese of Koszalin and Kolobrzeg, bishop Czeslaw Domin visited 55 parishes. In each one of them he was concerned not only about the priests, but also lay people, and especially their spiritual lives. Bishop Domin was undertaking some actions aimed to revive charity activities within the parishes. Also, he was encouraging pastoral care for married couples and families, and tried to change things concerning religious education in public schools. He was always encouraging parishioners to be more active in different church activities.


Author(s):  
Erika Helgen

This chapter deals with the relationship between Protestants and santas missões populares. It explains that the missões were a key means by which anti-Protestantism became embedded within the Catholic religious culture of the Northeast. The chapter looks into the conflict between Capuchins and Protestants that had a long history in both Brazil and the wider world. It discusses the Capuchin Order the was founded in the midst of the Protestant Reformation, and one of the order's most important initial activities was seeking to reconvert individuals and families who had turned away from the Catholic Church. It also talks about the re-emergence of Italian Capuchins in the Northeast that paved the way for the ascension of one of the most famous Brazilian Capuchins of all time, Dom Frei Vital Maria Gonçalves de Oliveira.


2011 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annalisa Frisina

Italian society continues to be seen as homogeneous in religious terms and the teaching of Catholic religion in state schools as a pillar of the historical and cultural heritage of the Italian population, as sanctioned by the 1984 Concordat between the State and the Catholic Church. But profound changes have been under way since that Concordat, with migrant families settling in the country and their Italian-born offspring now attending Italian state schools. How do they feel about religious education at school? How do they view the Italian model of secularism and religious pluralism in Italy? What do they see as Italianness? A qualitative, focus-group-based investigation into secondary schools in a northern Italian town enables us to bring out these students’ demand for change from a generational standpoint and see beyond education into religion to possible ways to educate about and from religions, creating new horizons for religious pluralism (even) in Italy.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Joanna Mysona Byrska

Abstract This paper aims to show the development of moral education in Poland after 1989. The Catholic Church, family and schools are the most important things concerning moral education and development in Poland. . In the past, moral education in families and in state schools was different. The Catholic Church was, for many years, the anchor of freedom and Polish identity. By 1989, there were two models of education and moral development in Poland: the state model in the communist spirit and the Catholic Church with its Christian values. Individual families were in favor of one or the other. After 1989 everything changed and the state model became the same as the model of the Catholic Church and Polish families. In the paper, I will try to show how the current state of moral education in Poland and also I will try to present the changes that took place after 1989 in moral education.


Author(s):  
Lenise Glaucia de Souza Moraes

A partir da descrição do percurso histórico de consolidação do cristianismo em Portugal e do contato político, econômico e cultural dessa nação com povos africanos via expansão ultramarina e colonização, esse trabalho pretende descrever um paralelismo entre a divindade e a realeza europeia e africana pela comparação entre as coroações de rainha conga no Reinado de Nossa Senhora do Rosário, descrita em diversos trabalhos acadêmicos, e da Virgem Maria na Igreja Católica de Nossa Senhora de Fátima no bairro Tupi em Belo Horizonte, observada por essa pesquisa, por suas características e coincidências rituais e uso de objetos. Por essas relações, visa-se verificar como as trocas geradas entre o cristianismo e o banto, principalmente, e as reinterpretações de uma cultura por outra produziram uma terceira cultura religiosa, que se faz presente nas irmandades negras e festas de Congado em todo o Brasil, assim como uma terceira figura reinante, que conjuga o divino, o ancestral e o monarca.Palavras-chave: Congado. Performance. Banto. Igreja Nossa Senhora de Fátima. Transculturalidade.AbstractFrom the description of the historical course of consolidation of Christianity in Portugal and the political, economic and cultural contact this nation with African people through overseas expansion and colonization. This paper aims to describe a parallel between the deity and the European and African royalty by comparing coronation of queen conga of Our Lady of the Rosary, described in many academic papers and the coronation of Virgin Mary in the catholic church of Our Lady of Fatima in Tupi neighborhood of Belo Horizonte, observed in this research, because its characteristics and rituals coincidences and use of objects. For these relationships this paper aims to see how the exchange generated between Christianity and Bantu, mainly, and reinterpretations of one culture by another produced a third religious culture that is present in the black sororities and Congo throughout Brazil as well as a third reigning figure, which combines the divine, the ancestor and the monarch.Keywords: Congo. Performance. Bantu. Igreja Nossa Senhora de Fátima. Transculturality. 


Author(s):  
Adela del Jesús Lucio Pillasagua ◽  
Diego Renato Sornoza Parrales

THE TAX AUDIT AND THE COMPLIANCE OF TAX OBLIGATIONS IN INSTITUTIONS OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH WITH EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIESRESUMENSe realizó una investigación contable y tributaria en la Unidad Educativa Particular Religiosa García Moreno del Cantón Jipijapa, provincia de Manabí. El objetivo fue determinar la importancia de la auditoria tributaria en el cumplimiento de las obligaciones tributarias de la institución. Se aplicó un estudio de campo descriptivo con la aplicación de un diagnóstico sobre la situación organizacional, visitas preliminares, cuestionario de control interno, utilización de herramientas, como entrevistas, encuestas, dirigidas a la población que labora en la institución. Se demostró que el personal de la Institución Educativa no cuenta con suficiente capacitación tributaria, la Unidad no cuenta con políticas contables y administrativas bien definidas y documentadas. Se pudo constatar que en los meses de enero, febrero y marzo de 2014 presentan una declaración en cero a pesar de evidenciarse movimiento económico de ingresos y gastos durante éste periodo. El personal encargado de la gestión administrativa de la institución tiene una carencia de cultura tributaria con respectos a los deberes formales y sanciones pecuniarias por el incumplimiento de las obligaciones como contribuyente.PALABRAS CLAVE: Auditoria Tributaria; Cumplimiento de Obligaciones; Cultura de Impuestos; Declaraciones; Leyes.ABSTRACTAn accounting and tax research in the Private Religious Education Unit Garcia Moreno Canton Jipijapa, Manabí province was conducted. The objective was to determine the importance of the tax audit in compliance with the tax obligations of the institution. A descriptive study field with the application of a diagnosis on the organizational situation, preliminary visits, internal control questionnaire, using tools such as interviews, surveys, aimed at the population working was applied. It was shown that the staff of the Educational Institution does not have enough tax training. The unit does not have well-defined accounting and administrative policies and in writing. It was found that in the months of January, February and March 2014 have his statement in 0 despite having economic movement of income and expenses during this period. The staff responsible for the administrative management of the institution is a lack of tax culture with respects to the formal duties and penalties for breach of obligations as a taxpayer.KEYWORDS: Tax Audit; Compliance with Obligations; Tax Culture; Declarations; Laws.


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